{"id":"CVE-2016-0785","aliases":["EUVD-2022-3133","GHSA-876p-4wgc-75rx"],"status":"published","title":"Apache Struts RCE Vulnerability","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","severity":{"version":"3.0","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary","from":"nvd"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-07","score":0.08884,"percentile":0.95253,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-20"],"published":"2016-04-12T16:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-24T10:30:30Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","fixed_in":["2.3.20.3","2.3.24.3"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.0.0"},{"fixed":"2.3.20.3"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.3.24"},{"fixed":"2.3.24.3"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.0.0"},{"fixed":"2.3.20.3"}]}],"versions":["2.0.11","2.0.11.1","2.0.11.2","2.0.12","2.0.14","2.0.5","2.0.6","2.0.8","2.0.9","2.1.2","2.1.6","2.1.8","2.1.8.1","2.2.1","2.2.1.1","2.2.3","2.2.3.1","2.3.1","2.3.1.1","2.3.1.2","2.3.12","2.3.14","2.3.14.1","2.3.14.2","2.3.14.3","2.3.15","2.3.15.1","2.3.15.2","2.3.15.3","2.3.16","2.3.16.1","2.3.16.2","2.3.16.3","2.3.20","2.3.20.1","2.3.3","2.3.4","2.3.4.1","2.3.7","2.3.8"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.3.24"},{"fixed":"2.3.24.3"}]}],"versions":["2.3.24","2.3.24.1"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"apache","product":"struts"}],"references":[{"url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035271","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_SECTRACK","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry","advisory"]},{"url":"http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-029.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/85066","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_BID","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry","advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0785","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210123095715/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/85066","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20220118185853/http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035271","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/15857a69e7baf3675804495a5954cd0756ac8364","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-876p-4wgc-75rx"},{"url":"https://github.com/apache/struts","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2016-0785","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","status":"published","published":"2016-04-12T16:00:00Z","modified":"2024-08-05T22:30:04.502Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:33:37.12286Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2022-3133","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","status":"published","published":"2016-04-12T16:00:00Z","modified":"2024-08-05T22:30:04Z","updated_at":"2026-11-03T02:23:00.426765Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-876p-4wgc-75rx","title":"Apache Struts RCE Vulnerability","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.20.3, 2.3.24.3, and 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a `%{}` sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","status":"published","published":"2022-05-14T00:52:12Z","modified":"2023-12-28T19:58:43Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-20"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:37:28.753349Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2016-0785","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","status":"published","published":"2016-04-12T16:59:00.123Z","modified":"2026-06-17T00:38:13.673Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"},{"version":"2.0","score":9,"vector":"AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-20"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:03:23.795791Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2016-0785","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","status":"published","published":"2016-04-12T16:59:00.123Z","modified":"2026-10-24T10:30:30.688212525Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:01.531338Z"},{"id":"GHSA-876p-4wgc-75rx","title":"Apache Struts RCE Vulnerability","description":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.20.3, 2.3.24.3, and 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a `%{}` sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.","status":"published","published":"2022-05-14T00:52:12Z","modified":"2024-02-16T08:22:46.72655Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-20"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:42.077781Z"}]}}