{"id":"CVE-2016-1181","aliases":["CLSA-2025-1754006692","CLSA-2026-1788410329","EUVD-2022-3025","GHSA-7jw3-5q4w-89qg","MGASA-2016-0244"],"status":"published","title":"Improper Input Validation in Apache Struts","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","severity":{"version":"3.0","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary","from":"nvd"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-08","score":0.12706,"percentile":0.96291,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":false},"cwes":["CWE-20"],"published":"2016-07-04T22:00:00Z","modified":"2026-11-02T19:58:34Z","affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"1.3.10"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"struts:struts","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"1.2.9"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"1.3.5"},{"fixed":"1.3.5-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["1.3.5"],"bundled":5},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts-extras","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"1.3.5"},{"fixed":"1.3.5-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["1.3.5"],"bundled":5},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts-core","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"1.3.10"}]}],"versions":["1.3.10","1.3.5","1.3.8","1.3.9"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"struts:struts","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"1.2.9"}]}],"versions":["1.0.2","1.1","1.1-b2-20021124","1.1-b3","1.1-beta-2","1.1-rc1","1.1-rc2","1.2.2","1.2.4","1.2.7","1.2.8","1.2.9"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Mageia:5","package":"struts","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.3.10-8.2.mga5"}]}],"bundled":2}],"products":[{"vendor":"apache","product":"struts"},{"vendor":"oracle","product":"banking_platform"},{"vendor":"oracle","product":"portal"}],"references":[{"url":"http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2016-000096","tags":["third-party-advisory","x_refsource_JVNDB","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91068","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_BID","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry","advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036056","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_SECTRACK","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry","advisory"]},{"url":"http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN03188560/index.html","tags":["third-party-advisory","x_refsource_JVN","x_transferred","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91787","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_BID","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry","advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2018-4258247.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2018-3236628.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","fix"]},{"url":"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","web"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2017-3236622.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","web"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2016-2881720.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","Third Party Advisory","fix","web"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2017-3236626.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","fix"]},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180629-0006/","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kawasima/struts1-forever/commit/eda3a79907ed8fcb0387a0496d0cb14332f250e8","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Issue Tracking","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1343538","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Issue Tracking","report","web"]},{"url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","Third Party Advisory","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-1181","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1181","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180629-0006","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7jw3-5q4w-89qg"},{"url":"https://github.com/apache/struts","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://advisories.mageia.org/MGASA-2016-0244.html","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=18763","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN65044642/","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/thread/UQI2PYM3R4FWEOVHIFT7KUPTILG2DFMZ/","tags":["web"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2016-1181","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","status":"published","published":"2016-07-04T22:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-15T15:20:39.016Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:33:36.175943Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2022-3025","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","status":"published","published":"2016-07-04T22:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-15T15:20:39Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T17:00:13.422137Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-7jw3-5q4w-89qg","title":"Improper Input Validation in Apache Struts","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","status":"published","published":"2022-05-13T01:25:20Z","modified":"2025-10-13T12:03:01Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-20"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:39:00.807341Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2016-1181","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","status":"published","published":"2016-07-04T22:59:01.617Z","modified":"2026-10-15T16:17:24.51Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"},{"version":"2.0","score":6.8,"vector":"AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:03:27.736698Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2016-1181","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","status":"published","published":"2016-07-04T22:59:01.617Z","modified":"2026-10-24T14:05:44.39355228Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:02.114472Z"},{"id":"GHSA-7jw3-5q4w-89qg","title":"Improper Input Validation in Apache Struts","description":"ActionServlet.java in Apache Struts 1 1.x through 1.3.10 mishandles multithreaded access to an ActionForm instance, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unexpected memory access) via a multipart request, a related issue to CVE-2015-0899.","status":"published","published":"2022-05-13T01:25:20Z","modified":"2025-10-13T12:06:44.309871Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-20"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:41.002603Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2025-1754006692","title":"TuxCare security update for org.apache.struts (5 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt 2 org.apache.struts packages to address 5 CVEs. Fixed in 1.3.5-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-04T14:52:05Z","modified":"2026-11-02T19:58:34.022004801Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:23:44.164659Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1788410329","title":"TuxCare security update for org.springframework.graphql:spring-graphql (6 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt org.springframework.graphql:spring-graphql to address 6 CVEs. Fixed in 1.3.5-tuxcare.1.","status":"withdrawn","published":"2026-09-03T04:38:49Z","modified":"2026-10-26T13:21:31Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"},{"id":"MGASA-2016-0244","title":"Updated struts packages fix security vulnerabilities","description":"Updated struts packages fix security vulnerabilities:\n\nA vulnerability in Apache Struts 1 ActionForm allowing unintended remote\noperations against components on server memory, such as Servlets and\nClassLoader, was found (CVE-2016-1181).\n\nIt was reported that The Apache Struts 1 Validator contains a vulnerability\nwhere input validation configurations (validation rules, error messages, etc.)\nmay be modified. This occurs when ValidatorForm and ValidatorActionForm\n(including its subclasses) are in the session scope (CVE-2016-1182).\n","status":"published","published":"2016-07-08T19:50:50Z","modified":"2026-04-16T06:25:12.660154197Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:49:40.103088Z"}]}}