{"id":"CVE-2018-16149","aliases":["EUVD-2018-8004","GHSA-9955-wg6r-ggm9"],"status":"published","title":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature...","description":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification blindly trusts the declared lengths in the ASN.1 structure. Consequently, when small public exponents are being used, a remote attacker can generate purposefully crafted signatures (and put them on X.509 certificates) to induce illegal memory access and crash the verifier.","severity":{"version":"3.0","score":5.9,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium","assessor":"primary","from":"nvd"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-07","score":0.00696,"percentile":0.53277,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":false},"cwes":["CWE-347"],"published":"2018-11-07T20:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-20T13:29:17Z","products":[{"vendor":"axtls_project","product":"axtls"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/igrr/axtls-8266/commit/5efe2947ab45e81d84b5f707c51d1c64be52f36c","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Patch","Third Party Advisory","fix"]},{"url":"https://sourceforge.net/p/axtls/mailman/message/36459928/","tags":["mailing-list","x_refsource_MLIST","x_transferred","Exploit","Patch","Third Party Advisory","fix"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16149"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9955-wg6r-ggm9"}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2018-16149","description":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification blindly trusts the declared lengths in the ASN.1 structure. Consequently, when small public exponents are being used, a remote attacker can generate purposefully crafted signatures (and put them on X.509 certificates) to induce illegal memory access and crash the verifier.","status":"published","published":"2018-11-07T20:00:00Z","modified":"2024-08-05T10:17:37.778Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:11.426178Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2018-8004","description":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification blindly trusts the declared lengths in the ASN.1 structure. Consequently, when small public exponents are being used, a remote attacker can generate purposefully crafted signatures (and put them on X.509 certificates) to induce illegal memory access and crash the verifier.","status":"published","published":"2018-11-07T20:00:00Z","modified":"2024-08-05T10:17:37Z","updated_at":"2026-11-03T02:39:42.716317Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-9955-wg6r-ggm9","title":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature...","description":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification blindly trusts the declared lengths in the ASN.1 structure. Consequently, when small public exponents are being used, a remote attacker can generate purposefully crafted signatures (and put them on X.509 certificates) to induce illegal memory access and crash the verifier.","status":"published","published":"2022-05-14T01:37:56Z","modified":"2023-02-02T05:04:12Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":5.9,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:51:48.979759Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2018-16149","description":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification blindly trusts the declared lengths in the ASN.1 structure. Consequently, when small public exponents are being used, a remote attacker can generate purposefully crafted signatures (and put them on X.509 certificates) to induce illegal memory access and crash the verifier.","status":"published","published":"2018-11-07T20:29:00.557Z","modified":"2026-06-17T01:43:46.75Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":5.9,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"},{"version":"2.0","score":4.3,"vector":"AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:04:47.196456Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2018-16149","description":"In sig_verify() in x509.c in axTLS version 2.1.3 and before, the PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification blindly trusts the declared lengths in the ASN.1 structure. Consequently, when small public exponents are being used, a remote attacker can generate purposefully crafted signatures (and put them on X.509 certificates) to induce illegal memory access and crash the verifier.","status":"published","published":"2018-11-07T20:29:00.557Z","modified":"2026-10-20T13:29:17.389037367Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.0","score":5.9,"vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:08.533609Z"}]}}