{"id":"CVE-2023-24057","aliases":["EUVD-2023-0498","GHSA-jqh6-9574-5x22","GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg"],"status":"published","title":"MITM based Zip Slip in `ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.core`","description":"HL7 (Health Level 7) FHIR Core Libraries before 5.6.92 allow attackers to extract files into arbitrary directories via directory traversal from a crafted ZIP or TGZ archive (for a prepackaged terminology cache, NPM package, or comparison 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Party Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/security/advisories/GHSA-jqh6-9574-5x22","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24057","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/commit/b50aec59124416b7315a49220cfc3999223414cc","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-jqh6-9574-5x22"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/24xxx/CVE-2023-24057.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-24057","description":"HL7 (Health Level 7) FHIR Core Libraries before 5.6.92 allow attackers to extract files into arbitrary directories via directory traversal from a crafted ZIP or TGZ archive (for a prepackaged terminology cache, NPM package, or comparison archive).","status":"published","published":"2023-01-24T00:00:00Z","modified":"2025-04-01T19:26:42.787Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"adp"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:27.430605Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-0498","description":"HL7 (Health Level 7) FHIR Core Libraries before 5.6.92 allow attackers to extract files into arbitrary directories via directory traversal from a crafted ZIP or TGZ archive (for a prepackaged terminology cache, NPM package, or comparison archive).","status":"published","published":"2023-01-24T00:00:00Z","modified":"2025-04-01T19:26:42Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:52:45.339497Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-jqh6-9574-5x22","title":" MITM based Zip Slip in `ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.core`","description":"### Impact\n\nMITM can enable Zip-Slip.\n\n### Vulnerability\n\n#### Vulnerability 1: `Scanner.java`\n\nThere is no validation that the zip file being unpacked has entries that are not maliciously writing outside of the intended destination directory.\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/8c43e21094af971303131efd081503e5a112db4b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/Scanner.java#L335-L357\n\nThis zip archive is downloaded over HTTP instead of HTTPS, leaving it vulnerable to compromise in-flight.\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/8c43e21094af971303131efd081503e5a112db4b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/Scanner.java#L136\n\n##### Vulnerability 2: `TerminologyCacheManager.java`\n\n**Note:** While these links point to only one implementation, both implementations of `TerminologyCacheManager.java` are vulnerable to this as their code seems to be duplicated.\n - https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java\n - https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r4b/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r4b/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java\n\nWhile there is validation in this bit of logic that attempts to validate that the zip file doesn't contain malicious entries that escape the destination directory, the guard is insufficient.\n\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java#L97-L113\n\nThis is because the `Utilities.path(String... path)` method does not normalize the path, although it seems to be attempting to do so.\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/Utilities.java#L617-L675\n\nThe normalization only occurs if the path element starts with a path traversal payload. As an example, calling `Utilities.path(\"/base\", \"/child/../test\")` will return the string `\"/base/child/../test\"`.\n\nThis guard logic can, thus, be easily bypassed:\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java#L100-L104\n\nAssuming an attacker can control the return value of `ze.getName()`, they can supply a value like `/anything/../../../../zipsip-protection-bypass.txt`.\n\nSimilarly, an attacker can control the contents of the Zip file via a MITM attack as this logic is used with resources not downloaded over HTTPS.\n\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java#L66-L73\n\n\n### Patches\nUnknown\n\n### Workarounds\nUnknown\n\n### References\n\n - https://snyk.io/research/zip-slip-vulnerability","status":"published","published":"2023-01-23T22:05:28Z","modified":"2023-02-28T20:40:28Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:36:46.526285Z"},{"id":"GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg","title":" MITM based Zip Slip in `org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher`","description":"### Impact\nMITM can enable Zip-Slip.\n\n### Vulnerability\n\n#### Vulnerability 1: `Publisher.java`\n\nThere is no validation that the zip file being unpacked has entries that are not maliciously writing outside of the intended destination directory.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/Publisher.java#L3598-L3610\n\n#### Vulnerability 2: `WebSourceProvider.java`\n\nThere is a check for malicious zip entries here, but it is not covered by test cases and could potentially be reverted in future changes.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/web/WebSourceProvider.java#L104-L112\n\n#### Vulnerability 3: `ZipFetcher.java`\n\nThis retains the path for Zip files in FetchedFile entries, which could later be used to output malicious entries to another compressed file or file system.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/ZipFetcher.java#L57-L106\n\n#### Vulnerability 4: `IGPack2NpmConvertor.java`\n\nThe loadZip method retains the path for entries in the zip file, which could later be used to output malicious entries to another compressed file or file system.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/IGPack2NpmConvertor.java#L442-L463\n\n","status":"published","published":"2023-01-23T22:04:47Z","modified":"2023-01-23T22:04:48Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:36:14.033357Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-24057","description":"HL7 (Health Level 7) FHIR Core Libraries before 5.6.92 allow attackers to extract files into arbitrary directories via directory traversal from a crafted ZIP or TGZ archive (for a prepackaged terminology cache, NPM package, or comparison archive).","status":"published","published":"2023-01-26T21:18:15.96Z","modified":"2026-06-17T05:38:34.507Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"},{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:07:46.064662Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-24057","description":"HL7 (Health Level 7) FHIR Core Libraries before 5.6.92 allow attackers to extract files into arbitrary directories via directory traversal from a crafted ZIP or TGZ archive (for a prepackaged terminology cache, NPM package, or comparison archive).","status":"published","published":"2023-01-24T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:58.939513787Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:30.709518Z"},{"id":"GHSA-jqh6-9574-5x22","title":" MITM based Zip Slip in `ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.core`","description":"### Impact\n\nMITM can enable Zip-Slip.\n\n### Vulnerability\n\n#### Vulnerability 1: `Scanner.java`\n\nThere is no validation that the zip file being unpacked has entries that are not maliciously writing outside of the intended destination directory.\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/8c43e21094af971303131efd081503e5a112db4b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/Scanner.java#L335-L357\n\nThis zip archive is downloaded over HTTP instead of HTTPS, leaving it vulnerable to compromise in-flight.\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/8c43e21094af971303131efd081503e5a112db4b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/Scanner.java#L136\n\n##### Vulnerability 2: `TerminologyCacheManager.java`\n\n**Note:** While these links point to only one implementation, both implementations of `TerminologyCacheManager.java` are vulnerable to this as their code seems to be duplicated.\n - https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java\n - https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r4b/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r4b/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java\n\nWhile there is validation in this bit of logic that attempts to validate that the zip file doesn't contain malicious entries that escape the destination directory, the guard is insufficient.\n\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java#L97-L113\n\nThis is because the `Utilities.path(String... path)` method does not normalize the path, although it seems to be attempting to do so.\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/Utilities.java#L617-L675\n\nThe normalization only occurs if the path element starts with a path traversal payload. As an example, calling `Utilities.path(\"/base\", \"/child/../test\")` will return the string `\"/base/child/../test\"`.\n\nThis guard logic can, thus, be easily bypassed:\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java#L100-L104\n\nAssuming an attacker can control the return value of `ze.getName()`, they can supply a value like `/anything/../../../../zipsip-protection-bypass.txt`.\n\nSimilarly, an attacker can control the contents of the Zip file via a MITM attack as this logic is used with resources not downloaded over HTTPS.\n\nhttps://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/blob/f58b7acfb5e393cac52cc5bbb170bdb669c2880e/org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/terminologies/TerminologyCacheManager.java#L66-L73\n\n\n### Patches\nUnknown\n\n### Workarounds\nUnknown\n\n### References\n\n - https://snyk.io/research/zip-slip-vulnerability","status":"published","published":"2023-01-23T22:05:28Z","modified":"2026-07-08T06:49:50.912279683Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:50.687609Z"},{"id":"GHSA-xr8x-pxm6-prjg","title":" MITM based Zip Slip in `org.hl7.fhir.publisher:org.hl7.fhir.publisher`","description":"### Impact\nMITM can enable Zip-Slip.\n\n### Vulnerability\n\n#### Vulnerability 1: `Publisher.java`\n\nThere is no validation that the zip file being unpacked has entries that are not maliciously writing outside of the intended destination directory.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/Publisher.java#L3598-L3610\n\n#### Vulnerability 2: `WebSourceProvider.java`\n\nThere is a check for malicious zip entries here, but it is not covered by test cases and could potentially be reverted in future changes.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/web/WebSourceProvider.java#L104-L112\n\n#### Vulnerability 3: `ZipFetcher.java`\n\nThis retains the path for Zip files in FetchedFile entries, which could later be used to output malicious entries to another compressed file or file system.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/ZipFetcher.java#L57-L106\n\n#### Vulnerability 4: `IGPack2NpmConvertor.java`\n\nThe loadZip method retains the path for entries in the zip file, which could later be used to output malicious entries to another compressed file or file system.\n\nhttps://github.com/HL7/fhir-ig-publisher/blob/87313e92de6dd6cea816449e0edd225e054a7891/org.hl7.fhir.publisher.core/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/igtools/publisher/IGPack2NpmConvertor.java#L442-L463\n\n","status":"published","published":"2023-01-23T22:04:47Z","modified":"2026-07-08T06:53:02.952985381Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:47:00.198893Z"}]}}