{"id":"CVE-2023-25171","aliases":["EUVD-2023-0656","GHSA-7j9h-3jxf-3vrf","PYSEC-2026-836"],"status":"published","title":"Kiwi TCMS has denial of service vulnerability on Password reset page","description":"Kiwi TCMS, an open source test management system, does not impose rate limits in versions prior to 12.0. This makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. Users should upgrade to v12.0 or later to receive a patch. As potential workarounds, users may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.00916,"percentile":0.60604,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-770"],"published":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:57Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"kiwitcms","fixed_in":["12.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"kiwitcms","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"12.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"kiwitcms","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"12.0"}]}],"versions":["10.0","10.1","10.2","10.3","10.3.999","10.4","10.5","11.0","11.1","11.3","11.4","11.5","11.6","11.7","6.10","6.11","6.2.1","6.3","6.4","6.5","6.5.3","6.6","6.7","6.8","6.9","7.0","7.1","7.2","7.2.1","7.3","8.0","8.1","8.1.99","8.2","8.3","8.4","8.5","8.6","8.6.1","8.7","8.8","8.9","9.0","9.999"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"kiwitcms","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"12.0"}]}],"versions":["10.0","10.1","10.2","10.3","10.3.999","10.4","10.5","11.0","11.1","11.3","11.4","11.5","11.6","11.7","6.10","6.11","6.2.1","6.3","6.4","6.5","6.5.3","6.6","6.7","6.8","6.9","7.0","7.1","7.2","7.2.1","7.3","8.0","8.1","8.1.99","8.2","8.3","8.4","8.5","8.6","8.6.1","8.7","8.8","8.9","9.0","9.999"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"kiwitcms","product":"kiwi"},{"vendor":"kiwitcms","product":"kiwi_tcms"},{"vendor":"wpkube","product":"kiwi"}],"references":[{"url":"https://kiwitcms.org/blog/kiwi-tcms-team/2023/02/15/kiwi-tcms-120/","tags":["x_transferred","Release Notes","article"]},{"url":"https://huntr.dev/bounties/3b712cb6-3fa3-4f71-8562-7a7016c6262e","tags":["x_transferred","Permissions Required","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kiwitcms/Kiwi/security/advisories/GHSA-7j9h-3jxf-3vrf","tags":["x_transferred","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kiwitcms/Kiwi/commit/761305d04f5910ba14cc04d1255a8f1afdbb87f3","tags":["x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25171","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7j9h-3jxf-3vrf","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/25xxx/CVE-2023-25171.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kiwitcms/Kiwi","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://kiwitcms.org/blog/kiwi-tcms-team/2023/02/15/kiwi-tcms-120","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://pypi.org/project/kiwitcms","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25171","title":"Kiwi TCMS has denial of service vulnerability on Password reset page","description":"Kiwi TCMS, an open source test management system, does not impose rate limits in versions prior to 12.0. This makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. Users should upgrade to v12.0 or later to receive a patch. As potential workarounds, users may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.","status":"published","published":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","modified":"2025-03-10T21:11:05.64Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:19.959682Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-0656","description":"Kiwi TCMS, an open source test management system, does not impose rate limits in versions prior to 12.0. This makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. Users should upgrade to v12.0 or later to receive a patch. As potential workarounds, users may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.","status":"published","published":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","modified":"2025-03-10T21:11:05Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:53:09.197707Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-7j9h-3jxf-3vrf","title":"Denial of service vulnerability on Password reset page","description":"### Impact\nPrevious versions of Kiwi TCMS do not impose rate limits which makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. \n\n### Patches\nUsers should upgrade to v12.0 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\nUsers may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS such as Nginx and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.\n\n### References\n[Disclosed by Ahmed Rabeaa Mosaa](https://huntr.dev/bounties/3b712cb6-3fa3-4f71-8562-7a7016c6262e)\n","status":"published","published":"2023-02-15T18:10:38Z","modified":"2023-02-15T18:27:39Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:36:45.67005Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25171","description":"Kiwi TCMS, an open source test management system, does not impose rate limits in versions prior to 12.0. This makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. Users should upgrade to v12.0 or later to receive a patch. As potential workarounds, users may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.","status":"published","published":"2023-02-15T15:15:11.653Z","modified":"2026-06-17T05:40:50.103Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":5.9,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:07:46.811196Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25171","title":"Kiwi TCMS has denial of service vulnerability on Password reset page","description":"Kiwi TCMS, an open source test management system, does not impose rate limits in versions prior to 12.0. This makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. Users should upgrade to v12.0 or later to receive a patch. As potential workarounds, users may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.","status":"published","published":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:57.956821198Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:30.709518Z"},{"id":"GHSA-7j9h-3jxf-3vrf","title":"Denial of service vulnerability on Password reset page","description":"### Impact\nPrevious versions of Kiwi TCMS do not impose rate limits which makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. \n\n### Patches\nUsers should upgrade to v12.0 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\nUsers may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS such as Nginx and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.\n\n### References\n[Disclosed by Ahmed Rabeaa Mosaa](https://huntr.dev/bounties/3b712cb6-3fa3-4f71-8562-7a7016c6262e)\n","status":"published","published":"2023-02-15T18:10:38Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:49:52.030634944Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:41.002603Z"},{"id":"PYSEC-2026-836","title":"Denial of service vulnerability on Password reset page","description":"### Impact\nPrevious versions of Kiwi TCMS do not impose rate limits which makes it easier to attempt denial-of-service attacks against the Password reset page. An attacker could potentially send a large number of emails if they know the email addresses of users in Kiwi TCMS. Additionally that may strain SMTP resources. \n\n### Patches\nUsers should upgrade to v12.0 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\nUsers may install and configure a rate-limiting proxy in front of Kiwi TCMS such as Nginx and/or configure rate limits on their email server when possible.\n\n### References\n[Disclosed by Ahmed Rabeaa Mosaa](https://huntr.dev/bounties/3b712cb6-3fa3-4f71-8562-7a7016c6262e)\n","status":"published","published":"2026-07-07T10:17:27.666049Z","modified":"2026-07-07T11:46:04.756932888Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:52:58.117212Z"}]}}