{"id":"CVE-2023-25574","aliases":["EUVD-2023-29521","GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp","PYSEC-2025-120"],"status":"published","title":"JupyterHub's LTI13Authenticator: JWT signature not validated","description":"`jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` is a JupyterHub authenticator for learning tools interoperability (LTI). LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request. Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are affected. `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` version 1.4.0 removes LTI13Authenticator to address the issue. No known workarounds are available.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-09","score":0.00355,"percentile":0.29492,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-347"],"published":"2025-02-25T14:42:33Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:01Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator","fixed_in":["1.4.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"1.3.0"},{"last_affected":"1.3.0"},{"fixed":"1.4.0"}]}],"versions":["1.3.0"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"1.3.0"},{"fixed":"1.4.0"}]}],"versions":["1.3.0"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"1.3.0"}]}],"versions":["0.1","0.2","0.3","0.4.0","1.0.0","1.1.0","1.2.0","1.3.0"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"jupyter","product":"lti_jupyterhub_authenticator"},{"vendor":"jupyterhub","product":"ltiauthenticator"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/security/advisories/GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Product","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#140---2023-03-01","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Release Notes","web","advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25574","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator/PYSEC-2025-120.yaml","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/25xxx/CVE-2023-25574.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25574","title":"JupyterHub's LTI13Authenticator: JWT signature not validated","description":"`jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` is a JupyterHub authenticator for learning tools interoperability (LTI). LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request. Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are affected. `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` version 1.4.0 removes LTI13Authenticator to address the issue. No known workarounds are available.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T14:42:33.337Z","modified":"2025-02-25T14:51:02.754Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:19.559321Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-29521","description":"`jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` is a JupyterHub authenticator for learning tools interoperability (LTI). LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request. Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are affected. `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` version 1.4.0 removes LTI13Authenticator to address the issue. No known workarounds are available.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T14:42:33Z","modified":"2025-02-25T14:51:02Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:53:25.075327Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp","title":"LTI JupyterHub Authenticator does not properly validate JWT Signature","description":"### Impact\n\nOnly users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are influenced.\n\nLTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request granting access to existing and new user identities.\n\n### Patches\n\nNone.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone.\n\n### References\n\n- [This code segment](https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164) didn't validate a JWT signature.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T17:48:34Z","modified":"2026-06-05T17:54:07Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:17.745826Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25574","description":"`jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` is a JupyterHub authenticator for learning tools interoperability (LTI). LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request. Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are affected. `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` version 1.4.0 removes LTI13Authenticator to address the issue. No known workarounds are available.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T15:15:16.227Z","modified":"2026-06-17T05:41:31.437Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:09:20.080574Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25574","title":"JupyterHub's LTI13Authenticator: JWT signature not validated","description":"`jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` is a JupyterHub authenticator for learning tools interoperability (LTI). LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request. Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are affected. `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` version 1.4.0 removes LTI13Authenticator to address the issue. No known workarounds are available.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T14:42:33.337Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:01.327849247Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:30.709518Z"},{"id":"GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp","title":"LTI JupyterHub Authenticator does not properly validate JWT Signature","description":"### Impact\n\nOnly users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are influenced.\n\nLTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request granting access to existing and new user identities.\n\n### Patches\n\nNone.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone.\n\n### References\n\n- [This code segment](https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164) didn't validate a JWT signature.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T17:48:34Z","modified":"2026-06-05T18:00:13.856174005Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-347"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:51.811331Z"},{"id":"PYSEC-2025-120","description":"`jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` is a JupyterHub authenticator for learning tools interoperability (LTI). LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request. Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are affected. `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` version 1.4.0 removes LTI13Authenticator to address the issue. No known workarounds are available.","status":"published","published":"2025-02-25T15:15:16.227Z","modified":"2026-05-21T15:00:14.269578987Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:52:54.242332Z"}]}}