{"id":"CVE-2023-25823","aliases":["EUVD-2023-0088","GHSA-3x5j-9vwr-8rr5","PYSEC-2023-16"],"status":"published","title":"Gradio contains Use of Hard-coded Credentials","description":"Gradio is an open-source Python library to build machine learning and data science demos and web applications. Versions prior to 3.13.1 contain Use of Hard-coded Credentials. When using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`), a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. This issue is patched in version 3.13.1, however, users  are recommended to update to 3.19.1 or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00553,"percentile":0.46493,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-798"],"published":"2023-02-23T21:34:33Z","modified":"2026-11-09T10:45:10Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"gradio","fixed_in":["3.13.1"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"gradio","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.13.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"gradio","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.13.1"}]}],"versions":["0.1.0","0.1.1","0.1.2","0.1.3","0.1.4","0.1.5","0.1.6","0.1.7","0.1.8","0.1.9","0.2.0","0.2.1","0.3.0","0.3.1","0.3.2","0.3.3","0.3.4","0.3.5","0.4.0","0.4.1","0.4.2","0.4.4","0.5.0","0.7.0","0.7.1","0.7.2","0.7.3","0.7.4","0.7.5","0.7.6","0.7.7","0.7.8","0.8.0","0.8.1","0.9.0","0.9.1","0.9.2","0.9.3","0.9.4","0.9.5","0.9.6","0.9.7","0.9.8","0.9.9.2","0.9.9.3","0.9.9.5","0.9.9.6","0.9.9.7","0.9.9.8","0.9.9.9","0.9.9.9.2","1.0.0","1.0.0a1","1.0.0a3","1.0.0a4","1.0.1","1.0.2","1.0.3","1.0.4","1.0.5","1.0.6","1.0.7","1.1.0","1.1.1","1.1.2","1.1.3","1.1.4","1.1.5","1.1.6","1.1.8","1.1.8.1","1.1.9","1.2.2","1.2.3","1.3.0","1.3.1","1.3.2","1.4.0","1.4.2","1.4.3","1.4.4","1.5.0","1.5.1","1.5.3","1.5.4","1.6.0","1.6.1","1.6.2","1.6.3","1.6.4","1.7.0","1.7.1","1.7.2","1.7.3","1.7.4","1.7.5","1.7.6","1.7.7","2.0.0","2.0.1","2.0.10","2.0.2","2.0.4","2.0.5","2.0.6","2.0.7","2.0.8","2.0.9","2.1.0","2.1.1","2.1.2","2.1.4","2.1.6","2.1.7","2.2.0","2.2.1","2.2.10","2.2.11","2.2.12","2.2.13","2.2.14","2.2.15","2.2.2","2.2.3","2.2.4","2.2.5","2.2.6","2.2.7","2.2.8","2.2.9a0","2.2.9a2","2.3.0","2.3.0a0","2.3.0b101","2.3.0b102","2.3.0b99","2.3.3","2.3.4","2.3.5","2.3.5b0","2.3.6","2.3.7","2.3.7b0","2.3.7b1","2.3.7b2","2.3.8b0","2.3.9","2.4.0","2.4.0a0","2.4.1","2.4.2","2.4.4","2.4.5","2.4.6","2.4.7b0","2.4.7b2","2.4.7b3","2.4.7b4","2.4.7b5","2.4.7b6","2.4.7b7","2.4.7b8","2.4.7b9","2.5.0","2.5.1","2.5.2","2.5.3","2.5.8a0","2.6.0","2.6.1","2.6.1a0","2.6.1b0","2.6.1b3","2.6.2","2.6.3","2.6.4","2.6.4b0","2.6.4b2","2.6.4b3","2.7.0","2.7.0a101","2.7.0a102","2.7.0b70","2.7.5","2.7.5.1","2.7.5.2","2.7.5.2b0","2.8.0","2.8.0a100","2.8.0b0","2.8.0b10","2.8.0b12","2.8.0b2","2.8.0b20","2.8.0b22","2.8.0b3","2.8.0b4","2.8.0b5","2.8.0b6","2.8.1","2.8.10","2.8.11","2.8.12","2.8.13","2.8.14","2.8.2","2.8.3","2.8.4","2.8.5","2.8.6","2.8.7","2.8.8","2.8.9","2.9.0","2.9.0.1","2.9.0b0","2.9.0b1","2.9.0b10","2.9.0b2","2.9.0b3","2.9.0b5","2.9.0b6","2.9.0b7","2.9.0b8","2.9.0b9","2.9.1","2.9.2","2.9.3","2.9.4","2.9b11","2.9b12","2.9b13","2.9b14","2.9b15","2.9b20","2.9b21","2.9b22","2.9b23","2.9b24","2.9b25","2.9b26","2.9b27","2.9b28","2.9b30","2.9b31","2.9b32","2.9b33","2.9b40","2.9b48","2.9b50","3.0","3.0.1","3.0.10","3.0.10b16","3.0.10b2","3.0.11","3.0.11b1","3.0.12","3.0.13","3.0.13b100","3.0.13b13","3.0.13b15","3.0.14","3.0.15","3.0.16","3.0.17","3.0.18","3.0.18b0","3.0.19","3.0.19b0","3.0.19b1","3.0.19b2","3.0.1b120","3.0.1b121","3.0.1b300","3.0.2","3.0.20","3.0.20.dev0","3.0.21","3.0.22","3.0.23","3.0.23.dev1","3.0.24","3.0.25","3.0.26","3.0.3","3.0.4","3.0.5","3.0.6","3.0.6b1","3.0.6b2","3.0.6b3","3.0.7","3.0.8","3.0.8b1","3.0.9","3.0.9b10","3.0.9b11","3.0.9b20","3.0b0","3.0b1","3.0b10","3.0b2","3.0b5","3.0b6","3.0b8","3.0b9","3.1.0","3.1.1","3.1.2","3.1.3","3.1.3a0","3.1.3a2","3.1.3a3","3.1.3a4","3.1.3a5","3.1.4","3.1.4b0","3.1.4b1","3.1.4b2","3.1.4b3","3.1.4b4","3.1.4b5","3.1.5","3.1.5b1","3.1.5b10","3.1.5b2","3.1.5b3","3.1.5b4","3.1.5b5","3.1.5b7","3.1.5b8","3.1.5b9","3.1.6","3.1.6b1","3.1.7","3.1.8b0","3.1.8b2","3.1.8b3","3.1.8b4","3.1.8b6","3.10.0","3.10.1","3.11.0","3.12.0","3.12.0b1","3.12.0b2","3.12.0b3","3.12.0b6","3.12.0b7","3.13.0","3.13.0b1","3.13.1b0","3.13.1b1","3.13.1b2","3.2","3.2.1b0","3.2.1b1","3.2.1b2","3.3","3.3.1","3.3b0","3.3b1","3.4","3.4.1","3.4b0","3.4b1","3.4b2","3.4b3","3.4b5","3.5","3.6","3.6.0b1","3.6.0b10","3.6.0b2","3.6.0b3","3.6.0b7","3.7","3.8","3.8.1","3.8.1.dev1","3.8.2","3.8b1","3.8b2","3.9","3.9.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"gradio","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.13.1"}]}],"versions":["0.1.0","0.1.1","0.1.2","0.1.3","0.1.4","0.1.5","0.1.6","0.1.7","0.1.8","0.1.9","0.2.0","0.2.1","0.3.0","0.3.1","0.3.2","0.3.3","0.3.4","0.3.5","0.4.0","0.4.1","0.4.2","0.4.4","0.5.0","0.7.0","0.7.1","0.7.2","0.7.3","0.7.4","0.7.5","0.7.6","0.7.7","0.7.8","0.8.0","0.8.1","0.9.0","0.9.1","0.9.2","0.9.3","0.9.4","0.9.5","0.9.6","0.9.7","0.9.8","0.9.9.2","0.9.9.3","0.9.9.5","0.9.9.6","0.9.9.7","0.9.9.8","0.9.9.9","0.9.9.9.2","1.0.0","1.0.0a1","1.0.0a3","1.0.0a4","1.0.1","1.0.2","1.0.3","1.0.4","1.0.5","1.0.6","1.0.7","1.1.0","1.1.1","1.1.2","1.1.3","1.1.4","1.1.5","1.1.6",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Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25823","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/gradio/PYSEC-2023-16.yaml","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3x5j-9vwr-8rr5"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/25xxx/CVE-2023-25823.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25823","title":"Gradio contains Use of Hard-coded Credentials","description":"Gradio is an open-source Python library to build machine learning and data science demos and web applications. Versions prior to 3.13.1 contain Use of Hard-coded Credentials. When using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`), a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. This issue is patched in version 3.13.1, however, users  are recommended to update to 3.19.1 or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested. ","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T21:34:33.129Z","modified":"2025-03-10T21:06:29.065Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:19.559321Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-0088","description":"Gradio is an open-source Python library to build machine learning and data science demos and web applications. Versions prior to 3.13.1 contain Use of Hard-coded Credentials. When using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`), a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. This issue is patched in version 3.13.1, however, users  are recommended to update to 3.19.1 or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested. ","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T21:34:33Z","modified":"2025-03-10T21:06:29Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:53:09.715484Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-3x5j-9vwr-8rr5","title":"Update share links to use FRP instead of SSH tunneling","description":"### Impact\nThis is a vulnerability which affects anyone using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`) with Gradio versions older than 3.13.1. In these older versions of Gradio, a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. \n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been patched. Ideally, users should upgrade to `gradio==3.19.1` or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested. \n\n### Credit\nCredit to Greg Sadetsky and Samuel Tremblay-Cossette for alerting the team","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T22:10:19Z","modified":"2024-09-20T21:41:26Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L","level":"medium"},{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:38:05.526697Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25823","description":"Gradio is an open-source Python library to build machine learning and data science demos and web applications. Versions prior to 3.13.1 contain Use of Hard-coded Credentials. When using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`), a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. This issue is patched in version 3.13.1, however, users  are recommended to update to 3.19.1 or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested. ","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T22:15:11.58Z","modified":"2026-06-17T05:42:03.87Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:07:47.623983Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-25823","title":"Gradio contains Use of Hard-coded Credentials","description":"Gradio is an open-source Python library to build machine learning and data science demos and web applications. Versions prior to 3.13.1 contain Use of Hard-coded Credentials. When using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`), a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. This issue is patched in version 3.13.1, however, users  are recommended to update to 3.19.1 or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested. ","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T21:34:33.129Z","modified":"2026-11-09T10:45:10.625310579Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-09T10:53:57.550641Z"},{"id":"GHSA-3x5j-9vwr-8rr5","title":"Update share links to use FRP instead of SSH tunneling","description":"### Impact\nThis is a vulnerability which affects anyone using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`) with Gradio versions older than 3.13.1. In these older versions of Gradio, a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. \n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been patched. Ideally, users should upgrade to `gradio==3.19.1` or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested. \n\n### Credit\nCredit to Greg Sadetsky and Samuel Tremblay-Cossette for alerting the team","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T22:10:19Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:49:51.933952347Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L","level":"medium"},{"version":"4.0","score":6.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:36.092962Z"},{"id":"PYSEC-2023-16","description":"Gradio is an open-source Python library to build machine learning and data science demos and web applications. Versions prior to 3.13.1 contain Use of Hard-coded Credentials. When using Gradio's share links (i.e. creating a Gradio app and then setting `share=True`), a private SSH key is sent to any user that connects to the Gradio machine, which means that a user could access other users' shared Gradio demos. From there, other exploits are possible depending on the level of access/exposure the Gradio app provides. This issue is patched in version 3.13.1, however, users are recommended to update to 3.19.1 or later where the FRP solution has been properly tested.","status":"published","published":"2023-02-23T22:15:00Z","modified":"2023-11-08T04:11:56.117748Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:52:53.837392Z"}]}}