{"id":"CVE-2023-28626","aliases":["EUVD-2023-0947","GHSA-8hqf-xjwp-p67v"],"status":"published","title":"Quadratic runtime when parsing Markdown in comrak","description":"comrak is a CommonMark + GFM compatible Markdown parser and renderer written in rust. A range of quadratic parsing issues are present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown. This issue has been addressed in version 0.17.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-047`","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-09","score":0.0112,"percentile":0.6639,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-400"],"published":"2023-03-28T14:40:29Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:40Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"comrak","fixed_in":["0.17.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"comrak","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.17.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"comrak","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.17.0"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"comrak_project","product":"comrak"},{"vendor":"kivikakk","product":"comrak"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/kivikakk/comrak/security/advisories/GHSA-8hqf-xjwp-p67v","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kivikakk/comrak/commit/ce795b7f471b01589f842dc09af38b025701178d","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PTWZWCT7KCX2KTXTLPUYZ3EHOONG4X46/","tags":["x_transferred","web"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OUYME2VA555X6567H7ORIJQFN4BVGT6N/","tags":["x_transferred","web"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VQ3UBC7LE4VPCMZBTADIBL353CH7CPVV/","tags":["x_transferred","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/218","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/255","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/284","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/299","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/373","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/388","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/389","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/pull/232","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm/blob/c32ef78bae851cb83b7ad52d0fbff880acdcd44a/test/pathological_tests.py#L63-L65","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm/blob/c32ef78bae851cb83b7ad52d0fbff880acdcd44a/test/pathological_tests.py#L87-L89","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kivikakk/comrak/releases/tag/0.17.0","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28626","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8hqf-xjwp-p67v"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/28xxx/CVE-2023-28626.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/kivikakk/comrak","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OUYME2VA555X6567H7ORIJQFN4BVGT6N","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PTWZWCT7KCX2KTXTLPUYZ3EHOONG4X46","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VQ3UBC7LE4VPCMZBTADIBL353CH7CPVV","tags":["web"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-28626","title":"Quadratic runtime when parsing Markdown in comrak","description":"comrak is a CommonMark + GFM compatible Markdown parser and renderer written in rust. A range of quadratic parsing issues are present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown. This issue has been addressed in version 0.17.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-047`","status":"published","published":"2023-03-28T20:14:27.217Z","modified":"2025-02-18T19:03:27.555Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:32.752775Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-0947","description":"comrak is a CommonMark + GFM compatible Markdown parser and renderer written in rust. A range of quadratic parsing issues are present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown. This issue has been addressed in version 0.17.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-047`","status":"published","published":"2023-03-28T20:14:27Z","modified":"2025-02-18T19:03:27Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:53:28.492188Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-8hqf-xjwp-p67v","title":"Comrak vulnerable to quadratic runtime issues when parsing Markdown (GHSL-2023-047)","description":"### Impact\nA range of quadratic parsing issues from `cmark`/`cmark-gfm` are also present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown.\n\n### Patches\n0.17.0 contains fixes to known quadratic parsing issues.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nn/a\n\n### References\n\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/255\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/389\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/373\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/299\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/388\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/284\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/218\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/pull/232\n* https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm/blob/c32ef78bae851cb83b7ad52d0fbff880acdcd44a/test/pathological_tests.py#L63-L65\n* https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm/blob/c32ef78bae851cb83b7ad52d0fbff880acdcd44a/test/pathological_tests.py#L87-L89","status":"published","published":"2023-03-28T14:40:29Z","modified":"2023-05-01T13:39:13Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:36:52.310293Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-28626","description":"comrak is a CommonMark + GFM compatible Markdown parser and renderer written in rust. A range of quadratic parsing issues are present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown. This issue has been addressed in version 0.17.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-047`","status":"published","published":"2023-03-28T21:15:11.19Z","modified":"2026-06-17T05:48:25.207Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:07:51.883939Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-28626","title":"Quadratic runtime when parsing Markdown in comrak","description":"comrak is a CommonMark + GFM compatible Markdown parser and renderer written in rust. A range of quadratic parsing issues are present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown. This issue has been addressed in version 0.17.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-047`","status":"published","published":"2023-03-28T20:14:27.217Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:40.435710363Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:31.468318Z"},{"id":"GHSA-8hqf-xjwp-p67v","title":"Comrak vulnerable to quadratic runtime issues when parsing Markdown (GHSL-2023-047)","description":"### Impact\nA range of quadratic parsing issues from `cmark`/`cmark-gfm` are also present in Comrak. These can be used to craft denial-of-service attacks on services that use Comrak to parse Markdown.\n\n### Patches\n0.17.0 contains fixes to known quadratic parsing issues.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nn/a\n\n### References\n\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/255\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/389\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/373\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/299\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/388\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/284\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/issues/218\n* https://github.com/commonmark/cmark/pull/232\n* https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm/blob/c32ef78bae851cb83b7ad52d0fbff880acdcd44a/test/pathological_tests.py#L63-L65\n* https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm/blob/c32ef78bae851cb83b7ad52d0fbff880acdcd44a/test/pathological_tests.py#L87-L89","status":"published","published":"2023-03-28T14:40:29Z","modified":"2023-11-08T04:12:12.562387Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:42.437513Z"}]}}