{"id":"CVE-2023-33957","aliases":["EUVD-2023-1763","GHSA-9m3v-v4r5-ppx7","GO-2023-1829"],"status":"published","title":"Denial of service from high number of artifact signatures in notation","description":"notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a registry and added a high number of signatures to an artifact can cause denial of service of services on the machine, if a user runs notation inspect command on the same machine. The problem has been fixed in the release v1.0.0-rc.6. Users should upgrade their notation packages to v1.0.0-rc.6 or above. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may restrict container registries to a set of secure and trusted container registries.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":2.6,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"low","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00506,"percentile":0.43526,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-400"],"published":"2023-06-06T16:43:01Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:38Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation","fixed_in":["1.0.0-rc.6"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.0.0-rc.6"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.0.0-rc.6"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/notaryproject/notation","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.0.0-rc.6"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"notaryproject","product":"notation"},{"vendor":"notaryproject","product":"notation-go"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/security/advisories/GHSA-9m3v-v4r5-ppx7","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/commit/ed22fde52f6d70ae0b53521bd28c9ccafa868c24","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/releases/tag/v1.0.0-rc.6","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33957","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9m3v-v4r5-ppx7"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/33xxx/CVE-2023-33957.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/notaryproject/notation","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-33957","title":"Denial of service from high number of artifact signatures in notation","description":"notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a registry and added a high number of signatures to an artifact can cause denial of service of services on the machine, if a user runs notation inspect command on the same machine. The problem has been fixed in the release v1.0.0-rc.6. Users should upgrade their notation packages to v1.0.0-rc.6 or above. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may restrict container registries to a set of secure and trusted container registries.","status":"published","published":"2023-06-06T18:10:30.416Z","modified":"2024-08-02T15:54:14.164Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":2.6,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"low","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:34.170609Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-1763","description":"notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a registry and added a high number of signatures to an artifact can cause denial of service of services on the machine, if a user runs notation inspect command on the same machine. The problem has been fixed in the release v1.0.0-rc.6. Users should upgrade their notation packages to v1.0.0-rc.6 or above. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may restrict container registries to a set of secure and trusted container registries.","status":"published","published":"2023-06-06T18:10:30Z","modified":"2024-08-02T15:54:14Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":2.6,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T03:50:04.380287Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-9m3v-v4r5-ppx7","title":"Notation vulnerable to denial of service from high number of artifact signatures","description":"### Impact\nAn attacker who controls or compromises a registry can make the registry serve an infinite number of signatures for the artifact, causing a denial of service to the host machine running `notation verify`.\n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been fixed in the release [v1.0.0-rc.6](https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/releases/tag/v1.0.0-rc.6). Users should upgrade their notation packages to [v1.0.0-rc.6](https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/releases/tag/v1.0.0-rc.6) or above.\n\n### Workarounds\nUser should use secure and trusted container registries.\n\n### Credits\nThe `notation` project would like to thank Adam Korczynski (@AdamKorcz) for responsibly disclosing the issue found during an security audit (facilitated by OSTIF and sponsored by CNCF) and Shiwei Zhang (@shizhMSFT) for root cause analysis.","status":"published","published":"2023-06-06T16:43:01Z","modified":"2024-03-01T15:18:49Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:37:38.935144Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-33957","description":"notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a registry and added a high number of signatures to an artifact can cause denial of service of services on the machine, if a user runs notation inspect command on the same machine. The problem has been fixed in the release v1.0.0-rc.6. Users should upgrade their notation packages to v1.0.0-rc.6 or above. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may restrict container registries to a set of secure and trusted container registries.","status":"published","published":"2023-06-06T19:15:12.363Z","modified":"2026-06-17T06:02:35.973Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":2.6,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"low","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:08:05.329837Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-33957","title":"Denial of service from high number of artifact signatures in notation","description":"notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a registry and added a high number of signatures to an artifact can cause denial of service of services on the machine, if a user runs notation inspect command on the same machine. The problem has been fixed in the release v1.0.0-rc.6. Users should upgrade their notation packages to v1.0.0-rc.6 or above. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may restrict container registries to a set of secure and trusted container registries.","status":"published","published":"2023-06-06T18:10:30.416Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:38.623376325Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":2.6,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:32.116263Z"},{"id":"GHSA-9m3v-v4r5-ppx7","title":"Notation vulnerable to denial of service from high number of artifact signatures","description":"### Impact\nAn attacker who controls or compromises a registry can make the registry serve an infinite number of signatures for the artifact, causing a denial of service to the host machine running `notation verify`.\n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been fixed in the release [v1.0.0-rc.6](https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/releases/tag/v1.0.0-rc.6). Users should upgrade their notation packages to [v1.0.0-rc.6](https://github.com/notaryproject/notation/releases/tag/v1.0.0-rc.6) or above.\n\n### Workarounds\nUser should use secure and trusted container registries.\n\n### Credits\nThe `notation` project would like to thank Adam Korczynski (@AdamKorcz) for responsibly disclosing the issue found during an security audit (facilitated by OSTIF and sponsored by CNCF) and Shiwei Zhang (@shizhMSFT) for root cause analysis.","status":"published","published":"2023-06-06T16:43:01Z","modified":"2024-08-20T20:59:06.126002Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-400"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:43.875515Z"},{"id":"GO-2023-1829","title":"Notation vulnerable to denial of service from high number of artifact signatures in github.com/notaryproject/notation","description":"Notation vulnerable to denial of service from high number of artifact signatures in github.com/notaryproject/notation","status":"published","published":"2024-08-20T20:31:32Z","modified":"2026-03-03T04:53:47.535827Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:47:01.185262Z"}]}}