{"id":"CVE-2023-37466","aliases":["EUVD-2023-2028","GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2023-37466"],"status":"published","title":"vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability","description":"vm2 is an advanced vm/sandbox for Node.js. The library contains critical security issues and should not be used for production. The maintenance of the project has been discontinued. In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed with the `@@species` accessor property allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code, potentially allowing remote code execution inside the context of vm2 sandbox. Version 3.10.0 contains a patch for the issue.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.03867,"percentile":0.90337,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-94"],"published":"2023-07-13T17:02:02Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:24Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.10.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-aikido.11","3.9.17-aikido.12","3.9.17-aikido.4","3.9.17-aikido.13","3.9.17-aikido.5","3.9.17-aikido.6","3.9.17-aikido.7","3.9.17-aikido.8","3.9.17-aikido.9","3.9.17-aikido.10","3.9.7-aikido.5","3.9.7-aikido.6"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-root.io.3","3.9.17-root.io.11","3.9.17-root.io.12","3.9.17-root.io.4","3.9.17-root.io.13","3.9.17-root.io.5","3.9.17-root.io.6","3.9.17-root.io.7","3.9.17-root.io.8","3.9.17-root.io.9","3.9.17-root.io.10","3.9.7-root.io.5","3.9.7-root.io.6"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"3.9.19"},{"fixed":"3.10.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.10.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.12"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.4"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.13"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.6"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.10"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.6"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.12"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.4"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.13"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.6"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.10"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.6"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2"},{"vendor":"vm2_project","product":"vm2"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Exploit","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/d9a1fde8ec5a5a9c9e5a69bf91d703950859d744","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.10.0","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20241108-0002/","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37466","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://gist.github.com/leesh3288/f693061e6523c97274ad5298eb2c74e9","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230831-0007","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20241108-0002","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/37xxx/CVE-2023-37466.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-37466","title":"vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability","description":"vm2 is an advanced vm/sandbox for Node.js. The library contains critical security issues and should not be used for production. The maintenance of the project has been discontinued. In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed with the `@@species` accessor property allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code, potentially allowing remote code execution inside the context of vm2 sandbox. Version 3.10.0 contains a patch for the issue.","status":"published","published":"2023-07-13T23:17:51.434Z","modified":"2026-01-05T21:25:27.207Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:16.126506Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-2028","description":"vm2 is an advanced vm/sandbox for Node.js. The library contains critical security issues and should not be used for production. The maintenance of the project has been discontinued. In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed with the `@@species` accessor property allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code, potentially allowing remote code execution inside the context of vm2 sandbox. Version 3.10.0 contains a patch for the issue.","status":"published","published":"2023-07-13T23:17:51Z","modified":"2026-01-05T21:25:27Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T19:48:55.889439Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5","title":"vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability","description":"In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed, allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code.\n\n### Impact\nRemote Code Execution, assuming the attacker has arbitrary code execution primitive inside the context of vm2 sandbox.\n\n### Patches\nNone.\n\n### Workarounds\nNone.\n\n### References\nPoC - https://gist.github.com/leesh3288/f693061e6523c97274ad5298eb2c74e9\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n- Open an issue in [VM2](https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2)\n\nThanks to [Xion](https://twitter.com/0x10n) (SeungHyun Lee) of [KAIST Hacking Lab](https://kaist-hacking.github.io/) for disclosing this vulnerability.","status":"published","published":"2023-07-13T17:02:02Z","modified":"2026-01-05T21:25:40Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:39:15.106458Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-37466","description":"vm2 is an advanced vm/sandbox for Node.js. The library contains critical security issues and should not be used for production. The maintenance of the project has been discontinued. In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed with the `@@species` accessor property allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code, potentially allowing remote code execution inside the context of vm2 sandbox. Version 3.10.0 contains a patch for the issue.","status":"published","published":"2023-07-14T00:15:09.263Z","modified":"2026-06-17T06:08:16.437Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:08:15.91037Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-37466","title":"vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability","description":"vm2 is an advanced vm/sandbox for Node.js. The library contains critical security issues and should not be used for production. The maintenance of the project has been discontinued. In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed with the `@@species` accessor property allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code, potentially allowing remote code execution inside the context of vm2 sandbox. Version 3.10.0 contains a patch for the issue.","status":"published","published":"2023-07-13T23:17:51.434Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:24.626919043Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:32.510144Z"},{"id":"GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5","title":"vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability","description":"In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed, allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code.\n\n### Impact\nRemote Code Execution, assuming the attacker has arbitrary code execution primitive inside the context of vm2 sandbox.\n\n### Patches\nNone.\n\n### Workarounds\nNone.\n\n### References\nPoC - https://gist.github.com/leesh3288/f693061e6523c97274ad5298eb2c74e9\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n- Open an issue in [VM2](https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2)\n\nThanks to [Xion](https://twitter.com/0x10n) (SeungHyun Lee) of [KAIST Hacking Lab](https://kaist-hacking.github.io/) for disclosing this vulnerability.","status":"published","published":"2023-07-13T17:02:02Z","modified":"2026-02-03T03:14:11.294662Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:44.927642Z"},{"id":"ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2023-37466","title":"CVE-2023-37466 in vm2 - Patched by Root","description":"Root has patched CVE-2023-37466 in the vm2 package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-30T06:02:29Z","modified":"2026-09-30T07:15:10.403440597Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:27.362922Z"}]}}