{"id":"CVE-2023-44402","aliases":["EUVD-2023-3149","GHSA-7m48-wc93-9g85"],"status":"published","title":"ASAR Integrity bypass via filetype confusion in electron","description":"Electron is an open source framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. This only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` fuses enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS. Specifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `.app` bundle on macOS which these fuses are supposed to protect against. There are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.00207,"percentile":0.10916,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-345"],"published":"2023-12-01T21:32:06Z","modified":"2026-10-28T10:35:15Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","fixed_in":["22.3.24","24.8.3","25.8.1","26.2.1","27.0.0-alpha.7"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"22.3.24"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"24.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"24.8.3"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"25.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"25.8.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"26.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"26.2.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"27.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"27.0.0-alpha.7"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"23.0.0-alpha.1"},{"last_affected":"23.3.13"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"22.3.24"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"24.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"24.8.3"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"25.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"25.8.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"26.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"26.2.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"27.0.0-alpha.1"},{"fixed":"27.0.0-alpha.7"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"electron","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"23.0.0-alpha.1"},{"last_affected":"23.3.13"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"electron","product":"electron"},{"vendor":"electronjs","product":"electron"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/electron/electron/security/advisories/GHSA-7m48-wc93-9g85","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/39788","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Issue Tracking","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/tutorial/fuses","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Product","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44402","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7m48-wc93-9g85"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/44xxx/CVE-2023-44402.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/electron/electron","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-44402","title":"ASAR Integrity bypass via filetype confusion in electron","description":"Electron is an open source framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. This only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` fuses enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS. Specifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `.app` bundle on macOS which these fuses are supposed to protect against. There are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.","status":"published","published":"2023-12-01T21:45:18.379Z","modified":"2024-08-02T20:07:33.168Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-345"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:21.612665Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2023-3149","description":"Electron is an open source framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. This only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` fuses enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS. Specifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `.app` bundle on macOS which these fuses are supposed to protect against. There are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.","status":"published","published":"2023-12-01T21:45:18Z","modified":"2024-08-02T20:07:33Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T03:49:59.530903Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-7m48-wc93-9g85","title":"ASAR Integrity bypass via filetype confusion in electron","description":"### Impact\nThis only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` [fuses](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/tutorial/fuses) enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS.\n\nSpecifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `resources` folder in your app installation on Windows which these fuses are supposed to protect against.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.\n\n### Fixed Versions\n* `27.0.0-alpha.7`\n* `26.2.1`\n* `25.8.1`\n* `24.8.3`\n* `22.3.24`\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email us at [security@electronjs.org](mailto:security@electronjs.org)","status":"published","published":"2023-12-01T21:32:06Z","modified":"2024-09-18T20:13:42Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-345"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:38:04.690827Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-44402","description":"Electron is an open source framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. This only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` fuses enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS. Specifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `.app` bundle on macOS which these fuses are supposed to protect against. There are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.","status":"published","published":"2023-12-01T22:15:09.97Z","modified":"2026-06-17T06:27:34.587Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-345"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:08:52.544469Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-44402","title":"ASAR Integrity bypass via filetype confusion in electron","description":"Electron is an open source framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. This only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` fuses enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS. Specifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `.app` bundle on macOS which these fuses are supposed to protect against. There are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.","status":"published","published":"2023-12-01T21:45:18.379Z","modified":"2026-10-28T10:35:15.100675517Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-345"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:33.792101Z"},{"id":"GHSA-7m48-wc93-9g85","title":"ASAR Integrity bypass via filetype confusion in electron","description":"### Impact\nThis only impacts apps that have the `embeddedAsarIntegrityValidation` and `onlyLoadAppFromAsar` [fuses](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/tutorial/fuses) enabled.  Apps without these fuses enabled are not impacted.  This issue is specific to macOS as these fuses are only currently supported on macOS.\n\nSpecifically this issue can only be exploited if your app is launched from a filesystem the attacker has write access too.  i.e. the ability to edit files inside the `resources` folder in your app installation on Windows which these fuses are supposed to protect against.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere are no app side workarounds, you must update to a patched version of Electron.\n\n### Fixed Versions\n* `27.0.0-alpha.7`\n* `26.2.1`\n* `25.8.1`\n* `24.8.3`\n* `22.3.24`\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email us at [security@electronjs.org](mailto:security@electronjs.org)","status":"published","published":"2023-12-01T21:32:06Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:49:59.555264356Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-345"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:41.349637Z"}]}}