{"id":"CVE-2023-48220","aliases":["EUVD-2024-0744","GHSA-w3q8-m492-4pwp"],"status":"published","title":"Decidim's devise_invitable gem vulnerable to circumvention of invitation token expiry period","description":"Decidim is a participatory democracy framework. Starting in version 0.4.rc3 and prior to version 2.0.9 of the `devise_invitable` gem, the invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality. This issue creates vulnerable dependencies starting in version 0.0.1.alpha3 and prior to versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems. When using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited. The only check done is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period. Decidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected. The bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available. `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` and above fix this issue. Versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems contain this fix. As a workaround, invitations can be cancelled directly from the database.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00791,"percentile":0.56616,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-672"],"published":"2024-02-20T17:24:37Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:13Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim","fixed_in":["0.26.9","0.27.5"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-admin","fixed_in":["0.26.9","0.27.5"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-system","fixed_in":["0.26.9","0.27.5"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"devise_invitable","fixed_in":["2.0.9"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.1.alpha3"},{"fixed":"0.26.9"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-admin","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.1.alpha3"},{"fixed":"0.26.9"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-system","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.1.alpha3"},{"fixed":"0.26.9"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"devise_invitable","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.4.rc3"},{"fixed":"2.0.9"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.27.0"},{"fixed":"0.27.5"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-admin","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.27.0"},{"fixed":"0.27.5"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-system","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.27.0"},{"fixed":"0.27.5"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.1.alpha3"},{"fixed":"0.26.9"}]}],"versions":["0.0.1","0.0.1.alpha3","0.0.1.alpha4","0.0.1.alpha5","0.0.1.alpha6","0.0.1.alpha7","0.0.1.alpha8","0.0.1.alpha9","0.0.2","0.0.3","0.0.4","0.0.5","0.0.6","0.0.7","0.0.8.1","0.1.0","0.10.0","0.10.1","0.11.0.pre1","0.11.1","0.11.2","0.12.0","0.12.0.pre","0.12.1","0.12.2","0.13.0","0.13.0.pre1","0.13.1","0.14.1","0.14.2","0.14.3","0.14.4","0.15.0","0.15.1","0.15.2","0.16.0","0.16.1","0.17.0","0.17.1","0.17.2","0.18.0","0.18.1","0.19.0","0.19.1","0.2.0","0.20.0","0.20.1","0.21.0","0.22.0","0.23.0","0.23.1","0.23.1.rc1","0.23.2","0.23.3","0.23.4","0.23.5","0.23.6","0.24.0","0.24.0.rc1","0.24.0.rc2","0.24.1","0.24.2","0.24.3","0.25.0","0.25.0.rc1","0.25.0.rc2","0.25.0.rc3","0.25.0.rc4","0.25.1","0.25.2","0.26.0","0.26.0.rc2","0.26.1","0.26.2","0.26.3","0.26.4","0.26.5","0.26.7","0.26.8","0.3.0","0.3.1","0.3.2","0.4.0","0.4.1","0.4.2","0.4.3","0.4.4","0.5.0","0.5.1","0.6.0","0.6.1","0.6.2","0.6.3","0.6.4","0.6.5","0.6.6","0.6.7","0.6.8","0.7.0","0.7.1","0.7.2","0.7.3","0.7.4","0.8.0","0.8.1","0.8.2","0.8.3","0.8.4","0.9.0","0.9.1","0.9.2","0.9.3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-admin","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.1.alpha3"},{"fixed":"0.26.9"}]}],"versions":["0.0.1","0.0.1.alpha3","0.0.1.alpha4","0.0.1.alpha5","0.0.1.alpha6","0.0.1.alpha7","0.0.1.alpha8","0.0.1.alpha9","0.0.2","0.0.3","0.0.5","0.0.6","0.0.7","0.0.8.1","0.1.0","0.10.0","0.10.1","0.11.0.pre1","0.11.1","0.11.2","0.12.0","0.12.0.pre","0.12.1","0.12.2","0.13.0","0.13.0.pre1","0.13.1","0.14.1","0.14.2","0.14.3","0.14.4","0.15.0","0.15.1","0.15.2","0.16.0","0.16.1","0.17.0","0.17.1","0.17.2","0.18.0","0.18.1","0.19.0","0.19.1","0.2.0","0.20.0","0.20.1","0.21.0","0.22.0","0.23.0","0.23.1","0.23.1.rc1","0.23.2","0.23.3","0.23.4","0.23.5","0.23.6","0.24.0","0.24.0.rc1","0.24.0.rc2","0.24.1","0.24.2","0.24.3","0.25.0","0.25.0.rc1","0.25.0.rc2","0.25.0.rc3","0.25.0.rc4","0.25.1","0.25.2","0.26.0","0.26.0.rc1","0.26.0.rc2","0.26.1","0.26.2","0.26.3","0.26.4","0.26.5","0.26.7","0.26.8","0.3.0","0.3.1","0.3.2","0.4.0","0.4.1","0.4.2","0.4.3","0.4.4","0.5.0","0.5.1","0.6.0","0.6.1","0.6.2","0.6.3","0.6.4","0.6.5","0.6.6","0.6.7","0.6.8","0.7.0","0.7.1","0.7.2","0.7.3","0.7.4","0.8.0","0.8.1","0.8.2","0.8.3","0.8.4","0.9.0","0.9.1","0.9.2","0.9.3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"decidim-system","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.1.alpha3"},{"fixed":"0.26.9"}]}],"versions":["0.0.1","0.0.1.alpha3","0.0.1.alpha4","0.0.1.alpha5","0.0.1.alpha6","0.0.1.alpha7","0.0.1.alpha8","0.0.1.alpha9","0.0.2","0.0.3","0.0.5","0.0.6","0.0.7","0.0.8.1","0.1.0","0.10.0","0.10.1","0.11.0.pre1","0.11.1","0.11.2","0.12.0","0.12.0.pre","0.12.1","0.12.2","0.13.0","0.13.0.pre1","0.13.1","0.14.1","0.14.2","0.14.3","0.14.4","0.15.0","0.15.1","0.15.2","0.16.0","0.16.1","0.17.0","0.17.1","0.17.2","0.18.0","0.18.1","0.19.0","0.19.1"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Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim/commit/073e60e2e4224dd81815a784002ebba30f2ebb34","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim/commit/b12800717a689c295a9ea680a38ca9f823d2c454","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable/commit/94d859c7de0829bf63f679ae5dd3cab2b866a098","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim/blob/d2d390578050772d1bdb6d731395f1afc39dcbfc/decidim-core/config/initializers/devise.rb#L134","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Product","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim/releases/tag/v0.26.9","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Release Notes","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim/releases/tag/v0.27.5","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Release Notes","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim/releases/tag/v0.28.0","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Release Notes","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable/blob/41f58970ff76fb64382a9b9ea1bd530f7c3adab2/lib/devise_invitable/models.rb#L198","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Product","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-48220","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-w3q8-m492-4pwp"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/48xxx/CVE-2023-48220.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/decidim/decidim","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2023-48220","title":"Decidim's devise_invitable gem vulnerable to circumvention of invitation token expiry period","description":"Decidim is a participatory democracy framework. Starting in version 0.4.rc3 and prior to version 2.0.9 of the `devise_invitable` gem, the invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality. This issue creates vulnerable dependencies starting in version 0.0.1.alpha3 and prior to versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems. When using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited. The only check done is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period. Decidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected. The bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available. `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` and above fix this issue. Versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems contain this fix. As a workaround, invitations can be cancelled directly from the database.","status":"published","published":"2024-02-20T17:24:37.791Z","modified":"2025-04-24T15:04:40.243Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-672"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:35:25.866071Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2024-0744","description":"Decidim is a participatory democracy framework. Starting in version 0.4.rc3 and prior to version 2.0.9 of the `devise_invitable` gem, the invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality. This issue creates vulnerable dependencies starting in version 0.0.1.alpha3 and prior to versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems. When using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited. The only check done is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period. Decidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected. The bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available. `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` and above fix this issue. Versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems contain this fix. As a workaround, invitations can be cancelled directly from the database.","status":"published","published":"2024-02-20T17:24:37Z","modified":"2025-04-24T15:04:40Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:52:04.724433Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-w3q8-m492-4pwp","title":"Possibility to circumvent the invitation token expiry period","description":"### Impact\nThe invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality.\n\nWhen using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited as shown in this piece of code within the `devise_invitable` gem:\nhttps://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable/blob/41f58970ff76fb64382a9b9ea1bd530f7c3adab2/lib/devise_invitable/models.rb#L198\n\nThe only check done here is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period as explained in the gem's documentation:\nhttps://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable#model-configuration-\n\n\u003e `invite_for`: The period the generated invitation token is valid. After this period, the invited resource won’t be able to accept the invitation. When `invite_for` is `0` (the default), the invitation won’t expire.\n\nDecidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected:\nhttps://github.com/decidim/decidim/blob/d2d390578050772d1bdb6d731395f1afc39dcbfc/decidim-core/config/initializers/devise.rb#L134\n\nThe bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available.\n\n### Patches\nUpdate `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` or above by running the following command:\n\n```\n$ bundle update devise_invitable\n```\n\n### Workarounds\nThe invitations can be cancelled directly from the database by running the following command from the Rails console:\n\n```\n\u003e Decidim::User.invitation_not_accepted.update_all(invitation_token: nil)\n```\n\n### References\nOWASP ASVS V4.0.3-2.3.1\n\nThis bug has existed in the `devise_invitable` gem since this commit which was first included in the `v0.4.rc3` release of this gem:\nhttps://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable/commit/94d859c7de0829bf63f679ae5dd3cab2b866a098\n\nAll versions since then are affected.\n\nThis gem was first introduced at its version `~\u003e 1.7.0` to the `decidim-admin` gem in this commit which was first included in the `v0.0.1.alpha3` release of Decidim:\nhttps://github.com/decidim/decidim/commit/073e60e2e4224dd81815a784002ebba30f2ebb34\n\nIt was first introduced at its version `~\u003e 1.7.0` to the `decidim-system` gem in this commit which was also first included in the `v0.0.1.alpha3` release of Decidim:\nhttps://github.com/decidim/decidim/commit/b12800717a689c295a9ea680a38ca9f823d2c454\n\n### Credits\nThis issue was discovered in City of Helsinki's security audit against Decidim 0.27 done during September 2023. The security audit was implemented by [Deloitte Finland](https://www2.deloitte.com/fi/fi.html).","status":"published","published":"2024-02-20T19:26:51Z","modified":"2026-03-20T05:03:11Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-672"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:39:38.524712Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2023-48220","description":"Decidim is a participatory democracy framework. Starting in version 0.4.rc3 and prior to version 2.0.9 of the `devise_invitable` gem, the invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality. This issue creates vulnerable dependencies starting in version 0.0.1.alpha3 and prior to versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems. When using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited. The only check done is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period. Decidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected. The bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available. `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` and above fix this issue. Versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems contain this fix. As a workaround, invitations can be cancelled directly from the database.","status":"published","published":"2024-02-20T18:15:50.35Z","modified":"2026-06-17T06:33:46.06Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-672"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:09:07.077422Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2023-48220","title":"Decidim's devise_invitable gem vulnerable to circumvention of invitation token expiry period","description":"Decidim is a participatory democracy framework. Starting in version 0.4.rc3 and prior to version 2.0.9 of the `devise_invitable` gem, the invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality. This issue creates vulnerable dependencies starting in version 0.0.1.alpha3 and prior to versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems. When using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited. The only check done is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period. Decidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected. The bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available. `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` and above fix this issue. Versions 0.26.9, 0.27.5, and 0.28.0 of the `decidim,` `decidim-admin`, and `decidim-system` gems contain this fix. As a workaround, invitations can be cancelled directly from the database.","status":"published","published":"2024-02-20T17:24:37.791Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:13.47684424Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-672"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:34.72355Z"},{"id":"GHSA-w3q8-m492-4pwp","title":"Possibility to circumvent the invitation token expiry period","description":"### Impact\nThe invites feature allows users to accept the invitation for an unlimited amount of time through the password reset functionality.\n\nWhen using the password reset functionality, the `devise_invitable` gem always accepts the pending invitation if the user has been invited as shown in this piece of code within the `devise_invitable` gem:\nhttps://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable/blob/41f58970ff76fb64382a9b9ea1bd530f7c3adab2/lib/devise_invitable/models.rb#L198\n\nThe only check done here is if the user has been invited but the code does not ensure that the pending invitation is still valid as defined by the `invite_for` expiry period as explained in the gem's documentation:\nhttps://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable#model-configuration-\n\n\u003e `invite_for`: The period the generated invitation token is valid. After this period, the invited resource won’t be able to accept the invitation. When `invite_for` is `0` (the default), the invitation won’t expire.\n\nDecidim sets this configuration to `2.weeks` so this configuration should be respected:\nhttps://github.com/decidim/decidim/blob/d2d390578050772d1bdb6d731395f1afc39dcbfc/decidim-core/config/initializers/devise.rb#L134\n\nThe bug is in the `devise_invitable` gem and should be fixed there and the dependency should be upgraded in Decidim once the fix becomes available.\n\n### Patches\nUpdate `devise_invitable` to version `2.0.9` or above by running the following command:\n\n```\n$ bundle update devise_invitable\n```\n\n### Workarounds\nThe invitations can be cancelled directly from the database by running the following command from the Rails console:\n\n```\n\u003e Decidim::User.invitation_not_accepted.update_all(invitation_token: nil)\n```\n\n### References\nOWASP ASVS V4.0.3-2.3.1\n\nThis bug has existed in the `devise_invitable` gem since this commit which was first included in the `v0.4.rc3` release of this gem:\nhttps://github.com/scambra/devise_invitable/commit/94d859c7de0829bf63f679ae5dd3cab2b866a098\n\nAll versions since then are affected.\n\nThis gem was first introduced at its version `~\u003e 1.7.0` to the `decidim-admin` gem in this commit which was first included in the `v0.0.1.alpha3` release of Decidim:\nhttps://github.com/decidim/decidim/commit/073e60e2e4224dd81815a784002ebba30f2ebb34\n\nIt was first introduced at its version `~\u003e 1.7.0` to the `decidim-system` gem in this commit which was also first included in the `v0.0.1.alpha3` release of Decidim:\nhttps://github.com/decidim/decidim/commit/b12800717a689c295a9ea680a38ca9f823d2c454\n\n### Credits\nThis issue was discovered in City of Helsinki's security audit against Decidim 0.27 done during September 2023. The security audit was implemented by [Deloitte Finland](https://www2.deloitte.com/fi/fi.html).","status":"published","published":"2024-02-20T19:26:51Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:00.85141497Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-672"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:58.04805Z"}]}}