{"id":"CVE-2024-22423","aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2024-22423","EUVD-2024-1216","GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p","PYSEC-2026-2066","UBUNTU-CVE-2024-22423","openSUSE-SU-2024:13854-1"],"status":"published","title":"yt-dlp `--exec` command injection when using `%q` in yt-dlp on Windows","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":8.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.0143,"percentile":0.73388,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-78"],"published":"2024-04-09T17:22:58Z","modified":"2026-11-11T02:31:02Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["2024.04.09"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.20","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["0-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.21","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["0-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.22","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["0-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["0-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["0-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"openSUSE:Tumbleweed","package":"yt-dlp","fixed_in":["2024.04.09-1.1"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"2024.04.09"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.20","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"0-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.21","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"0-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.22","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"0-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"0-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"0-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"2024.04.09"}]}],"versions":["2021.10.10","2021.10.22","2021.10.9","2021.11.10","2021.11.10.1","2021.12.1","2021.12.25","2021.12.27","2021.4.11","2021.4.22","2021.5.11","2021.5.20","2021.6.1","2021.6.23","2021.6.8","2021.6.9","2021.7.21","2021.7.24","2021.7.7","2021.8.10","2021.8.2","2021.9.1","2021.9.2","2021.9.25","2022.1.21","2022.10.4","2022.11.11","2022.2.3","2022.2.4","2022.3.8","2022.3.8.1","2022.3.8.2","2022.4.8","2022.5.18","2022.6.22","2022.6.22.1","2022.6.29","2022.7.17","2022.7.18","2022.8.14","2022.8.19","2022.8.8","2022.9.1","2023.1.2","2023.1.6","2023.10.13","2023.10.7","2023.11.13.232715.dev0","2023.11.13.5826.dev0","2023.11.14","2023.11.15.232826.dev0","2023.11.16","2023.11.16.232727.dev0","2023.11.18.232705.dev0","2023.11.19.232719.dev0","2023.11.20.232729.dev0","2023.11.26.232703.dev0","2023.11.28.232715.dev0","2023.11.29.232714.dev0","2023.12.12.232727.dev0","2023.12.13.232710.dev0","2023.12.17.232710.dev0","2023.12.18.232711.dev0","2023.12.19.232701.dev0","2023.12.20.232717.dev0","2023.12.21.232720.dev0","2023.12.22.232735.dev0","2023.12.24.232657.dev0","2023.12.26.232752.dev0","2023.12.30","2023.12.30.232719.dev0","2023.12.31.232713.dev0","2023.12.5.232702.dev0","2023.12.6.232721.dev0","2023.2.17","2023.3.3","2023.3.4","2023.6.21","2023.6.22","2023.7.6","2023.9.24","2024.1.14.232710.dev0","2024.1.18.232658.dev0","2024.1.19.232708.dev0","2024.1.2.232714.dev0","2024.1.20.232722.dev0","2024.1.21.232719.dev0","2024.1.22.232713.dev0","2024.1.23.232723.dev0","2024.1.28.232706.dev0","2024.1.29.232706.dev0","2024.1.31.232703.dev0","2024.1.5.232702.dev0","2024.1.8.232709.dev0","2024.1.9.232723.dev0","2024.2.13.232701.dev0","2024.2.14.232704.dev0","2024.2.15.232705.dev0","2024.2.16.232705.dev0","2024.2.17.232706.dev0","2024.2.18.232707.dev0","2024.2.19.232703.dev0","2024.2.2.232707.dev0","2024.2.20.232712.dev0","2024.2.21.232721.dev0","2024.2.22.232849.dev0","2024.2.23.232656.dev0","2024.2.24.232815.dev0","2024.2.25.232703.dev0","2024.2.28.232744.dev0","2024.2.29.232658.dev0","2024.2.3.232712.dev0","2024.2.4.232659.dev0","2024.2.5.232712.dev0","2024.2.9.232659.dev0","2024.3.10","2024.3.10.232703.dev0","2024.3.14.232657.dev0","2024.3.17.232657.dev0","2024.3.18.232707.dev0","2024.3.19.232701.dev0","2024.3.2.232720.dev0","2024.3.20.232704.dev0","2024.3.22.232703.dev0","2024.3.29.232706.dev0","2024.3.3.232706.dev0","2024.3.30.232704.dev0","2024.3.31.232706.dev0","2024.3.4.232716.dev0","2024.3.6.232659.dev0","2024.3.7.232716.dev0","2024.3.8.232718.dev0","2024.3.9.232714.dev0","2024.4.1.232704.dev0","2024.4.3.233315.dev0","2024.4.4.232729.dev0","2024.4.6.232655.dev0","2024.4.7.232657.dev0","2024.4.8.232708.dev0"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"yt-dlp","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2021.04.11"},{"fixed":"2024.04.09"}]}],"versions":["2021.10.10","2021.10.22","2021.10.9","2021.11.10","2021.11.10.1","2021.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Advisory","advisory","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/security/advisories/GHSA-42h4-v29r-42qg","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Not Applicable","advisory","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/de015e930747165dbb8fcd360f8775fd973b7d6e","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ff07792676f404ffff6ee61b5638c9dc1a33a37a","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2021.04.11","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Product","Release Notes","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2024.04.09","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Product","Release Notes","web","report"]},{"url":"https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/123335","tags":["x_transferred","Third Party Advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22423","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2024-22423","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2024/22xxx/CVE-2024-22423.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2024-22423","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-22423","tags":["report"]},{"url":"","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-22423","tags":["web"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2024-22423","title":"yt-dlp `--exec` command injection when using `%q` in yt-dlp on Windows","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","status":"published","published":"2024-04-09T17:22:58.751Z","modified":"2025-02-13T17:33:45.7Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-78"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:34:00.254134Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2024-1216","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","status":"published","published":"2024-04-09T17:22:58Z","modified":"2025-02-13T17:33:45Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T00:03:47.088299Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p","title":"yt-dlp: `--exec` command injection when using `%q` in yt-dlp on Windows (Bypass of CVE-2023-40581)","description":"### Summary\nThe [patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/de015e930747165dbb8fcd360f8775fd973b7d6e) attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes.\nHowever, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables.\n\nSupport for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version [2021.04.11](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2021.04.11).\n\n```cmd\n\u003e yt-dlp \"https://youtu.be/42xO6rVqf2E\" --ignore-config -f 18 --exec \"echo %(title)q\"\n[youtube] Extracting URL: https://youtu.be/42xO6rVqf2E\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading webpage\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading ios player API JSON\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading android player API JSON\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading m3u8 information\n[info] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading 1 format(s): 18\n[download] Destination: %CMDCMDLINE：~-1%\u0026echo pwned\u0026calc.exe [42xO6rVqf2E].mp4\n[download] 100% of  126.16KiB in 00:00:00 at 2.46MiB/s\n[Exec] Executing command: echo \"%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%\u0026echo pwned\u0026calc.exe\"\n\"\"\npwned\n```\n\n### Patches\nyt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent.\n\n### Workarounds\nIt is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous.\n\nFor Windows users who are not able to upgrade:\n- Avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath).\n- If expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `%`, `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`.\n- Instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.\n\n### Details\nWhen escaping variables, the following code is used for Windows.\n[`yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py` line 31-33](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/8e6e3651727b0b85764857fc6329fe5e0a3f00de/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py#L31-L33)\n```python\n    def compat_shlex_quote(s):\n        import re\n        return s if re.match(r'^[-_\\w./]+$', s) else s.replace('\"', '\"\"').join('\"\"')\n```\nIt replaces `\"` with `\"\"` to balance out the quotes and keep quoting intact if non-allowed characters are included. However, the `%CMDCMDLINE%` variable can be used to generate a quote using `%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%`; since the value of `%CMDCMDLINE%` is the commandline with which `cmd.exe` was called, and it is always called with the command surrounded by quotes, `%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%` expands to `\"`. After the quotes have been unbalanced, special characters are no longer quoted and commands can be executed:\n```cmd\n%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%\u0026calc.exe\n```\n\n### References\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/security/advisories/GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p\n- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22423\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2024.04.09\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ff07792676f404ffff6ee61b5638c9dc1a33a37a","status":"published","published":"2024-04-10T17:07:09Z","modified":"2024-04-20T05:05:54Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-78"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:37:43.62603Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2024-22423","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","status":"published","published":"2024-04-09T18:15:08.15Z","modified":"2026-06-17T07:11:23.013Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-78"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:09:49.255123Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2024-22423","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","status":"published","published":"2024-04-09T18:15:08.15Z","modified":"2026-11-03T06:32:45.453216965Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T07:17:02.90744Z"},{"id":"CVE-2024-22423","title":"yt-dlp `--exec` command injection when using `%q` in yt-dlp on Windows","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","status":"published","published":"2024-04-09T17:22:58.751Z","modified":"2026-11-11T10:30:54.198322127Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-78"],"updated_at":"2026-11-11T02:50:43.46164Z"},{"id":"GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p","title":"yt-dlp: `--exec` command injection when using `%q` in yt-dlp on Windows (Bypass of CVE-2023-40581)","description":"### Summary\nThe [patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/de015e930747165dbb8fcd360f8775fd973b7d6e) attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes.\nHowever, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables.\n\nSupport for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version [2021.04.11](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2021.04.11).\n\n```cmd\n\u003e yt-dlp \"https://youtu.be/42xO6rVqf2E\" --ignore-config -f 18 --exec \"echo %(title)q\"\n[youtube] Extracting URL: https://youtu.be/42xO6rVqf2E\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading webpage\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading ios player API JSON\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading android player API JSON\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading m3u8 information\n[info] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading 1 format(s): 18\n[download] Destination: %CMDCMDLINE：~-1%\u0026echo pwned\u0026calc.exe [42xO6rVqf2E].mp4\n[download] 100% of  126.16KiB in 00:00:00 at 2.46MiB/s\n[Exec] Executing command: echo \"%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%\u0026echo pwned\u0026calc.exe\"\n\"\"\npwned\n```\n\n### Patches\nyt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent.\n\n### Workarounds\nIt is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous.\n\nFor Windows users who are not able to upgrade:\n- Avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath).\n- If expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `%`, `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`.\n- Instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.\n\n### Details\nWhen escaping variables, the following code is used for Windows.\n[`yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py` line 31-33](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/8e6e3651727b0b85764857fc6329fe5e0a3f00de/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py#L31-L33)\n```python\n    def compat_shlex_quote(s):\n        import re\n        return s if re.match(r'^[-_\\w./]+$', s) else s.replace('\"', '\"\"').join('\"\"')\n```\nIt replaces `\"` with `\"\"` to balance out the quotes and keep quoting intact if non-allowed characters are included. However, the `%CMDCMDLINE%` variable can be used to generate a quote using `%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%`; since the value of `%CMDCMDLINE%` is the commandline with which `cmd.exe` was called, and it is always called with the command surrounded by quotes, `%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%` expands to `\"`. After the quotes have been unbalanced, special characters are no longer quoted and commands can be executed:\n```cmd\n%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%\u0026calc.exe\n```\n\n### References\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/security/advisories/GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p\n- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22423\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2024.04.09\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ff07792676f404ffff6ee61b5638c9dc1a33a37a","status":"published","published":"2024-04-10T17:07:09Z","modified":"2026-07-07T17:56:52.552705416Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-78"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:49.28217Z"},{"id":"PYSEC-2026-2066","title":"yt-dlp: `--exec` command injection when using `%q` in yt-dlp on Windows (Bypass of CVE-2023-40581)","description":"### Summary\nThe [patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/de015e930747165dbb8fcd360f8775fd973b7d6e) attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes.\nHowever, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables.\n\nSupport for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version [2021.04.11](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2021.04.11).\n\n```cmd\n\u003e yt-dlp \"https://youtu.be/42xO6rVqf2E\" --ignore-config -f 18 --exec \"echo %(title)q\"\n[youtube] Extracting URL: https://youtu.be/42xO6rVqf2E\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading webpage\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading ios player API JSON\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading android player API JSON\n[youtube] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading m3u8 information\n[info] 42xO6rVqf2E: Downloading 1 format(s): 18\n[download] Destination: %CMDCMDLINE：~-1%\u0026echo pwned\u0026calc.exe [42xO6rVqf2E].mp4\n[download] 100% of  126.16KiB in 00:00:00 at 2.46MiB/s\n[Exec] Executing command: echo \"%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%\u0026echo pwned\u0026calc.exe\"\n\"\"\npwned\n```\n\n### Patches\nyt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent.\n\n### Workarounds\nIt is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous.\n\nFor Windows users who are not able to upgrade:\n- Avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath).\n- If expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `%`, `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`.\n- Instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.\n\n### Details\nWhen escaping variables, the following code is used for Windows.\n[`yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py` line 31-33](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/8e6e3651727b0b85764857fc6329fe5e0a3f00de/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py#L31-L33)\n```python\n    def compat_shlex_quote(s):\n        import re\n        return s if re.match(r'^[-_\\w./]+$', s) else s.replace('\"', '\"\"').join('\"\"')\n```\nIt replaces `\"` with `\"\"` to balance out the quotes and keep quoting intact if non-allowed characters are included. However, the `%CMDCMDLINE%` variable can be used to generate a quote using `%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%`; since the value of `%CMDCMDLINE%` is the commandline with which `cmd.exe` was called, and it is always called with the command surrounded by quotes, `%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%` expands to `\"`. After the quotes have been unbalanced, special characters are no longer quoted and commands can be executed:\n```cmd\n%CMDCMDLINE:~-1%\u0026calc.exe\n```\n\n### References\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/security/advisories/GHSA-hjq6-52gw-2g7p\n- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22423\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/2024.04.09\n- https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ff07792676f404ffff6ee61b5638c9dc1a33a37a","status":"published","published":"2026-07-07T11:45:37.839656Z","modified":"2026-07-07T17:47:49.31242995Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:52:55.537808Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2024-22423","description":"yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes. The patch that addressed CVE-2023-40581 attempted to prevent RCE when using `--exec` with `%q` by replacing double quotes with two double quotes. However, this escaping is not sufficient, and still allows expansion of environment variables. Support for output template expansion in `--exec`, along with this vulnerable behavior, was added to `yt-dlp` in version 2021.04.11. yt-dlp version 2024.04.09 fixes this issue by properly escaping `%`. It replaces them with `%%cd:~,%`, a variable that expands to nothing, leaving only the leading percent. It is recommended to upgrade yt-dlp to version 2024.04.09 as soon as possible. Also, always be careful when using `--exec`, because while this specific vulnerability has been patched, using unvalidated input in shell commands is inherently dangerous. For Windows users who are not able to upgrade, avoid using any output template expansion in `--exec` other than `{}` (filepath); if expansion in `--exec` is needed, verify the fields you are using do not contain `\"`, `|` or `\u0026`; and/or instead of using `--exec`, write the info json and load the fields from it instead.","status":"published","published":"2024-04-09T18:15:00Z","modified":"2026-10-17T12:56:30.08428901Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:54:42.68848Z"},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2024:13854-1","title":"python310-yt-dlp-2024.04.09-1.1 on GA media","description":"These are all security issues fixed in the python310-yt-dlp-2024.04.09-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.","status":"published","published":"2024-06-15T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-02-04T03:06:14.148422Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:36.662953Z"}]}}