{"id":"CVE-2024-36400","aliases":["EUVD-2024-2004","GHSA-2hfw-w739-p7x5","GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94","RUSTSEC-2024-0343"],"status":"published","title":"nano-id is unable to generate the correct character set","description":"nano-id is a unique string ID generator for Rust. Affected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified. It should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability. This can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers. The vulnerability is fixed in 0.4.0.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.00754,"percentile":0.5553,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-331"],"published":"2024-06-03T12:00:00Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:26Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"nano-id","fixed_in":["0.4.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"nano-id","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.4.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"nano-id","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.4.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"crates.io","package":"nano-id","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0.0.0-0"},{"fixed":"0.4.0"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"viz","product":"nano_id"},{"vendor":"viz-rs","product":"nano-id"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/security/advisories/GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","x_transferred","Exploit","Patch","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/commit/a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_transferred","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2024-0343.html","tags":["web","advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2hfw-w739-p7x5"},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36400","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2024/36xxx/CVE-2024-36400.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://crates.io/crates/nano-id","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2024-36400","title":"nano-id is unable to generate the correct character set","description":"nano-id is a unique string ID generator for Rust. Affected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified. It should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability. This can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers. The vulnerability is fixed in 0.4.0.","status":"published","published":"2024-06-04T14:11:26.945Z","modified":"2024-08-02T03:37:05.234Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:34:14.985673Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2024-2004","description":"nano-id is a unique string ID generator for Rust. Affected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified. It should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability. This can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers. The vulnerability is fixed in 0.4.0.","status":"published","published":"2024-06-04T14:11:26Z","modified":"2024-08-02T03:37:05Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T03:50:20.360548Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-2hfw-w739-p7x5","title":"Duplicate Advisory: nano-id reduced entropy due to inadequate character set usage","description":"## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\n## Description\n\nAffected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified.\n\nIt should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe flaws were corrected in commit [a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23](https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/commit/a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23) by updating the the `nano_id::gen` macro to use all specified characters correctly.\n\n## PoC\n\n```rust\nuse std::collections::BTreeSet;\n\nfn main() {\n    test_base58();\n    test_base62();\n}\n\nfn test_base58() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\nid = \"RUSTSEC-2024-0343\"\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base58\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n\nfn test_base62() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\nid = \"RUSTSEC-2024-0343\"\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base62\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n```","status":"withdrawn","published":"2024-06-04T17:49:18Z","modified":"2026-02-02T22:27:08Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:39:21.558748Z"},{"id":"GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94","title":"Unable to generate the correct character set","description":"# Reduced entropy due to inadequate character set usage\n\n## Description\n\nAffected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified.\n\nIt should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe flaws were corrected in commit [a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23](https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/commit/a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23) by updating the the `nano_id::gen` macro to use all specified characters correctly.\n\n## PoC\n\n```rust\nuse std::collections::BTreeSet;\n\nfn main() {\n    test_base58();\n    test_base62();\n}\n\nfn test_base58() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\n        let id = nano_id::base58::\u003c10\u003e();\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base58\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n\nfn test_base62() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\n        let id = nano_id::base62::\u003c10\u003e();\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base62\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n```","status":"published","published":"2024-06-04T18:40:34Z","modified":"2024-06-17T15:09:51Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:37:54.624184Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2024-36400","description":"nano-id is a unique string ID generator for Rust. Affected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified. It should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability. This can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers. The vulnerability is fixed in 0.4.0.","status":"published","published":"2024-06-04T15:15:46.98Z","modified":"2026-06-17T07:36:38.703Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:10:03.465199Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2024-36400","title":"nano-id is unable to generate the correct character set","description":"nano-id is a unique string ID generator for Rust. Affected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified. It should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability. This can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers. The vulnerability is fixed in 0.4.0.","status":"published","published":"2024-06-04T14:11:26.945Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:26.76078999Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:40.704083Z"},{"id":"GHSA-2hfw-w739-p7x5","title":"Duplicate Advisory: nano-id reduced entropy due to inadequate character set usage","description":"## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\n## Description\n\nAffected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified.\n\nIt should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe flaws were corrected in commit [a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23](https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/commit/a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23) by updating the the `nano_id::gen` macro to use all specified characters correctly.\n\n## PoC\n\n```rust\nuse std::collections::BTreeSet;\n\nfn main() {\n    test_base58();\n    test_base62();\n}\n\nfn test_base58() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\nid = \"RUSTSEC-2024-0343\"\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base58\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n\nfn test_base62() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\nid = \"RUSTSEC-2024-0343\"\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base62\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n```","status":"withdrawn","published":"2024-06-04T17:49:18Z","modified":"2026-02-03T17:49:49.768648Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:34.338541Z"},{"id":"GHSA-9hc7-6w9r-wj94","title":"Unable to generate the correct character set","description":"# Reduced entropy due to inadequate character set usage\n\n## Description\n\nAffected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified.\n\nIt should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe flaws were corrected in commit [a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23](https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/commit/a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23) by updating the the `nano_id::gen` macro to use all specified characters correctly.\n\n## PoC\n\n```rust\nuse std::collections::BTreeSet;\n\nfn main() {\n    test_base58();\n    test_base62();\n}\n\nfn test_base58() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\n        let id = nano_id::base58::\u003c10\u003e();\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base58\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n\nfn test_base62() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\n        let id = nano_id::base62::\u003c10\u003e();\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base62\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n```","status":"published","published":"2024-06-04T18:40:34Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:15.085122155Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-331"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:43.875515Z"},{"id":"RUSTSEC-2024-0343","title":"Reduced entropy due to inadequate character set usage","description":"## Description\n\nAffected versions of the nano-id crate incorrectly generated IDs using a reduced character set in the `nano_id::base62` and `nano_id::base58` functions. Specifically, the `base62` function used a character set of 32 symbols instead of the intended 62 symbols, and the `base58` function used a character set of 16 symbols instead of the intended 58 symbols. Additionally, the `nano_id::gen` macro is also affected when a custom character set that is not a power of 2 in size is specified.\n\nIt should be noted that `nano_id::base64` is not affected by this vulnerability.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis can result in a significant reduction in entropy, making the generated IDs predictable and vulnerable to brute-force attacks when the IDs are used in security-sensitive contexts such as session tokens or unique identifiers.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe flaws were corrected in commit [a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23](https://github.com/viz-rs/nano-id/commit/a9022772b2f1ce38929b5b81eccc670ac9d3ab23) by updating the the `nano_id::gen` macro to use all specified characters correctly.\n\n## PoC\n\n```rust\nuse std::collections::BTreeSet;\n\nfn main() {\n    test_base58();\n    test_base62();\n}\n\nfn test_base58() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\nid = \"RUSTSEC-2024-0343\"\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base58\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n\nfn test_base62() {\n    let mut produced_symbols = BTreeSet::new();\n\n    for _ in 0..100_000 {\nid = \"RUSTSEC-2024-0343\"\n        for c in id.chars() {\n            produced_symbols.insert(c);\n        }\n    }\n\n    println!(\n        \"{} symbols generated from nano_id::base62\",\n        produced_symbols.len()\n    );\n}\n```","status":"published","published":"2024-06-03T12:00:00Z","modified":"2024-06-15T13:27:23.912492Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:39.971022Z"}]}}