{"id":"CVE-2025-12888","aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2025-12888","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-12888","EUVD-2025-198523","GHSA-xmgq-3783-qgm4","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-12888"],"status":"published","title":"Constant Time Issue with Xtensa-based ESP32 and X22519","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00307,"percentile":0.23863,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-203"],"published":"2025-11-21T22:50:30Z","modified":"2026-11-03T06:32:13Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","package":"wolfssl","fixed_in":["5.9.1-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","package":"wolfssl","fixed_in":["5.8.4-r0"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"5.9.1-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"5.8.4-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.5.4-2","5.5.4-2+deb12u1","5.5.4-2+deb12u2","5.5.4-2+deb12u3","5.5.4-2.1","5.6.4-1","5.6.4-2","5.6.6-1","5.6.6-1.1","5.6.6-1.2","5.6.6-1.3","5.6.6-1.3~exp1","5.7.0-0.1","5.7.0-0.2","5.7.0-0.3","5.7.2-0.1","5.7.2-0.2","5.7.2-0.3","5.7.2-0.4","5.8.2-1","5.8.2-1.1","5.8.2-1.2","5.8.4-1","5.9.0-0.1","5.9.0-0.2","5.9.1-0.1","5.9.2-1","5.9.2-1.1","5.9.2-1.2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.7.2-0.1","5.7.2-0.1+deb13u1","5.7.2-0.1+deb13u2","5.7.2-0.2","5.7.2-0.3","5.7.2-0.4","5.8.2-1","5.8.2-1.1","5.8.2-1.2","5.8.4-1","5.9.0-0.1","5.9.0-0.2","5.9.1-0.1","5.9.2-1","5.9.2-1.1","5.9.2-1.2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:16.04:LTS","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["3.4.8+dfsg-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:18.04:LTS","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["3.10.2+dfsg-2","3.12.0+dfsg-1","3.12.2+dfsg-1","3.13.0+dfsg-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:20.04:LTS","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["4.1.0+dfsg-2","4.2.0+dfsg-1","4.2.0+dfsg-2","4.2.0+dfsg-3","4.3.0+dfsg-2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:22.04:LTS","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["4.6.0-3","5.0.0-1","5.1.1-1","5.2.0-1","5.2.0-2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.5.4-2","5.5.4-2.1","5.6.4-2","5.6.6-1.2","5.6.6-1.3","5.6.6-1.3build1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:25.10","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.7.2-0.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.10","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.9.1-0.1","5.9.2-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.04:LTS","package":"wolfssl","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.7.2-0.1","5.8.2-1.2","5.8.4-1","5.9.1-0.1"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"wolfssl","product":"wolfssl"}],"references":[{"url":"https://https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9275","tags":["Broken Link","web","report"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12888","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xmgq-3783-qgm4"},{"url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-12888","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/12xxx/CVE-2025-12888.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-12888","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-12888","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12888","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9275","tags":["report"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-12888","title":"Constant Time Issue with Xtensa-based ESP32 and X22519","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T22:50:30.51Z","modified":"2025-12-08T15:51:56.735Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-203"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:42.078906Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-198523","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T22:50:30Z","modified":"2025-12-08T15:51:56Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T19:49:09.057321Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-xmgq-3783-qgm4","title":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels...","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-22T00:31:21Z","modified":"2025-12-04T18:30:40Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-203"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:05:03.172685Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-12888","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T23:15:44.97Z","modified":"2026-10-19T13:10:00.11Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-203"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:46.009629Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2025-12888","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T23:15:44.97Z","modified":"2026-11-03T06:32:13.153873298Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T07:18:15.355745Z"},{"id":"CVE-2025-12888","title":"Constant Time Issue with Xtensa-based ESP32 and X22519","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T22:50:30.51Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:38.631574706Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-203"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:46.024537Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2025-12888","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T23:15:44.97Z","modified":"2026-10-23T18:04:33.345212093Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:45.102284Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2025-12888","description":"Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.","status":"published","published":"2025-11-21T23:15:00Z","modified":"2026-10-17T12:56:48.048257268Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","level":"low"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:55:20.144818Z"}]}}