{"id":"CVE-2025-20188","aliases":["EUVD-2025-13907","GHSA-489q-h7v6-2626"],"status":"published","title":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download feature of Cisco IOS XE...","description":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download, the Clean Air Spectral Recording, and the client debug bundles features of Cisco IOS XE Software for Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected system.\r\n\r This vulnerability is due to the presence of a hard-coded JSON Web Token (JWT) on an affected system.  An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTPS requests to the AP file upload interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload files, perform path traversal, and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-09","score":0.27911,"percentile":0.98111,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":false},"cwes":["CWE-798"],"published":"2025-05-07T17:34:36Z","modified":"2026-06-17T08:41:01Z","exploits":[{"source":"nuclei","id":"CVE-2025-20188","title":"Cisco IOS XE WLC - Arbitrary File Upload","type":"detection template","url":"https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-20188.yaml"}],"products":[{"vendor":"cisco","product":"cisco ios xe software"},{"vendor":"cisco","product":"ios_xe"}],"references":[{"url":"https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wlc-file-uplpd-rHZG9UfC","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://horizon3.ai/attack-research/attack-blogs/cisco-ios-xe-wlc-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability-cve-2025-20188-analysis/","tags":["exploit","Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20188"},{"url":"https://horizon3.ai/attack-research/attack-blogs/cisco-ios-xe-wlc-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability-cve-2025-20188-analysis"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-489q-h7v6-2626"}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-20188","description":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download, the Clean Air Spectral Recording, and the client debug bundles features of Cisco IOS XE Software for Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected system.\r\n\r This vulnerability is due to the presence of a hard-coded JSON Web Token (JWT) on an affected system.  An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTPS requests to the AP file upload interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload files, perform path traversal, and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.","status":"published","published":"2025-05-07T17:34:36.871Z","modified":"2025-06-06T16:24:05.256Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:25.5658Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-13907","description":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download, the Clean Air Spectral Recording, and the client debug bundles features of Cisco IOS XE Software for Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected system.\r\n\r This vulnerability is due to the presence of a hard-coded JSON Web Token (JWT) on an affected system.  An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTPS requests to the AP file upload interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload files, perform path traversal, and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.","status":"published","published":"2025-05-07T17:34:36Z","modified":"2025-06-06T16:24:05Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:32:28.636987Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-489q-h7v6-2626","title":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download feature of Cisco IOS XE...","description":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download feature of Cisco IOS XE Software for Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected system.\n\n This vulnerability is due to the presence of a hard-coded JSON Web Token (JWT) on an affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTPS requests to the AP image download interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload files, perform path traversal, and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. \n\n Note: For exploitation to be successful, the Out-of-Band AP Image Download feature must be enabled on the device. It is not enabled by default.","status":"published","published":"2025-05-07T18:30:49Z","modified":"2025-06-04T15:31:32Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:02:33.897794Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-20188","description":"A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download, the Clean Air Spectral Recording, and the client debug bundles features of Cisco IOS XE Software for Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected system.\r\n\r This vulnerability is due to the presence of a hard-coded JSON Web Token (JWT) on an affected system.  An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTPS requests to the AP file upload interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to upload files, perform path traversal, and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.","status":"published","published":"2025-05-07T18:15:38.617Z","modified":"2026-06-17T08:41:01.05Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-798"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:06.085152Z"}]}}