{"id":"CVE-2025-2182","aliases":["EUVD-2025-24617","GHSA-75rp-wjf6-546r"],"status":"published","title":"PAN-OS: Firewall Clusters using the MACsec Protocol Expose the Connectivity Association Key (CAK)","description":"A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster.\nA user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":5.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00127,"percentile":0.02428,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":false},"cwes":["CWE-312"],"published":"2025-08-13T17:03:21Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:06:29Z","products":[{"vendor":"palo alto networks","product":"cloud ngfw"},{"vendor":"palo alto networks","product":"pan-os"},{"vendor":"palo alto networks","product":"prisma access"}],"references":[{"url":"https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-2182","tags":["vendor-advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2182"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-75rp-wjf6-546r"}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-2182","title":"PAN-OS: Firewall Clusters using the MACsec Protocol Expose the Connectivity Association Key (CAK)","description":"A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster.\nA user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-13T17:03:21.617Z","modified":"2025-08-13T20:32:15.474Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-312"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:39.039362Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-24617","description":"A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster.\nA user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-13T17:03:21Z","modified":"2025-08-13T20:32:15Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:31:57.953552Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-75rp-wjf6-546r","title":"A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in...","description":"A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster.\nA user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-13T18:31:24Z","modified":"2025-08-13T18:31:31Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-312"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:03:16.715076Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-2182","description":"A problem with the implementation of the MACsec protocol in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® results in the cleartext exposure of the connectivity association key (CAK). This issue is only applicable to PA-7500 Series devices which are in an NGFW cluster.\nA user who possesses this key can read messages being sent between devices in a NGFW Cluster. There is no impact in non-clustered firewalls or clusters of firewalls that do not enable MACsec.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-13T17:15:27.163Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:06:29.127Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-312"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:23.594522Z"}]}}