{"id":"CVE-2025-30225","aliases":["EUVD-2025-8224","GHSA-j8xj-7jff-46mx"],"status":"published","title":"Directus's S3 assets become unavailable after a burst of malformed transformations","description":"Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. The `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to version 12.0.1, corresponding to Directus starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to 11.5.0, is vulnerable to asset unavailability after a burst of malformed transformations. When making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are served as 403. This causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public. Version 12.0.1 of the `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package, corresponding to version 11.5.0 of Directus, fixes the issue.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.0044,"percentile":0.38686,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-770"],"published":"2025-03-26T16:27:14Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:10Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"@directus/storage-driver-s3","fixed_in":["12.0.1"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"directus","fixed_in":["11.5.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"@directus/storage-driver-s3","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"9.22.0"},{"fixed":"12.0.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"directus","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"9.22.0"},{"fixed":"11.5.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"@directus/storage-driver-s3","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"9.22.0"},{"fixed":"12.0.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"directus","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"9.22.0"},{"fixed":"11.5.0"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"directus","product":"directus"},{"vendor":"monospace","product":"directus"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/directus/directus/security/advisories/GHSA-j8xj-7jff-46mx","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","Exploit","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30225","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j8xj-7jff-46mx"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/30xxx/CVE-2025-30225.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/directus/directus","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-30225","title":"Directus's S3 assets become unavailable after a burst of malformed transformations","description":"Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. The `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to version 12.0.1, corresponding to Directus starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to 11.5.0, is vulnerable to asset unavailability after a burst of malformed transformations. When making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are served as 403. This causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public. Version 12.0.1 of the `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package, corresponding to version 11.5.0 of Directus, fixes the issue.","status":"published","published":"2025-03-26T16:27:14.665Z","modified":"2025-03-26T18:04:53.899Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:35.418416Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-8224","description":"Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. The `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to version 12.0.1, corresponding to Directus starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to 11.5.0, is vulnerable to asset unavailability after a burst of malformed transformations. When making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are served as 403. This causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public. Version 12.0.1 of the `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package, corresponding to version 11.5.0 of Directus, fixes the issue.","status":"published","published":"2025-03-26T16:27:14Z","modified":"2025-03-26T18:04:53Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:52:50.922534Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-j8xj-7jff-46mx","title":"Directus's S3 assets become unavailable after a burst of malformed transformations","description":"### Summary\nWhen making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are being served as 403.\n\n### Details\nWhen I was investigating this issue, I have found that after a burst of malformed asset transformation requests, the amount of `sockets` held on [Agent on NodeHttpHandler](https://github.com/smithy-lang/smithy-typescript/blob/main/packages/node-http-handler/src/node-http-handler.ts#L189) was always equal to [`STORAGE_CLOUD_MAX_SOCKETS`](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/packages/storage-driver-s3/src/index.ts#L89) making it impossible to have new connections causing assets to be inaccessible.\n\nAfter looking into this [issue on AWS SDK](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-js-v3/issues/6691) I found that if the [stream is requested](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/api/src/services/assets.ts#L213), it needs to be consumed otherwise will hang forever. And as can be [seen here](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/api/src/services/assets.ts#L184) the stream is not consumed, because `sharp` will throw an error on the invalid arguments. For example `?height=xyz`\n\nThe [timeouts set here](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/packages/storage-driver-s3/src/index.ts#L87-L88)  had no noticeable effect on tests made.\n\n### PoC\nThis can be easily reproduced with the following steps:\n- setup AWS S3 storage\n- set STORAGE_CLOUD_MAX_SOCKETS: \"50\" (this value is lower than default for easier reproduction)\n- upload a file to your project\n- run this file (Replace the the file ID with the one you just uploaded):\n```ts\nimport axios from \"axios\";\n\nasync function start() {\n  Array.from({ length: 400 }, (_, i) =\u003e {\n    axios\n      .get(\n        \"http://localhost:8055/assets/e536aa35-3a81-4fa9-b856-3780584d38d8?width=100\u0026height=XYZ\"\n      )\n      .then(() =\u003e console.log(\"✅\"))\n      .catch((e) =\u003e\n        console.log(\"⛔\", e.response?.status || e.code || e.message)\n      );\n  });\n}\n\nstart();\n```\n\nHere's an example:\n\n\n\nhttps://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7f5a6f51-1c51-4d4d-aa4f-c4953e91714c\n\n\n\n\n\n### Impact\nThis causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public.","status":"published","published":"2025-03-26T17:19:28Z","modified":"2025-03-27T03:42:49Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:38:36.51789Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-30225","description":"Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. The `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to version 12.0.1, corresponding to Directus starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to 11.5.0, is vulnerable to asset unavailability after a burst of malformed transformations. When making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are served as 403. This causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public. Version 12.0.1 of the `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package, corresponding to version 11.5.0 of Directus, fixes the issue.","status":"published","published":"2025-03-26T17:15:26.917Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:08:23.457Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:10:55.858901Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2025-30225","title":"Directus's S3 assets become unavailable after a burst of malformed transformations","description":"Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. The `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to version 12.0.1, corresponding to Directus starting in version 9.22.0 and prior to 11.5.0, is vulnerable to asset unavailability after a burst of malformed transformations. When making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are served as 403. This causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public. Version 12.0.1 of the `@directus/storage-driver-s3` package, corresponding to version 11.5.0 of Directus, fixes the issue.","status":"published","published":"2025-03-26T16:27:14.665Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:10.425766575Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:47.708311Z"},{"id":"GHSA-j8xj-7jff-46mx","title":"Directus's S3 assets become unavailable after a burst of malformed transformations","description":"### Summary\nWhen making many malformed transformation requests at once, at some point, all assets are being served as 403.\n\n### Details\nWhen I was investigating this issue, I have found that after a burst of malformed asset transformation requests, the amount of `sockets` held on [Agent on NodeHttpHandler](https://github.com/smithy-lang/smithy-typescript/blob/main/packages/node-http-handler/src/node-http-handler.ts#L189) was always equal to [`STORAGE_CLOUD_MAX_SOCKETS`](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/packages/storage-driver-s3/src/index.ts#L89) making it impossible to have new connections causing assets to be inaccessible.\n\nAfter looking into this [issue on AWS SDK](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-js-v3/issues/6691) I found that if the [stream is requested](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/api/src/services/assets.ts#L213), it needs to be consumed otherwise will hang forever. And as can be [seen here](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/api/src/services/assets.ts#L184) the stream is not consumed, because `sharp` will throw an error on the invalid arguments. For example `?height=xyz`\n\nThe [timeouts set here](https://github.com/directus/directus/blob/main/packages/storage-driver-s3/src/index.ts#L87-L88)  had no noticeable effect on tests made.\n\n### PoC\nThis can be easily reproduced with the following steps:\n- setup AWS S3 storage\n- set STORAGE_CLOUD_MAX_SOCKETS: \"50\" (this value is lower than default for easier reproduction)\n- upload a file to your project\n- run this file (Replace the the file ID with the one you just uploaded):\n```ts\nimport axios from \"axios\";\n\nasync function start() {\n  Array.from({ length: 400 }, (_, i) =\u003e {\n    axios\n      .get(\n        \"http://localhost:8055/assets/e536aa35-3a81-4fa9-b856-3780584d38d8?width=100\u0026height=XYZ\"\n      )\n      .then(() =\u003e console.log(\"✅\"))\n      .catch((e) =\u003e\n        console.log(\"⛔\", e.response?.status || e.code || e.message)\n      );\n  });\n}\n\nstart();\n```\n\nHere's an example:\n\n\n\nhttps://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7f5a6f51-1c51-4d4d-aa4f-c4953e91714c\n\n\n\n\n\n### Impact\nThis causes denial of assets for all policies of Directus, including Admin and Public.","status":"published","published":"2025-03-26T17:19:28Z","modified":"2025-03-27T03:42:48Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-770"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:50.336262Z"}]}}