{"id":"CVE-2025-4235","aliases":["EUVD-2025-29071","GHSA-x6h5-43x9-rq83"],"status":"published","title":"User-ID Credential Agent: Cleartext Exposure of Service Account password","description":"An information exposure vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks User-ID Credential Agent (Windows-based) can expose the service account password under specific non-default configurations. This allows an unprivileged Domain User to escalate privileges by exploiting the account’s permissions. The impact varies by configuration:\n  *  Minimally Privileged Accounts: Enable disruption of User-ID Credential Agent operations (e.g., uninstalling or disabling the agent service), weakening network security policies that leverage  Credential Phishing Prevention https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention  under a  Domain Credential Filter https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention/methods-to-check-for-corporate-credential-submissions  configuration.\n  *  Elevated Accounts (Server Operator, Domain Join, Legacy Features): Permit increased impacts, including server control (e.g., shutdown/restart), domain manipulation (e.g., rogue computer objects), and network compromise via reconnaissance or client probing.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00181,"percentile":0.07767,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":false},"cwes":["CWE-497"],"published":"2025-09-12T17:16:53Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:32:50Z","products":[{"vendor":"palo alto networks","product":"user-id credential agent"}],"references":[{"url":"https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-4235","tags":["vendor-advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4235"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-x6h5-43x9-rq83"}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-4235","title":"User-ID Credential Agent: Cleartext Exposure of Service Account password","description":"An information exposure vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks User-ID Credential Agent (Windows-based) can expose the service account password under specific non-default configurations. This allows an unprivileged Domain User to escalate privileges by exploiting the account’s permissions. The impact varies by configuration:\n  *  Minimally Privileged Accounts: Enable disruption of User-ID Credential Agent operations (e.g., uninstalling or disabling the agent service), weakening network security policies that leverage  Credential Phishing Prevention https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention  under a  Domain Credential Filter https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention/methods-to-check-for-corporate-credential-submissions  configuration.\n  *  Elevated Accounts (Server Operator, Domain Join, Legacy Features): Permit increased impacts, including server control (e.g., shutdown/restart), domain manipulation (e.g., rogue computer objects), and network compromise via reconnaissance or client probing.","status":"published","published":"2025-09-12T17:16:53.868Z","modified":"2026-02-26T17:48:38.53Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"high","assessor":"cna"},{"version":"4.0","score":5.8,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-497"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:48.512547Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-29071","description":"An information exposure vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks User-ID Credential Agent (Windows-based) can expose the service account password under specific non-default configurations. This allows an unprivileged Domain User to escalate privileges by exploiting the account’s permissions. The impact varies by configuration:\n  *  Minimally Privileged Accounts: Enable disruption of User-ID Credential Agent operations (e.g., uninstalling or disabling the agent service), weakening network security policies that leverage  Credential Phishing Prevention https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention  under a  Domain Credential Filter https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention/methods-to-check-for-corporate-credential-submissions  configuration.\n  *  Elevated Accounts (Server Operator, Domain Join, Legacy Features): Permit increased impacts, including server control (e.g., shutdown/restart), domain manipulation (e.g., rogue computer objects), and network compromise via reconnaissance or client probing.","status":"published","published":"2025-09-12T17:16:53Z","modified":"2026-02-26T17:48:38Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T19:48:21.697838Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-x6h5-43x9-rq83","title":"An information exposure vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks User-ID Credential Agent (Windows...","description":"An information exposure vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks User-ID Credential Agent (Windows-based) can expose the service account password under specific non-default configurations. This allows an unprivileged Domain User to escalate privileges by exploiting the account’s permissions. The impact varies by configuration:\n  *  Minimally Privileged Accounts: Enable disruption of User-ID Credential Agent operations (e.g., uninstalling or disabling the agent service), weakening network security policies that leverage  Credential Phishing Prevention https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention  under a  Domain Credential Filter https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention/methods-to-check-for-corporate-credential-submissions  configuration.\n  *  Elevated Accounts (Server Operator, Domain Join, Legacy Features): Permit increased impacts, including server control (e.g., shutdown/restart), domain manipulation (e.g., rogue computer objects), and network compromise via reconnaissance or client probing.","status":"published","published":"2025-09-12T18:31:10Z","modified":"2025-09-12T18:31:16Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-497"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:03:34.910007Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-4235","description":"An information exposure vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks User-ID Credential Agent (Windows-based) can expose the service account password under specific non-default configurations. This allows an unprivileged Domain User to escalate privileges by exploiting the account’s permissions. The impact varies by configuration:\n  *  Minimally Privileged Accounts: Enable disruption of User-ID Credential Agent operations (e.g., uninstalling or disabling the agent service), weakening network security policies that leverage  Credential Phishing Prevention https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention  under a  Domain Credential Filter https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/advanced-url-filtering/administration/url-filtering-features/credential-phishing-prevention/methods-to-check-for-corporate-credential-submissions  configuration.\n  *  Elevated Accounts (Server Operator, Domain Join, Legacy Features): Permit increased impacts, including server control (e.g., shutdown/restart), domain manipulation (e.g., rogue computer objects), and network compromise via reconnaissance or client probing.","status":"published","published":"2025-09-12T18:15:34.373Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:32:50.293Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.2,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-497"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:28.834562Z"}]}}