{"id":"CVE-2025-46712","aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2025-46712","AZL-61744","AZL-61748","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-46712","EUVD-2025-14034","GHSA-934x-xq38-hhqf","OESA-2025-1552","OESA-2025-1553","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-46712","USN-7656-1"],"status":"published","title":"Erlang/OTP SSH Has Strict KEX Violations","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00552,"percentile":0.4664,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-440"],"published":"2025-05-08T19:26:27Z","modified":"2026-11-05T05:40:51Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.21","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["26.2.5.12-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Azure Linux:2","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["25.3.2.21-1"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Azure Linux:3","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["26.2.5.12-1"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["1:25.2.3+dfsg-1+deb12u2"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["1:27.3.4+dfsg-1"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["1:27.3.4+dfsg-1"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"openEuler:24.03-LTS","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["25.3.2.6-7.oe2403"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"openEuler:24.03-LTS-SP1","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["25.3.2.6-7.oe2403sp1"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Ubuntu:22.04:LTS","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.4"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Ubuntu:25.10","package":"erlang","fixed_in":["1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.21","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"26.2.5.12-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Azure Linux:2","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"25.3.2.21-1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Azure Linux:3","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"26.2.5.12-1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:25.2.3+dfsg-1+deb12u2"}]}],"versions":["1:25.2.3+dfsg-1","1:25.2.3+dfsg-1+deb12u1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:27.3.4+dfsg-1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:27.3.4+dfsg-1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"openEuler:24.03-LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"25.3.2.6-7.oe2403"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"openEuler:24.03-LTS-SP1","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"25.3.2.6-7.oe2403sp1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:14.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1:16.b.1-dfsg-4ubuntu1","1:16.b.2-dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:16.b.2-dfsg-2ubuntu1","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2.1","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2.2","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2.2+esm1","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2.2+esm2","1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2.2+esm3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1:18.0-dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:18.0-dfsg-1ubuntu2","1:18.2-dfsg-2ubuntu1","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3.1","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3.1+esm1","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3.1+esm2","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3.1+esm3","1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3.1+esm4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1:20.0.4+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.1.2+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.1.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.1.4+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.1.5+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.1.7+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu2","1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu2+esm1","1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu2+esm2","1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu2+esm3","1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu2+esm4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1:22.0.7+dfsg-1build1","1:22.2+dfsg-1","1:22.2.1+dfsg-1","1:22.2.2+dfsg-1","1:22.2.3+dfsg-1","1:22.2.3+dfsg-2","1:22.2.4+dfsg-1","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.2","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.4","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5+esm1","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5+esm2","1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5+esm3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:22.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5"}]}],"versions":["1:23.2.6+dfsg-1build1","1:24.1.1+dfsg-1","1:24.1.4+dfsg-1","1:24.1.5+dfsg-1","1:24.1.5+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:24.2+dfsg-1","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.2","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.4"}]}],"versions":["1:25.2.3+dfsg-1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu3","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.2","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:25.10","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1"}]}],"versions":["1:27.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:27.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:22.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5"}]}],"versions":["1:23.2.6+dfsg-1build1","1:24.1.1+dfsg-1","1:24.1.4+dfsg-1","1:24.1.5+dfsg-1","1:24.1.5+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:24.2+dfsg-1","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.2","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.3","1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.4"],"bundled":2},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"erlang","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.4"}]}],"versions":["1:25.2.3+dfsg-1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu3","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.1","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.2","1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.3"],"bundled":2}],"products":[{"vendor":"erlang","product":"otp"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-934x-xq38-hhqf","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","advisory","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/e4b56a9f4a511aa9990dd86c16c61439c828df83","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/tag/OTP-25.3.2.21","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/tag/OTP-26.2.5.12","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/releases/tag/OTP-27.3.4","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web","report"]},{"url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-46712","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46712","tags":["web","advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/46xxx/CVE-2025-46712.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-46712","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bulletins/detail/?id=openEuler-SA-2025-1552","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bulletins/detail/?id=openEuler-SA-2025-1553","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-46712","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-46712","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7656-1","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-4748","tags":["report"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-46712","title":"Erlang/OTP SSH Has Strict KEX Violations","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T19:26:27.563Z","modified":"2026-01-12T14:40:27.446Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-440"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:36.385228Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-14034","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T19:26:27Z","modified":"2026-01-12T14:40:27Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T19:48:53.623536Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-46712","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T20:15:30.807Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:26:51.23Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-440"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:06.085152Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2025-46712","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T20:15:30.807Z","modified":"2026-11-03T06:33:00.498564962Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T07:15:53.944853Z"},{"id":"CVE-2025-46712","title":"Erlang/OTP SSH Has Strict KEX Violations","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T19:26:27.563Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:09.489747679Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-440"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:49.707645Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2025-46712","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T20:15:30.807Z","modified":"2026-09-01T20:05:52.803167761Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:47.378563Z"},{"id":"OESA-2025-1552","title":"erlang security update","description":"Erlang is a general-purpose programming language and runtime environment. Erlang has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance. Erlang is used in several large telecommunication systems from Ericsson.\r\n\r\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\nErlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).(CVE-2025-46712)","status":"published","published":"2025-05-23T11:08:38Z","modified":"2026-08-18T01:17:58.842460148Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:52:42.714349Z"},{"id":"OESA-2025-1553","title":"erlang security update","description":"Erlang is a general-purpose programming language and runtime environment. Erlang has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance. Erlang is used in several large telecommunication systems from Ericsson.\r\n\r\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\nErlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).(CVE-2025-46712)","status":"published","published":"2025-05-23T11:08:38Z","modified":"2026-08-18T01:17:58.856140166Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:52:42.714349Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2025-46712","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T20:15:00Z","modified":"2026-10-08T12:53:28.505452257Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":3.7,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:55:50.31802Z"},{"id":"AZL-61744","title":"CVE-2025-46712 affecting package erlang for versions less than 25.3.2.21-1","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T20:15:30Z","modified":"2026-04-21T04:31:49.935168Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:28:07.805289Z"},{"id":"AZL-61748","title":"CVE-2025-46712 affecting package erlang for versions less than 26.2.5.12-1","description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).","status":"published","published":"2025-05-08T20:15:30Z","modified":"2026-11-05T05:40:51Z","updated_at":"2026-11-05T16:41:21.518778Z"},{"id":"USN-7656-1","title":"erlang vulnerabilities","description":"It was discovered that Erlang OTP’s SSH module incorrectly enforced strict\nKEX handshake hardening measures. A remote attacker able to intercept\ncommunications could possibly use this issue to insert optional messages\ninto connections during the handshake. (CVE-2025-46712)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang OTP incorrectly handled ZIP archives. If a\nuser or automated system were tricked into opening a specially crafted ZIP\narchive, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to overwrite\narbitrary files outside of the intended directory. (CVE-2025-4748)","status":"published","published":"2025-07-21T11:51:07Z","modified":"2026-04-27T18:10:10.045885Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:21.91885Z"}]}}