{"id":"CVE-2025-54997","aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2025-54997","BIT-openbao-2025-54997","EUVD-2025-24037","GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhp","GO-2025-3858","SUSE-SU-2025:02912-1","openSUSE-SU-2025:15434-1"],"status":"published","title":"OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00463,"percentile":0.40624,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-94"],"published":"2025-08-08T14:37:22Z","modified":"2026-11-03T06:32:51Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/openbao/openbao","fixed_in":["2.3.2","0.0.0-20250806194004-a14053c9679d"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.22","package":"openbao","fixed_in":["2.3.2-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","package":"openbao","fixed_in":["2.3.2-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","package":"openbao","fixed_in":["2.3.2-r0"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","package":"openbao","fixed_in":["0.0.0-20250806194004-a14053c9679d","2.3.2"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.1.0"},{"fixed":"2.3.2"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.0-20250806194004-a14053c9679d"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.22","package":"openbao","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.3.2-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","package":"openbao","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.3.2-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","package":"openbao","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.3.2-r0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Bitnami","package":"openbao","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.0-20250806194004-a14053c9679d"},{"introduced":"0.0.1"},{"fixed":"2.3.2"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0.1.0"},{"fixed":"2.3.2"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.0-20250806194004-a14053c9679d"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Go","package":"github.com/openbao/openbao","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.0-20250806194004-a14053c9679d"},{"introduced":"0.1.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6","package":"govulncheck-vulndb","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1"}]}],"bundled":31},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"openSUSE:Leap 15.6","package":"govulncheck-vulndb","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.20250814T182633-150000.1.98.1"}]}],"bundled":31},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"openSUSE:Tumbleweed","package":"govulncheck-vulndb","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.0.20250811T192933-1.1"}]}],"bundled":29}],"products":[{"vendor":"openbao","product":"openbao"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhp","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/pull/1634","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Issue Tracking","report","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-14-privileged-vault-operator-may-execute-code-on-the-underlying-host/76033","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Not Applicable","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/releases/tag/v2.3.2","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Release Notes","article","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6000","tags":["advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/a14053c9679d6e9cf370f00cf933476cda6d84a2","tags":["web","fix"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54997","tags":["web","advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhp"},{"url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-54997","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/54xxx/CVE-2025-54997.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/support/update/announcement/2025/suse-su-202502912-1/","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-21411","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-44906","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-44779","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-47907","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-50738","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-53534","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-53942","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54386","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54388","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54410","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54424","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54576","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54799","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54801","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54996","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54997","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54998","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-54999","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-55000","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-55001","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-55003","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-5999","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6000","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6004","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6011","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6013","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6014","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6015","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6037","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-7195","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-8341","tags":["web"]},{"url":"","tags":["advisory"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-54997","title":"OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-09T01:56:45.634Z","modified":"2025-08-11T13:56:43.049Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:27.603809Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-24037","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-09T01:56:45Z","modified":"2025-08-11T13:56:43Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T20:31:59.900029Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhp","title":"Privileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host","description":"### Impact\n\nUnder certain threat models, OpenBao operators with privileged API access may not be system administrators and thus normally lack the ability to update binaries or execute code on the system. Additionally, privileged API operators should be unable to perform TCP connections to arbitrary hosts in the environment OpenBao is executing within. The API-driven audit subsystem granted privileged API operators the ability to do both with an attacker-controlled log prefix. Access to these endpoints should be restricted.\n\n### Patches\n\nOpenBao v2.3.2 will patch this issue.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUsers may deny all access to the `sys/audit/*` interface (with `create` and `update`) permission via policies with explicit deny grants. This would not restrict `root` level operators, however, for whom there are no workarounds. \n\nThis interface allowed arbitrary filesystem and network (write) access as the user the OpenBao server was running as; in conjunction with allowing custom plugins or other system processes this may enable code execution.\n\n### References\n\nThis issue was disclosed to HashiCorp and is the OpenBao equivalent of the following tickets:\n\n- https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-14-privileged-vault-operator-may-execute-code-on-the-underlying-host/76033\n- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6000","status":"published","published":"2025-08-08T14:37:22Z","modified":"2025-08-11T13:56:31Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:38:53.767052Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-54997","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-09T03:15:46.263Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:41:05.18Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:22.319351Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2025-54997","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-09T03:15:46.263Z","modified":"2026-11-03T06:32:51.168678369Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-03T07:16:46.202932Z"},{"id":"CVE-2025-54997","title":"OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-09T01:56:45.634Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:45.484695804Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:50.863921Z"},{"id":"GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhp","title":"Privileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host","description":"### Impact\n\nUnder certain threat models, OpenBao operators with privileged API access may not be system administrators and thus normally lack the ability to update binaries or execute code on the system. Additionally, privileged API operators should be unable to perform TCP connections to arbitrary hosts in the environment OpenBao is executing within. The API-driven audit subsystem granted privileged API operators the ability to do both with an attacker-controlled log prefix. Access to these endpoints should be restricted.\n\n### Patches\n\nOpenBao v2.3.2 will patch this issue.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUsers may deny all access to the `sys/audit/*` interface (with `create` and `update`) permission via policies with explicit deny grants. This would not restrict `root` level operators, however, for whom there are no workarounds. \n\nThis interface allowed arbitrary filesystem and network (write) access as the user the OpenBao server was running as; in conjunction with allowing custom plugins or other system processes this may enable code execution.\n\n### References\n\nThis issue was disclosed to HashiCorp and is the OpenBao equivalent of the following tickets:\n\n- https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-14-privileged-vault-operator-may-execute-code-on-the-underlying-host/76033\n- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6000","status":"published","published":"2025-08-08T14:37:22Z","modified":"2026-07-27T09:11:20.638206643Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:47:00.198893Z"},{"id":"BIT-openbao-2025-54997","title":"OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host","description":"OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-27T05:48:51.75Z","modified":"2026-09-08T08:48:16.778505081Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:28:34.343258Z"},{"id":"GO-2025-3858","title":"Privileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host in github.com/openbao/openbao","description":"Privileged OpenBao Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host in github.com/openbao/openbao.\n\nNOTE: The source advisory for this report contains additional versions that could not be automatically mapped to standard Go module versions.\n\n(If this is causing false-positive reports from vulnerability scanners, please suggest an edit to the report.)\n\nThe additional affected modules and versions are: github.com/openbao/openbao before v2.3.2.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-11T17:59:12Z","modified":"2026-07-27T09:11:20.638206643Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:47:01.728182Z"},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2025:15434-1","title":"govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250811T192933-1.1 on GA media","description":"These are all security issues fixed in the govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250811T192933-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.","status":"published","published":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-03-23T04:53:46.634804Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:37.810934Z"},{"id":"SUSE-SU-2025:02912-1","title":"Security update for govulncheck-vulndb","description":"This update for govulncheck-vulndb fixes the following issues:\n\n- Update to version 0.0.20250814T182633 2025-08-14T18:26:33Z (jsc#PED-11136)\n\n  Go CVE Numbering Authority IDs added or updated with aliases:\n  * GO-2025-3765 CVE-2024-44906 GHSA-h4h6-vccr-44h2\n  * GO-2025-3829 CVE-2025-54410 GHSA-4vq8-7jfc-9cvp\n\n- Update to version 0.0.20250811T192933 2025-08-11T19:29:33Z (jsc#PED-11136)\n  \n  Go CVE Numbering Authority IDs added or updated with aliases:\n  * GO-2025-3822 CVE-2025-53942 GHSA-9g4j-v8w5-7x42\n  * GO-2025-3829 CVE-2025-54410 GHSA-4vq8-7jfc-9cvp\n  * GO-2025-3830 CVE-2025-54388 GHSA-x4rx-4gw3-53p4\n  * GO-2025-3831 CVE-2025-50738 GHSA-hfcf-79gh-f3jc\n  * GO-2025-3832 CVE-2021-21411 GHSA-652x-m2gr-hppm\n  * GO-2025-3833 CVE-2025-54576 GHSA-7rh7-c77v-6434\n  * GO-2025-3834 CVE-2025-54424 GHSA-8j63-96wh-wh3j\n  * GO-2025-3835 CVE-2025-54386 GHSA-q6gg-9f92-r9wg\n  * GO-2025-3836 CVE-2025-6037 GHSA-6c5r-4wfc-3mcx\n  * GO-2025-3837 CVE-2025-5999 GHSA-6h4p-m86h-hhgh\n  * GO-2025-3838 CVE-2025-6000 GHSA-mr4h-qf9j-f665\n  * GO-2025-3839 CVE-2025-6011 GHSA-mwgr-84fv-3jh9\n  * GO-2025-3840 CVE-2025-6004 GHSA-qgj7-fmq2-6cc4\n  * GO-2025-3841 CVE-2025-6014 GHSA-qv3p-fmv3-9hww\n  * GO-2025-3842 CVE-2025-6015 GHSA-v6r4-35f9-9rpw\n  * GO-2025-3843 CVE-2025-8341 GHSA-3c93-92r7-j934\n  * GO-2025-3844 CVE-2025-53534 GHSA-fm3m-jrgm-5ppg\n  * GO-2025-3845 CVE-2025-54801 GHSA-qx2q-88mx-vhg7\n  * GO-2025-3847 CVE-2025-54799 GHSA-q82r-2j7m-9rv4\n  * GO-2025-3848 CVE-2025-6013 GHSA-7rx2-769v-hrwf\n  * GO-2025-3851 CVE-2025-44779 GHSA-93jv-pvg8-hf3v\n  * GO-2025-3852 CVE-2025-7195 GHSA-856v-8qm2-9wjv\n  * GO-2025-3853 CVE-2025-55000 GHSA-f7c3-mhj2-9pvg\n  * GO-2025-3854 CVE-2025-54999 GHSA-hh28-h22f-8357\n  * GO-2025-3855 CVE-2025-54998 GHSA-j3xv-7fxp-gfhx\n  * GO-2025-3856 CVE-2025-55003 GHSA-rxp7-9q75-vj3p\n  * GO-2025-3857 CVE-2025-54996 GHSA-vf84-mxrq-crqc\n  * GO-2025-3858 CVE-2025-54997 GHSA-xp75-r577-cvhp\n  * GO-2025-3859 CVE-2025-55001 GHSA-2q8q-8fgw-9p6p\n\n- Update to version 0.0.20250807T150727 2025-08-07T15:07:27Z (jsc#PED-11136)\n\n  Go CVE Numbering Authority IDs added or updated with aliases:\n  * GO-2025-3849 CVE-2025-47907\n","status":"published","published":"2025-08-19T12:52:27Z","modified":"2026-03-23T04:49:48.54789Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:57.111474Z"}]}}