{"id":"CVE-2025-66415","aliases":["EUVD-2025-200117","GHSA-2q7r-29rg-6m5h"],"status":"published","title":"fastify-reply-from bypass of reply forwarding","description":"fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. Prior to 12.5.0, by crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the reply.from is defined for specific routes in @fastify/reply-from. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.5.0.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00191,"percentile":0.08879,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-441"],"published":"2025-12-01T22:39:32Z","modified":"2026-11-11T10:30:36Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"@fastify/reply-from","fixed_in":["12.5.0"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"@fastify/reply-from","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"12.4.0"},{"fixed":"12.5.0"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"@fastify/reply-from","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"12.5.0"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"fastify","product":"fastify-reply-from"},{"vendor":"fastify","product":"reply-from"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/fastify/fastify-reply-from/security/advisories/GHSA-2q7r-29rg-6m5h","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/fastify/fastify-reply-from/commit/4d9795cd5b57a36756d37b7f036eae369f69fa66","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66415","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2q7r-29rg-6m5h"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/66xxx/CVE-2025-66415.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/fastify/fastify-reply-from","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2025-66415","title":"fastify-reply-from bypass of reply forwarding","description":"fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. Prior to 12.5.0, by crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the reply.from is defined for specific routes in @fastify/reply-from. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.5.0.","status":"published","published":"2025-12-01T22:39:32.468Z","modified":"2025-12-02T14:13:45.644Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:32:53.157279Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2025-200117","description":"fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. Prior to 12.5.0, by crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the reply.from is defined for specific routes in @fastify/reply-from. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.5.0.","status":"published","published":"2025-12-01T22:39:32Z","modified":"2025-12-02T14:13:45Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T19:49:11.096002Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-2q7r-29rg-6m5h","title":"fastify-reply-from affected by bypass of reply forwarding","description":"### Summary\nBy crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the `reply.from` is defined for specific routes in `@fastify/reply-from`.\n\n### Details\n\nAn attacker can bypass the route defined by the `@fastify/reply-from` package by adding a `..` symbol, which, for `curl` version `8.7.1`, is `%2e%2e`.\n\n### Impact\n\nEveryone is using this package with the routes option to protect a 3rd-party resource.","status":"published","published":"2025-12-02T00:38:57Z","modified":"2025-12-02T00:39:01Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:39:11.110487Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2025-66415","description":"fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. Prior to 12.5.0, by crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the reply.from is defined for specific routes in @fastify/reply-from. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.5.0.","status":"published","published":"2025-12-01T23:15:54.053Z","modified":"2026-10-18T18:10:00.1Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":5.4,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:11:47.746175Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2025-66415","title":"fastify-reply-from bypass of reply forwarding","description":"fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. Prior to 12.5.0, by crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the reply.from is defined for specific routes in @fastify/reply-from. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.5.0.","status":"published","published":"2025-12-01T22:39:32.468Z","modified":"2026-11-11T10:30:36.068564166Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-11T11:06:36.179338Z"},{"id":"GHSA-2q7r-29rg-6m5h","title":"fastify-reply-from affected by bypass of reply forwarding","description":"### Summary\nBy crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the `reply.from` is defined for specific routes in `@fastify/reply-from`.\n\n### Details\n\nAn attacker can bypass the route defined by the `@fastify/reply-from` package by adding a `..` symbol, which, for `curl` version `8.7.1`, is `%2e%2e`.\n\n### Impact\n\nEveryone is using this package with the routes option to protect a 3rd-party resource.","status":"published","published":"2025-12-02T00:38:57Z","modified":"2025-12-02T01:30:13.011305Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.9,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:34.700741Z"}]}}