{"id":"CVE-2026-18439","aliases":["EUVD-2026-84301","GHSA-9x9f-f428-ff8p"],"status":"published","title":"Tutor LMS \u003c= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Custom+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Arbitrary Quiz Question/Answer Modification and Deletion via 'payload' Parameter","description":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb-\u003eupdate/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-12","score":0.00434,"percentile":0.38194,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":false},"cwes":["CWE-639"],"published":"2026-09-22T07:41:12Z","modified":"2026-09-23T19:17:29Z","products":[{"vendor":"themeum","product":"tutor lms – elearning and online course solution"}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6d07c82d-262a-4ac1-9ee5-7ef4d025f66f?source=cve"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781"},{"url":"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3690454/tutor/tags/4.0.8/classes/QuizBuilder.php"},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18439"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9x9f-f428-ff8p"}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-18439","title":"Tutor LMS \u003c= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Custom+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Arbitrary Quiz Question/Answer Modification and Deletion via 'payload' Parameter","description":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb-\u003eupdate/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-22T07:41:12.011Z","modified":"2026-09-23T18:46:53.858Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-639"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:20:12.60856Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-84301","description":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb-\u003eupdate/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-22T07:41:12Z","modified":"2026-09-23T18:46:53Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T17:28:00.170339Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-9x9f-f428-ff8p","title":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to...","description":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb-\u003eupdate/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-22T09:31:12Z","modified":"2026-09-22T09:31:17Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-639"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:12:16.582397Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-18439","description":"The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb-\u003eupdate/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-22T08:16:39.08Z","modified":"2026-09-23T19:17:29.35Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-639"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:50.368368Z"}]}}