{"id":"CVE-2026-32025","aliases":["EUVD-2026-13298","GHSA-jmmg-jqc7-5qf4"],"status":"published","title":"OpenClaw \u003c 2026.2.25 - Password Brute-Force via Browser-Origin WebSocket Authentication Bypass","description":"OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 contain an authentication hardening gap in browser-origin WebSocket clients that allows attackers to bypass origin checks and auth throttling on loopback deployments. An attacker can trick a user into opening a malicious webpage and perform password brute-force attacks against the gateway to establish an authenticated operator session and invoke control-plane methods.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.00331,"percentile":0.26541,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-287","CWE-307","CWE-346"],"published":"2026-03-03T22:18:09Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:08Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"openclaw","fixed_in":["2026.2.25"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"openclaw","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"2026.2.24"},{"fixed":"2026.2.25"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"openclaw","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2026.2.25"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"openclaw","product":"openclaw"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-jmmg-jqc7-5qf4","tags":["vendor-advisory","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/c736f11a16d6bc27ea62a0fe40fffae4cb071fdb","tags":["patch","Patch","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-password-brute-force-via-browser-origin-websocket-authentication-bypass","tags":["third-party-advisory","Third Party Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32025","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-jmmg-jqc7-5qf4"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/32xxx/CVE-2026-32025.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-32025","title":"OpenClaw \u003c 2026.2.25 - Password Brute-Force via Browser-Origin WebSocket Authentication Bypass","description":"OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 contain an authentication hardening gap in browser-origin WebSocket clients that allows attackers to bypass origin checks and auth throttling on loopback deployments. An attacker can trick a user into opening a malicious webpage and perform password brute-force attacks against the gateway to establish an authenticated operator session and invoke control-plane methods.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-19T22:07:01.072Z","modified":"2026-06-23T16:14:43.475Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"high","assessor":"cna"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-307"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:19:57.47301Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-13298","description":"OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 contain an authentication hardening gap in browser-origin WebSocket clients that allows attackers to bypass origin checks and auth throttling on loopback deployments. An attacker can trick a user into opening a malicious webpage and perform password brute-force attacks against the gateway to establish an authenticated operator session and invoke control-plane methods.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-19T22:07:01Z","modified":"2026-06-23T16:14:43Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:20:32.273921Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-jmmg-jqc7-5qf4","title":"OpenClaw's browser-origin WebSocket auth hardening gap could enable loopback password brute-force chains","description":"This issue is a browser-origin WebSocket auth chain on local loopback deployments using password auth. It is serious, but conditional: an attacker must get the user to open a malicious page and then successfully guess the gateway password.\n\n## Context and Preconditions\n\nOpenClaw’s web/gateway surface is designed for local use and trusted-operator workflows. In affected versions, a browser-origin client could combine three behaviors:\n\n- Origin checks not enforced for some non-Control-UI WebSocket client IDs.\n- Loopback auth attempts exempt from password-failure throttling.\n- Silent local pairing path available to browser-origin non-Control-UI clients.\n\nSuccessful exploitation requires all of the following:\n\n- Gateway reachable on loopback (default).\n- Password auth mode in use.\n- Victim opens attacker-controlled web content.\n- Password is guessable within feasible brute-force/dictionary attempts.\n\n## Practical Impact\n\nIf the password is guessed, an attacker can establish an authenticated operator WebSocket session and invoke control-plane methods available to that role. This is not an unauthenticated internet-exposed RCE class issue by itself; it is a local browser-origin auth-hardening gap with meaningful impact under the conditions above.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected versions: `\u003c=2026.2.24` (latest published npm version as of February 26, 2026)\n- Patched versions : `\u003e=2026.2.25`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `c736f11a16d6bc27ea62a0fe40fffae4cb071fdb`\n\n## Fix Details\n\n- Enforce browser-origin checks for direct browser WebSocket clients beyond Control UI/Webchat (trusted-proxy forwarded flows remain supported).\n- Apply browser-origin auth failure throttling with loopback exemption disabled.\n- Block silent auto-pairing for non-Control-UI browser-origin clients.\n\n## Release Process Note\n\n`patched_versions` is pre-set to the planned next npm release (`2026.2.25`) so once that release is published, the advisory is published.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @luz-oasis for reporting.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-03T22:18:09Z","modified":"2026-03-20T21:13:30Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-287","CWE-307","CWE-346"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:39:39.567266Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-32025","description":"OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 contain an authentication hardening gap in browser-origin WebSocket clients that allows attackers to bypass origin checks and auth throttling on loopback deployments. An attacker can trick a user into opening a malicious webpage and perform password brute-force attacks against the gateway to establish an authenticated operator session and invoke control-plane methods.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-19T22:16:37.21Z","modified":"2026-06-17T10:34:57.883Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-307"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:10.126802Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-32025","title":"OpenClaw \u003c 2026.2.25 - Password Brute-Force via Browser-Origin WebSocket Authentication Bypass","description":"OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 contain an authentication hardening gap in browser-origin WebSocket clients that allows attackers to bypass origin checks and auth throttling on loopback deployments. An attacker can trick a user into opening a malicious webpage and perform password brute-force attacks against the gateway to establish an authenticated operator session and invoke control-plane methods.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-19T22:07:01.072Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:08.836271762Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-307"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:01.218144Z"},{"id":"GHSA-jmmg-jqc7-5qf4","title":"OpenClaw's browser-origin WebSocket auth hardening gap could enable loopback password brute-force chains","description":"This issue is a browser-origin WebSocket auth chain on local loopback deployments using password auth. It is serious, but conditional: an attacker must get the user to open a malicious page and then successfully guess the gateway password.\n\n## Context and Preconditions\n\nOpenClaw’s web/gateway surface is designed for local use and trusted-operator workflows. In affected versions, a browser-origin client could combine three behaviors:\n\n- Origin checks not enforced for some non-Control-UI WebSocket client IDs.\n- Loopback auth attempts exempt from password-failure throttling.\n- Silent local pairing path available to browser-origin non-Control-UI clients.\n\nSuccessful exploitation requires all of the following:\n\n- Gateway reachable on loopback (default).\n- Password auth mode in use.\n- Victim opens attacker-controlled web content.\n- Password is guessable within feasible brute-force/dictionary attempts.\n\n## Practical Impact\n\nIf the password is guessed, an attacker can establish an authenticated operator WebSocket session and invoke control-plane methods available to that role. This is not an unauthenticated internet-exposed RCE class issue by itself; it is a local browser-origin auth-hardening gap with meaningful impact under the conditions above.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected versions: `\u003c=2026.2.24` (latest published npm version as of February 26, 2026)\n- Patched versions : `\u003e=2026.2.25`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `c736f11a16d6bc27ea62a0fe40fffae4cb071fdb`\n\n## Fix Details\n\n- Enforce browser-origin checks for direct browser WebSocket clients beyond Control UI/Webchat (trusted-proxy forwarded flows remain supported).\n- Apply browser-origin auth failure throttling with loopback exemption disabled.\n- Block silent auto-pairing for non-Control-UI browser-origin clients.\n\n## Release Process Note\n\n`patched_versions` is pre-set to the planned next npm release (`2026.2.25`) so once that release is published, the advisory is published.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @luz-oasis for reporting.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-03T22:18:09Z","modified":"2026-03-20T21:18:50.81398Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"high"},{"version":"4.0","score":5.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-287","CWE-307","CWE-346"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:50.687609Z"}]}}