{"id":"CVE-2026-33173","aliases":["DEBIAN-CVE-2026-33173","EUVD-2026-14626","GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-33173"],"status":"published","title":"Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.00406,"percentile":0.3534,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-925"],"published":"2026-03-23T20:54:16Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:09Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","fixed_in":["8.1.2.1","8.0.4.1","7.2.3.1"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"rails","fixed_in":["2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u3"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"rails","fixed_in":["2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-2~deb13u2"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"rails","fixed_in":["2:7.2.3.1+dfsg-1"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"8.1.0.beta1"},{"fixed":"8.1.2.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"8.0.0.beta1"},{"fixed":"8.0.4.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"7.2.3.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"rails","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u3"}]}],"versions":["2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u1","2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u2","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-1","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-10","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-11","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-12","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-13","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-2","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-2~deb12u1","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-3","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-4","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-5","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-6","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-7","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-7~exp1","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-8","2:6.1.7.3+dfsg-9"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"rails","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-2~deb13u2"}]}],"versions":["2:7.2.2.1+dfsg-7","2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-1","2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-2~deb13u1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"rails","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2:7.2.3.1+dfsg-1"}]}],"versions":["2:7.2.2.1+dfsg-7","2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-1","2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-2","2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-2~deb13u1","2:7.2.2.2+dfsg-2~deb13u2","2:7.2.3+dfsg-1","2:7.2.3+dfsg-2","2:7.2.3+dfsg-3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"8.1.0.beta1"},{"fixed":"8.1.2.1"}]}],"versions":["8.1.0","8.1.0.beta1","8.1.0.rc1","8.1.1","8.1.2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"8.0.0.beta1"},{"fixed":"8.0.4.1"}]}],"versions":["8.0.0","8.0.0.1","8.0.0.beta1","8.0.0.rc1","8.0.0.rc2","8.0.1","8.0.2","8.0.2.1","8.0.3","8.0.4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"RubyGems","package":"activestorage","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"7.2.3.1"}]}],"versions":["0.1","5.2.0","5.2.0.beta1","5.2.0.beta2","5.2.0.rc1","5.2.0.rc2","5.2.1","5.2.1.1","5.2.1.rc1","5.2.2","5.2.2.1","5.2.2.rc1","5.2.3","5.2.3.rc1","5.2.4","5.2.4.1","5.2.4.2","5.2.4.3","5.2.4.4","5.2.4.5","5.2.4.6","5.2.4.rc1","5.2.5","5.2.6","5.2.6.1","5.2.6.2","5.2.6.3","5.2.7","5.2.7.1","5.2.8","5.2.8.1","6.0.0","6.0.0.beta1","6.0.0.beta2","6.0.0.beta3","6.0.0.rc1","6.0.0.rc2","6.0.1","6.0.1.rc1","6.0.2","6.0.2.1","6.0.2.2","6.0.2.rc1","6.0.2.rc2","6.0.3","6.0.3.1","6.0.3.2","6.0.3.3","6.0.3.4","6.0.3.5","6.0.3.6","6.0.3.7","6.0.3.rc1","6.0.4","6.0.4.1","6.0.4.2","6.0.4.3","6.0.4.4","6.0.4.5","6.0.4.6","6.0.4.7","6.0.4.8","6.0.5","6.0.5.1","6.0.6","6.0.6.1","6.1.0","6.1.0.rc1","6.1.0.rc2","6.1.1","6.1.2","6.1.2.1","6.1.3","6.1.3.1","6.1.3.2","6.1.4","6.1.4.1","6.1.4.2","6.1.4.3","6.1.4.4","6.1.4.5","6.1.4.6","6.1.4.7","6.1.5","6.1.5.1","6.1.6","6.1.6.1","6.1.7","6.1.7.1","6.1.7.10","6.1.7.2","6.1.7.3","6.1.7.4","6.1.7.5","6.1.7.6","6.1.7.7","6.1.7.8","6.1.7.9","7.0.0","7.0.0.alpha1","7.0.0.alpha2","7.0.0.rc1","7.0.0.rc2","7.0.0.rc3","7.0.1","7.0.10","7.0.2","7.0.2.1","7.0.2.2","7.0.2.3","7.0.2.4","7.0.3","7.0.3.1","7.0.4","7.0.4.1","7.0.4.2","7.0.4.3","7.0.5","7.0.5.1","7.0.6","7.0.7","7.0.7.1","7.0.7.2","7.0.8","7.0.8.1","7.0.8.2","7.0.8.3","7.0.8.4","7.0.8.5","7.0.8.6","7.0.8.7","7.1.0","7.1.0.beta1","7.1.0.rc1","7.1.0.rc2","7.1.1","7.1.2","7.1.3","7.1.3.1","7.1.3.2","7.1.3.3","7.1.3.4","7.1.4","7.1.4.1","7.1.4.2","7.1.5","7.1.5.1","7.1.5.2","7.1.6","7.2.0","7.2.0.beta1","7.2.0.beta2","7.2.0.beta3","7.2.0.rc1","7.2.1","7.2.1.1","7.2.1.2","7.2.2","7.2.2.1","7.2.2.2","7.2.3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS","package":"rails","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2:4.1.10-1","2:4.2.5-1","2:4.2.5.1-1","2:4.2.5.2-2","2:4.2.6-1","2:4.2.6-1ubuntu0.1~esm1","2:4.2.6-1ubuntu0.1~esm2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:L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Advisory","advisory","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/707c0f1f41f067fdf96d54e99d43b28dfaae7e53","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Patch","fix","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/8fcb934caadc79c8cc4ce53287046d0f67005b3e","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Patch","fix","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d9502f5214e2198245a4c1defe9cd02a7c8057d0","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Patch","fix","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.2.3.1","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Release Notes","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.4.1","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Release Notes","web","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Release Notes","web","report"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33173","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activestorage/CVE-2026-33173.yml","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/33xxx/CVE-2026-33173.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-33173","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-33173","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-33173","tags":["report"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-33173","title":"Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-23T23:21:29.843Z","modified":"2026-03-24T15:12:50.569Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-925"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:20:07.609948Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-14626","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-23T23:21:29Z","modified":"2026-03-24T15:12:50Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T19:25:29.933437Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg","title":"Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads","description":"### Impact\nActive Storage's `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a malicious direct-upload client could set these flags.\n\n### Releases\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\n### Credit\nThis was responsible reported by Hackerone researcher [pwnie](https://hackerone.com/pwnie)","status":"published","published":"2026-03-23T20:54:16Z","modified":"2026-05-13T16:15:57Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-925"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:08.003212Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-33173","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-24T00:16:28.457Z","modified":"2026-06-17T10:37:04.677Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-925"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:10.568062Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-33173","title":"Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-23T23:21:29.843Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:09.90089898Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-925"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:01.548715Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2026-33173","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-24T00:16:28.457Z","modified":"2026-10-08T18:00:07.107898326Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:54.587575Z"},{"id":"GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg","title":"Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads","description":"### Impact\nActive Storage's `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a malicious direct-upload client could set these flags.\n\n### Releases\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\n### Credit\nThis was responsible reported by Hackerone researcher [pwnie](https://hackerone.com/pwnie)","status":"published","published":"2026-03-23T20:54:16Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:40.554166531Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-925"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:54.40888Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2026-33173","description":"Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.","status":"published","published":"2026-03-24T00:16:00Z","modified":"2026-10-17T12:58:10.525054833Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"},{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:56:16.036833Z"}]}}