{"id":"CVE-2026-40079","aliases":["DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40079","EUVD-2026-39150","GHSA-xq98-376r-hv9j","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-40079"],"status":"published","title":"Cacti: Command Injection via escape_command() no-op in RRDtool execution","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.0169,"percentile":0.77363,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-78","CWE-88"],"published":"2026-06-24T23:26:40Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:33Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"cacti","fixed_in":["1.2.31+ds1-1"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:12","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.24+ds1-1","1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u1","1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u2","1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u3","1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u4","1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u5","1.2.25+ds1-1","1.2.25+ds1-2","1.2.26+ds1-1","1.2.27+ds1-1","1.2.27+ds1-2","1.2.28+ds1-1","1.2.28+ds1-2","1.2.28+ds1-3","1.2.28+ds1-4","1.2.30+ds1-1","1.2.30+ds1-2","1.2.30+ds1-3","1.2.31+ds1-1","1.2.31+ds1-2","1.2.31+ds1-3","1.2.31+ds1-4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:13","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.30+ds1-1","1.2.30+ds1-2","1.2.30+ds1-3","1.2.31+ds1-1","1.2.31+ds1-2","1.2.31+ds1-3","1.2.31+ds1-4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Debian:14","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.2.31+ds1-1"}]}],"versions":["1.2.30+ds1-1","1.2.30+ds1-2","1.2.30+ds1-3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:14.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["0.8.8b+dfsg-3","0.8.8b+dfsg-5","0.8.8b+dfsg-5ubuntu0.1","0.8.8b+dfsg-5ubuntu0.2","0.8.8b+dfsg-5ubuntu0.2+esm1","0.8.8b+dfsg-5ubuntu0.2+esm2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["0.8.8f+ds1-2","0.8.8f+ds1-3","0.8.8f+ds1-4","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu1","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu2","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu3","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu4","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu4.16.04","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu4.16.04.1","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu4.16.04.2","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu4.16.04.2+esm1","0.8.8f+ds1-4ubuntu4.16.04.2+esm2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.1.18+ds1-1","1.1.27+ds1-2","1.1.27+ds1-3","1.1.28+ds1-2","1.1.35+ds1-1","1.1.36+ds1-1","1.1.38+ds1-1","1.1.38+ds1-1ubuntu0.1~esm1","1.1.38+ds1-1ubuntu0.1~esm3","1.1.38+ds1-1ubuntu0.1~esm4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.4+ds1-2ubuntu3","1.2.9+ds1-1ubuntu1","1.2.9+ds1-1ubuntu2","1.2.10+ds1-1ubuntu1","1.2.10+ds1-1ubuntu1+esm1","1.2.10+ds1-1ubuntu1.1","1.2.10+ds1-1ubuntu1.1+esm1","1.2.10+ds1-1ubuntu1.1+esm2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.16+ds1-2ubuntu1","1.2.19+ds1-2ubuntu1","1.2.19+ds1-2ubuntu1+esm1","1.2.19+ds1-2ubuntu1.1","1.2.19+ds1-2ubuntu1.1+esm1","1.2.19+ds1-2ubuntu1.1+esm2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.25+ds1-2","1.2.26+ds1-1","1.2.26+ds1-1ubuntu0.1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:25.10","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.28+ds1-4ubuntu1","1.2.30+ds1-1ubuntu1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.10","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.30+ds1-1ubuntu2","1.2.30+ds1-1ubuntu3","1.2.31+ds1-3ubuntu2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.04:LTS","package":"cacti","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["1.2.30+ds1-1ubuntu1","1.2.30+ds1-1ubuntu2"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"cacti","product":"cacti"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-xq98-376r-hv9j","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","Mitigation","Patch","Vendor Advisory","advisory","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/4c09efaebf3a9faec66969d0b5c4aceaf397f37f","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","Patch","fix","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40079.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40079","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-40079","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-40079","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-40079","tags":["report"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-40079","title":"Cacti: Command Injection via escape_command() no-op in RRDtool execution","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-24T23:26:40.623Z","modified":"2026-06-25T23:17:29.519Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L","level":"high","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-78","CWE-88"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:43:22.599321Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-39150","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-24T23:26:40Z","modified":"2026-06-25T23:17:29Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:20:25.316004Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-40079","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T00:17:47.57Z","modified":"2026-06-26T00:16:51.91Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-78","CWE-88"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:25.67873Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-40079","title":"Cacti: Command Injection via escape_command() no-op in RRDtool execution","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-24T23:26:40.623Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:33.223067029Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-78","CWE-88"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:03.040464Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40079","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T00:17:47.57Z","modified":"2026-10-01T03:03:11.423059633Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:54.892385Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2026-40079","description":"Cacti is an open source performance and fault management framework. Versions 1.2.30 and prior are vulnerable to Command Injection due to lack of sanitization in the escape_command() function. The escape_command() function at lib/rrd.php is a no-op: it returns $command unchanged. The command line built by rrdtool_function_graph() is passed through this function and then to shell_exec($full_commandline). The risk is in __rrd_execute() where text_format values from graph templates (which may contain host variable substitutions) reach shell_exec without adequate escaping. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.31.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T00:17:00Z","modified":"2026-10-17T13:00:03.525635505Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L","level":"high"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:56:16.686388Z"}]}}