{"id":"CVE-2026-42789","aliases":["AZL-89172","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-42789","EEF-CVE-2026-42789","EUVD-2026-32272","GHSA-c99q-jmpx-v8qq","RHSA-2026:39809","RHSA-2026:54757","RHSA-2026:63160","SUSE-SU-2026:22082-1","SUSE-SU-2026:3579-1","SUSE-SU-2026:3645-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-42789","USN-8901-1","openSUSE-SU-2026:10947-1","openSUSE-SU-2026:11559-1","openSUSE-SU-2026:20907-1"],"status":"published","title":"Non-CA certificate accepted as intermediate issuer in public_key path validation","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00383,"percentile":0.32625,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-295","CWE-296"],"published":"2026-05-27T12:23:06Z","modified":"2026-10-28T20:17:47Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"Azure 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at.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54891","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54886","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-48860","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-48858","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-48855","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-42791","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-49759","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_63160.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2481950","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-42791","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42791","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-42791.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/7995f1fdaee3da569bb810358ce0f546471d169b","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/b3870e02405c709a872b01ba6086065620cdfe76","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-cjxj-wj6x-3fff","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-42791","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487603","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48855","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48855","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-48855.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/8f4224a0d2676b0653d2c71a889a956e8c2c62d6","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-pv7g-pjrq-x2fh","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-48855","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487593","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48858","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48858","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-48858.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/2691a806231ffd0490a8a9e20500dec0c7e73727","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/521bcfa24407ee8cb5614823cf905c37ea3aa605","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-24cv-hwgr-37fq","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-48858","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487597","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-48860","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48860","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-48860.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/0209a6df65d605552b378273027b3968b35f26b4","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-gp7x-mfv6-52cv","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-48860","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487607","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49759","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49759","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-49759.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/3983d495284331c121f600a80bac9fcf4e16381e","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-6f4f-chj5-5g97","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-49759","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2496623","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54886","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54886","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54886.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/eaf9550b8ad4738b81149d3f617102d980c6dd18","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-7wp4-pc27-2vj9","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-54886","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2496625","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54891","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54891","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54891.html","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/07d2d0e93f6aaf7652a81e8df075fc1728da5e96","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-gf6r-99xw-6qg6","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulner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6-53422","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54886","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54887","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54891","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55737","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55950","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55952","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55953","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-58227","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-59250","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-59251","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/support/update/announcement/2026/suse-su-20263645-1/","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-42789","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8901-1","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-4748","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-26618","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-30211","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-21620","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-23942","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-23943","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-28808","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-28810","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-32144","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-32147","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-42790","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-42791","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-47078","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-48855","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-48856","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-48858","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-48860","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-49759","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-49760","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-53422","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-54886","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-54887","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-54891","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-55950","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-55952","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-65634","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-68956","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-74994","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-89422","tags":["report"]},{"url":"","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-48038","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-48039","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-21620","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23941","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23942","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23943","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28808","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-32144","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54890","tags":["web"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-42789","title":"Non-CA certificate accepted as intermediate issuer in public_key path validation","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T12:23:06.355Z","modified":"2026-10-14T16:55:37.359Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high","assessor":"cna"},{"version":"3.1","score":8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"high","assessor":"adp"}],"cwes":["CWE-295","CWE-296","CWE-295"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:40:23.731501Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-32272","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T12:23:06Z","modified":"2026-10-14T16:55:37Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T17:27:14.304159Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-42789","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T14:16:53.267Z","modified":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":4.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"},{"version":"3.1","score":8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-295","CWE-296"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:20.511562Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-42789","title":"Non-CA certificate accepted as intermediate issuer in public_key path validation","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T12:23:06.355Z","modified":"2026-10-28T03:00:46.307108215Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-295","CWE-296"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:04.117819Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2026-42789","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.  In lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.  Any party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.  This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T14:16:53.267Z","modified":"2026-10-27T10:01:28.578552298Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:55.251751Z"},{"id":"EEF-CVE-2026-42789","title":"Non-CA certificate accepted as intermediate issuer in public_key path validation","description":"## Summary\n\nImproper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP `public_key` (`pubkey_cert` module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn `lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl`, `pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7` contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with `basicConstraints cA:false` and no `keyUsage` extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to `public_key:pkix_path_validation/3`: the `cA:false` clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the `keyUsage` check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking `keyUsage` entirely bypasses the `keyCertSign` enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with `basicConstraints cA:false` and no `keyUsage` extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. `public_key:pkix_path_validation/3` accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP `ssl` application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nThe `verify_fun` option in the `ssl` or `public_key` application can be used to ensure that path validation rejects chains where an intermediate certificate does not have `basicConstraints cA:true`.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T12:23:06.355Z","modified":"2026-10-14T17:01:07.895774215Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-295","CWE-296"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:33.047032Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:39809","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18.0 (erlang) security update","status":"published","published":"2026-07-16T10:10:35Z","modified":"2026-09-22T10:12:20Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:20.491441Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:54757","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 security advisory","status":"published","published":"2026-08-14T10:17:08Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:11:14Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:21.457353Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:63160","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update","status":"published","published":"2026-09-09T10:19:44Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:43:33.918623083Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:21.91255Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2026-42789","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery. In lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement. Any party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T14:16:00Z","modified":"2026-10-28T20:17:47.904764456Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"},{"version":"3.1","score":8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N","level":"high"},{"version":"3.1","score":4.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:56:18.393417Z"},{"id":"AZL-89172","title":"CVE-2026-42789 affecting package erlang for versions less than 26.2.5.21-1","description":"Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery.\n\nIn lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement.\n\nAny party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 27.3.4.19, OTP 28.5.0.8, and OTP 29.1.2, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.17.1.7, 1.20.3.6, and 1.21.8. Whether OTP before OTP 17.0, corresponding to public_key before 0.22, is affected is unknown.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T14:16:53Z","modified":"2026-10-15T14:17:13.110640613Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:28:11.069402Z"},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2026:10947-1","title":"erlang27-27.1.3-2.1 on GA media","description":"These are all security issues fixed in the erlang27-27.1.3-2.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-06-04T09:00:08.489232736Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:38.95195Z"},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2026:11559-1","title":"erlang-28.5.0.4-1.1 on GA media","description":"These are all security issues fixed in the erlang-28.5.0.4-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","modified":"2026-08-21T09:15:09.246696292Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:39.516824Z"},{"id":"openSUSE-SU-2026:20907-1","title":"Security update for erlang","description":"This update for erlang fixes the following issues\n\n- CVE-2025-4748: improper limitation of a pathname may lead to path traversal (bsc#1244642).\n- CVE-2026-32147: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') in SFTP chroot\n  (bsc#1262503).\n- CVE-2026-42789: `public_key` application accepts non-CA certificates as intermediate issuers and this enables chain\n  forgery (bsc#1266449).\n- CVE-2026-42790: Name Constraints and Subject CommonName fallback in TLS hostname verification allows for certificate\n  forgery by MITM attacker (bsc#1266466).\n- CVE-2026-42791: OCSP response verification in the `public_key` application does not check the validity period of the\n  OCSP responder certificate and allows for OCSP response response forgery (bsc#1266448).\n","status":"published","published":"2026-06-05T11:01:03Z","modified":"2026-06-09T18:24:31.025873668Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:41.885092Z"},{"id":"SUSE-SU-2026:22082-1","title":"Security update for erlang","description":"This update for erlang fixes the following issues\n\n- CVE-2025-4748: improper limitation of a pathname may lead to path traversal (bsc#1244642).\n- CVE-2026-32147: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') in SFTP chroot\n  (bsc#1262503).\n- CVE-2026-42789: `public_key` application accepts non-CA certificates as intermediate issuers and this enables chain\n  forgery (bsc#1266449).\n- CVE-2026-42790: Name Constraints and Subject CommonName fallback in TLS hostname verification allows for certificate\n  forgery by MITM attacker (bsc#1266466).\n- CVE-2026-42791: OCSP response verification in the `public_key` application does not check the validity period of the\n  OCSP responder certificate and allows for OCSP response response forgery (bsc#1266448).\n","status":"published","published":"2026-06-05T10:59:34Z","modified":"2026-06-16T18:24:37.610969319Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:54:02.654057Z"},{"id":"SUSE-SU-2026:3579-1","title":"Security update for erlang26","description":"This update for erlang26 fixes the following issues:\n\n- CVE-2026-28810: predictable DNS transaction IDs can cause DNS cache poisoning (bsc#1261726).\n- CVE-2026-42789: `public_key` application accepts non-CA certificates as intermediate issuers and this enables chain\n  forgery (bsc#1266449).\n- CVE-2026-42790: Name constraints and `Subject CommonName` fallback in TLS hostname verification allows for certificate\n  forgery by MITM attacker (bsc#1266466).\n- CVE-2026-42792: permanent `epmd` DoS via connection slot exhaustion due to improper handling of exceptional\n  conditions (bsc#1272908).\n- CVE-2026-47078: relative path traversal in `zip:unzip/zip:extract` via `check_dir_level` depth-counter bypass\n  (bsc#1272909).\n- CVE-2026-48855: SFTP `READLINK` response leaks absolute backend filesystem path when root is configured (bsc#1268139).\n- CVE-2026-48856: `httpc` leaks `Authorization` headers to cross-origin redirect targets (bsc#1268141).\n- CVE-2026-48858: server-side request forgery allows FTP bounce attacks and SSRF via an unvalidated `PASV` response IP\n  address (bsc#1268142).\n- CVE-2026-48860: `ssl` (`inet_tls_dist` module) allows unauthenticated bypass of the distribution-over-TLS LAN\n  allowlist (bsc#1268146).\n- CVE-2026-49759: unbounded stack buffer overflow in SCTP error cause parsing in `inet_drv` (bsc#1268163).\n- CVE-2026-49760: stack buffer overflow in `ei_s_print_term` at very large integer (bsc#1268164).\n- CVE-2026-53422: SFTP `REALPATH` path-existence oracle allows filesystem enumeration outside configured root\n  (bsc#1270245).\n- CVE-2026-54886: SSH SFTP server denial of service via extended channel data infinite loop (bsc#1270246).\n- CVE-2026-54887: use of default cryptographic key allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the startup window\n  (bsc#1270247).\n- CVE-2026-54891: plaintext injection towards (D)TLS client during handshake (bsc#1270250).\n- CVE-2026-55737: heap pointer corruption via signed/unsigned mismatch in `LARGE_TUPLE_EXTP` decoding in `erts`\n  external term format decoder (bsc#1272910).\n- CVE-2026-55950: time-of-check time-of-use race condition allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash all active\n  DTLS sessions on a listener (bsc#1270253).\n- CVE-2026-55952: missing validation allows for DoS of the TLS-1.3 server when clients send a malformed `ClientHello`\n  with mismatched PSK identity and binder list lengths (bsc#1270258).\n- CVE-2026-55953: TLS 1.2 and DTLS clients accept unoffered anonymous cipher suites and allow for server authentication\n  bypass (bsc#1272911).\n- CVE-2026-58227: TLS/DTLS denial of service via unbounded recursion on cross-signed peer certificate chain\n  (bsc#1272913).\n- CVE-2026-59250: `megaco` flex scanner buffer overflow via oversized property parm name (bsc#1272914).\n- CVE-2026-59251: denial of service via exponential certificate policy tree growth in path validation (bsc#1272915).\n","status":"published","published":"2026-08-11T14:05:54Z","modified":"2026-08-12T10:45:06.178233719Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:54:05.392906Z"},{"id":"SUSE-SU-2026:3645-1","title":"Security update for erlang","description":"This update for erlang fixes the following issues:\n\n- CVE-2026-28810: predictable DNS transaction IDs can cause DNS cache poisoning (bsc#1261726).\n- CVE-2026-42789: `public_key` application accepts non-CA certificates as intermediate issuers and this enables chain\n  forgery (bsc#1266449).\n- CVE-2026-42790: Name constraints and `Subject CommonName` fallback in TLS hostname verification allows for certificate\n  forgery by MITM attacker (bsc#1266466).\n- CVE-2026-42792: permanent `epmd` DoS via connection slot exhaustion due to improper handling of exceptional\n  conditions (bsc#1272908).\n- CVE-2026-47078: relative path traversal in `zip:unzip/zip:extract` via `check_dir_level` depth-counter bypass\n  (bsc#1272909).\n- CVE-2026-48855: SFTP `READLINK` response leaks absolute backend filesystem path when root is configured (bsc#1268139).\n- CVE-2026-48856: `httpc` leaks `Authorization` headers to cross-origin redirect targets (bsc#1268141).\n- CVE-2026-48858: server-side request forgery allows FTP bounce attacks and SSRF via an unvalidated `PASV` response IP\n  address (bsc#1268142).\n- CVE-2026-49759: unbounded stack buffer overflow in SCTP error cause parsing in `inet_drv` (bsc#1268163).\n- CVE-2026-49760: stack buffer overflow in `ei_s_print_term` at very large integer (bsc#1268164).\n- CVE-2026-53422: SFTP `REALPATH` path-existence oracle allows filesystem enumeration outside configured root\n  (bsc#1270245).\n- CVE-2026-54886: SSH SFTP server denial of service via extended channel data infinite loop (bsc#1270246).\n- CVE-2026-54887: use of default cryptographic key allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the startup window\n  (bsc#1270247).\n- CVE-2026-54891: plaintext injection towards (D)TLS client during handshake (bsc#1270250).\n- CVE-2026-55737: heap pointer corruption via signed/unsigned mismatch in `LARGE_TUPLE_EXTP` decoding in `erts`\n  external term format decoder (bsc#1272910).\n- CVE-2026-55952: missing validation allows for DoS of the TLS-1.3 server when clients send a malformed `ClientHello`\n  with mismatched PSK identity and binder list lengths (bsc#1270258).\n- CVE-2026-55953: TLS 1.2 and DTLS clients accept unoffered anonymous cipher suites and allow for server authentication\n  bypass (bsc#1272911).\n- CVE-2026-58227: TLS/DTLS denial of service via unbounded recursion on cross-signed peer certificate chain\n  (bsc#1272913).\n- CVE-2026-59250: `megaco` flex scanner buffer overflow via oversized property parm name (bsc#1272914).\n","status":"published","published":"2026-08-18T18:14:04Z","modified":"2026-08-21T09:15:05.747880529Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:54:05.392906Z"},{"id":"USN-8901-1","title":"erlang vulnerabilities","description":"Wander Nauta discovered that Erlang incorrectly handled absolute paths when\nextracting zip archives. An attacker could possibly use this issue to write\narbitrary files outside of the intended directory. This issue only affected\nUbuntu 16.04 LTS, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. (CVE-2025-4748)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SFTP server did not properly limit the\nsize of packets. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause\nErlang to use excessive resources, leading to a denial of service. This\nissue only affected Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, and\nUbuntu 18.04 LTS. (CVE-2025-26618)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SSH server did not properly limit the\nlength of algorithm names in key exchange messages. A remote attacker could\npossibly use this issue to cause Erlang to use excessive resources, leading\nto a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 14.04 LTS,\nUbuntu 16.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. (CVE-2025-30211)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang TFTP server incorrectly handled certain\nfile paths. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to access files\noutside of the intended directory. (CVE-2026-21620)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SFTP server incorrectly validated paths\nagainst the configured root directory. An authenticated user could possibly\nuse this issue to access files outside of the root directory.\n(CVE-2026-23942)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SSH server enabled zlib compression by\ndefault and did not limit the size of decompressed data. A remote attacker\ncould possibly use this issue to cause Erlang to use excessive resources,\nleading to a denial of service. (CVE-2026-23943)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang HTTP server incorrectly applied directory\naccess controls to CGI scripts served via script aliases. A remote attacker\ncould possibly use this issue to bypass authentication and access protected\nCGI scripts. (CVE-2026-28808)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang DNS resolver used predictable transaction\nIDs and did not randomize source ports. A remote attacker could possibly\nuse this issue to perform DNS cache poisoning attacks. This issue only\naffected Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS.\n(CVE-2026-28810)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang did not verify the signatures of designated\nOCSP responder certificates. A remote attacker could possibly use this\nissue to forge OCSP responses and bypass certificate revocation checks.\nThis issue only affected Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-32144)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SFTP server incorrectly handled file\nattribute changes on open file handles. An authenticated user could\npossibly use this issue to modify the attributes of files outside of the\nroot directory. (CVE-2026-32147)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang incorrectly allowed non-CA certificates to\nact as intermediate certificate issuers. A remote attacker could possibly\nuse this issue to forge certificate chains. (CVE-2026-42789)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang incorrectly handled DNS name constraints\nduring hostname verification. A remote attacker could possibly use this\nissue to bypass certificate validation. This issue only affected\nUbuntu 18.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and\nUbuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-42790)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang did not check the validity period of OCSP\nresponder certificates. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to\nforge OCSP responses using an expired responder certificate. This issue\nonly affected Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-42791)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang incorrectly handled relative paths when\nextracting zip archives. An attacker could possibly use this issue to write\narbitrary files outside of the intended directory. This issue only affected\nUbuntu 18.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and\nUbuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-47078)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SFTP server exposed absolute paths when\nreading symbolic links. An authenticated user could possibly use this issue\nto obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2026-48855)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang HTTP client forwarded authorization\nheaders on cross-origin redirects. A malicious HTTP server could possibly\nuse this issue to obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2026-48856)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang FTP client did not validate the IP\naddress in passive mode responses. A malicious FTP server could possibly\nuse this issue to perform server-side request forgery attacks.\n(CVE-2026-48858)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang checked the local address instead of the peer\naddress when enforcing the allowlist for distribution over TLS. A remote\nattacker could possibly use this issue to bypass access restrictions. This\nissue only affected Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-48860)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang incorrectly handled certain SCTP ERROR\nchunks, leading to a buffer overflow. A remote attacker could possibly use\nthis issue to cause Erlang to crash, resulting in a denial of service.\n(CVE-2026-49759)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang erl_interface library incorrectly handled\nprinting very large integers, leading to a buffer overflow. An attacker\ncould possibly use this issue to cause Erlang to crash or execute arbitrary\ncode. (CVE-2026-49760)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SFTP server incorrectly handled certain\npath resolution requests. An authenticated user could possibly use this\nissue to determine the existence of files outside of the root directory.\n(CVE-2026-53422)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SFTP server incorrectly handled extended\nchannel data, leading to an infinite loop. An authenticated user could\npossibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2026-54886)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang DTLS server used a predictable cookie\nsecret on startup. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to\nbypass source address verification. This issue only affected\nUbuntu 18.04 LTS, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and\nUbuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-54887)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang TLS clients incorrectly accepted application\ndata before the handshake was completed. A remote attacker could possibly\nuse this issue to inject arbitrary data into TLS connections.\n(CVE-2026-54891)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang DTLS server contained a race condition\nwhen handling rapid client reconnections. A remote attacker could possibly\nuse this issue to cause Erlang to crash, resulting in a denial of service.\nThis issue only affected Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS.\n(CVE-2026-55950)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang did not properly validate TLS 1.3 pre-shared\nkey extensions. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause\nErlang to crash, resulting in a denial of service. This issue only affected\nUbuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS.\n(CVE-2026-55952)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang ASN.1 decoder incorrectly handled certain\nobject identifiers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to\ncause Erlang to use excessive resources, leading to a denial of service.\n(CVE-2026-65634)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang SSH server did not properly limit the\nnumber of open channels. An authenticated user could possibly use this\nissue to cause Erlang to use excessive resources, leading to a denial of\nservice. This issue only affected Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS,\nUbuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS.\n(CVE-2026-68956)\n\nIt was discovered that the Erlang HTTP server incorrectly shared users and\ngroups between directories when using dets or mnesia authentication\nbackends. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to bypass\nauthentication and access protected directories. (CVE-2026-74994)\n\nIt was discovered that Erlang TLS clients incorrectly accepted unsolicited\nTLS 1.3 pre-shared keys from servers. A remote attacker could possibly use\nthis issue to impersonate servers. This issue only affected\nUbuntu 20.04 LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS.\n(CVE-2026-89422)","status":"published","published":"2026-10-08T12:01:56Z","modified":"2026-10-08T19:58:53.589918012Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:58:26.907654Z"}]}}