{"id":"CVE-2026-44974","aliases":["CLSA-2026-1789069337","EUVD-2026-45313","GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-44974"],"status":"published","title":"Parameter smuggling in @hapi/content header parser allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters","description":"@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-11","score":0.00472,"percentile":0.41271,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-436"],"published":"2026-05-27T00:37:20Z","modified":"2026-11-03T13:15:07Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"@hapi/content","fixed_in":["6.0.2"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@hapi/content","fixed_in":["6.0.0-aikido.3","6.0.1-aikido.1","6.0.2-aikido.1"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/hapi__content","fixed_in":["6.0.0-root.io.3","6.0.1-root.io.1","6.0.2-root.io.1"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"@hapi/content","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"6.0.2"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"@hapi/content","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"5.0.2-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"5.0.2-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["5.0.2"],"bundled":2},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"@hapi/content","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"6.0.2"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@hapi/content","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"6.0.0-aikido.3"},{"fixed":"6.0.1-aikido.1"},{"fixed":"6.0.2-aikido.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/hapi__content","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"6.0.0-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"6.0.1-root.io.1"},{"fixed":"6.0.2-root.io.1"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"hapijs","product":"content"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/hapijs/content/security/advisories/GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/hapijs/content/commit/3850079550c191d25e3643dc82a6d61144db8c2f","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44974.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44974","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/hapijs/content","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-44974","title":"Parameter smuggling in @hapi/content header parser allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters","description":"@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-17T20:11:44.25Z","modified":"2026-07-21T02:16:04.352Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-436"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:43:00.288193Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-45313","description":"@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-17T20:11:44Z","modified":"2026-07-21T02:16:04Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:19:47.959089Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8","title":"@hapi/content header parser has a parameter smuggling issue that allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters","description":"### Impact\nThe two parsers resolved duplicates inconsistently and silently:\n- `Content.disposition()` retained the last occurrence of each parameter.\n- `Content.type()` retained the first occurrence of charset and boundary.\n\nEither behavior creates a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain (a WAF, reverse proxy, security filter, or alternate parser) resolves duplicates the opposite way. The primary attack vector is upload filename allowlist bypass:\n\n`Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\"`\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been patched in 6.0.2.\n\n### Workarounds\nPre or post validate headers looking for duplicates.\n\n### Resources\n- [RFC 6266 §4.1 — Content-Disposition syntax](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6266#section-4.1)\n- [RFC 7231 §3.1.1.1 — Content-Type syntax](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-3.1.1.1)\n- [RFC 7230 §3.2.6 — token character set](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230#section-3.2.6)","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T00:37:20Z","modified":"2026-05-27T00:37:20Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-436"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:14.666177Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-44974","description":"@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-17T20:17:16.727Z","modified":"2026-10-24T20:10:00.137Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"high","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-436"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:30.250437Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-44974","title":"Parameter smuggling in @hapi/content header parser allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters","description":"@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-17T20:11:44.25Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:10.888819056Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-436"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:05.172514Z"},{"id":"GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8","title":"@hapi/content header parser has a parameter smuggling issue that allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters","description":"### Impact\nThe two parsers resolved duplicates inconsistently and silently:\n- `Content.disposition()` retained the last occurrence of each parameter.\n- `Content.type()` retained the first occurrence of charset and boundary.\n\nEither behavior creates a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain (a WAF, reverse proxy, security filter, or alternate parser) resolves duplicates the opposite way. The primary attack vector is upload filename allowlist bypass:\n\n`Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\"`\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been patched in 6.0.2.\n\n### Workarounds\nPre or post validate headers looking for duplicates.\n\n### Resources\n- [RFC 6266 §4.1 — Content-Disposition syntax](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6266#section-4.1)\n- [RFC 7231 §3.1.1.1 — Content-Type syntax](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-3.1.1.1)\n- [RFC 7230 §3.2.6 — token character set](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230#section-3.2.6)","status":"published","published":"2026-05-27T00:37:20Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:51:04.335368532Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":7.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-436"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:35.406455Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1789069337","title":"TuxCare security update for @hapi/content (2 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt @hapi/content to address 2 CVEs. Fixed in 5.0.2-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-10T19:42:17Z","modified":"2026-10-30T19:46:02.85130058Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.938828Z"},{"id":"ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-44974","title":"CVE-2026-44974 in @hapi/content - Patched by Root","description":"Root has patched CVE-2026-44974 in the @hapi/content package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.","status":"published","published":"2026-11-03T12:06:45Z","modified":"2026-11-03T13:15:07.628794272Z","updated_at":"2026-11-03T13:33:04.521148Z"}]}}