{"id":"CVE-2026-57236","aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2026-57236","AZL-91068","BELL-CVE-2026-57236","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-57236","EUVD-2026-39419","GHSA-5v8h-3h3q-446p","RHSA-2026:50221","RHSA-2026:50222","RHSA-2026:50223","RHSA-2026:50263","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-57236"],"status":"published","title":"Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. 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Advisory","advisory","web","article","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5v8h-3h3q-446p"},{"url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-57236","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57236","tags":["web","advisory"]},{"url":"https://docs.bell-sw.com/security/cves/CVE-2026-57236","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/57xxx/CVE-2026-57236.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-57236","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri","tags":["package"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:50221","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#important","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-42697","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47597","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47598","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47599","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47601","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47602","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47604","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://issues.redhat.com/browse/SAT-47605","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_50221.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2332","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458187","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-2332","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2332","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/security/advisories/GHSA-355h-qmc2-wpwf","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://gitlab.eclipse.org/security/cve-assignment/-/issues/89","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-12515","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2489812","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-12515","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12515","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/Katello/katello/pull/11712","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54059","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2497464","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54059","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54059","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/blob/main/docs/releasenotes/12.3.0.rst","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/0a263e6264aa5399988d9acd3bbfbca2ca3ec77d","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-8v84-f9pq-wr9x","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54060","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2497466","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54060","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54060","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-5x94-69rx-g8h2","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54297","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492252","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-54297","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54297","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/lostisland/faraday/security/advisories/GHSA-98m9-hrrm-r99r","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55379","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2497452","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-55379","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55379","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-45hq-cxwh-f6vc","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55380","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2497455","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-55380","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55380","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f39b0ae6624eb2d7c5c5d651d9bb5fdbd96a8675","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm","tags":["article"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-57236","tags":["report"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.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Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T14:29:14.181Z","modified":"2026-06-25T15:32:43.266Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","level":"low","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-416"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:43:56.024247Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-39419","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T14:29:14Z","modified":"2026-06-25T15:32:43Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:20:25.700423Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-5v8h-3h3q-446p","title":"Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception","description":"### Summary\n\nCalling `Document#encoding=` with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to `Document#encoding` reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby `String`.\n\nAffects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected.\n\n### Severity\n\nThe Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as low severity. Reaching it requires an unusual API-usage pattern that does not arise during normal use. The application must pass an invalid encoding to `Document#encoding=`, rescue the resulting exception, and then continue using the same document. Nokogiri 1.19.4 makes this pattern safe with no change to the public API. The document no longer references freed memory after the exception is raised.\n\n### Mitigation\n\nUpgrade to Nokogiri 1.19.4 or later.\n\nIf users are unable to upgrade, avoid passing attacker-controlled values to `Document#encoding=`. Applications that only assign developer-authored encodings are not directly exposed.\n\n### Credit\n\nThis issue was responsibly reported by Zheng Yu from depthfirst.com.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-19T16:35:58Z","modified":"2026-06-19T16:36:00Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-416"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:30.53004Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-57236","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T15:16:40.627Z","modified":"2026-10-25T23:10:00.167Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-416"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:26.045561Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2026-57236","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T15:16:40.627Z","modified":"2026-11-08T16:30:02.980036803Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-08T16:37:21.591054Z"},{"id":"BELL-CVE-2026-57236","status":"published","published":"2026-06-27T06:13:06.379646Z","modified":"2026-07-14T07:15:04.966304776Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:28:24.657778Z"},{"id":"CVE-2026-57236","title":"Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T14:29:14.181Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:35.670155163Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-416"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:12.016252Z"},{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2026-57236","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T15:16:40.627Z","modified":"2026-10-26T11:47:31.1490845Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:57.590991Z"},{"id":"GHSA-5v8h-3h3q-446p","title":"Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception","description":"### Summary\n\nCalling `Document#encoding=` with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to `Document#encoding` reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby `String`.\n\nAffects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected.\n\n### Severity\n\nThe Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as low severity. Reaching it requires an unusual API-usage pattern that does not arise during normal use. The application must pass an invalid encoding to `Document#encoding=`, rescue the resulting exception, and then continue using the same document. Nokogiri 1.19.4 makes this pattern safe with no change to the public API. The document no longer references freed memory after the exception is raised.\n\n### Mitigation\n\nUpgrade to Nokogiri 1.19.4 or later.\n\nIf users are unable to upgrade, avoid passing attacker-controlled values to `Document#encoding=`. Applications that only assign developer-authored encodings are not directly exposed.\n\n### Credit\n\nThis issue was responsibly reported by Zheng Yu from depthfirst.com.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-19T16:35:58Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:48.44245497Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-416"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:38.911014Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:50221","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Satellite 6.19.3 Async Update","status":"published","published":"2026-08-05T10:37:32Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:10:20Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:20.984762Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:50222","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Satellite 6.17.10 Async Update","status":"published","published":"2026-08-05T10:37:33Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:10:21Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:20.984762Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:50223","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Satellite 6.16.12 Async Update","status":"published","published":"2026-08-05T10:37:33Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:10:22Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:20.984762Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:50263","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: Satellite 6.18.8 Async Update","status":"published","published":"2026-08-05T10:37:34Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:10:22Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":7.5,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:20.984762Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2026-57236","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T15:16:00Z","modified":"2026-10-17T12:59:11.958633547Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":1.7,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","level":"low"},{"version":"3.1","score":8.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:56:41.911783Z"},{"id":"AZL-91068","title":"CVE-2026-57236 affecting package rubygem-nokogiri for versions less than 1.19.4-1","description":"Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-25T15:16:40Z","modified":"2026-08-28T17:56:30.892037Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:28:11.397546Z"}]}}