{"id":"CVE-2026-72769","aliases":["EUVD-2026-56095","GHSA-83p6-2p5w-42rc","GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh"],"status":"published","title":"n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine","description":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00514,"percentile":0.4411,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"published":"2026-07-22T22:13:04Z","modified":"2026-10-31T02:30:43Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","fixed_in":["1.123.67","2.32.1","2.31.5"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.123.67"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.32.0"},{"fixed":"2.32.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.0.0-rc.0"},{"fixed":"2.31.5"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.123.67"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"2.32.0"},{"fixed":"2.32.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"n8n","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"2.0.0-rc.0"},{"fixed":"2.31.5"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"n8n","product":"n8n"},{"vendor":"n8n-io","product":"n8n"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh","tags":["vendor-advisory","Mitigation","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-prototype-pollution-via-vm-expression-engine","tags":["third-party-advisory","Third Party Advisory","advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72769","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-83p6-2p5w-42rc"},{"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/f69dfc6dd2178a14ea1624d2e1d403c2e755042f","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.67","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.31.5","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.32.1","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/72xxx/CVE-2026-72769.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-72769","title":"n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine","description":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-11T12:17:09.195Z","modified":"2026-10-29T21:16:42.627Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:19:51.663093Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-56095","description":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-11T12:17:09Z","modified":"2026-10-29T21:16:42Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:59:13.894662Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-83p6-2p5w-42rc","title":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM...","description":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-11T15:32:37Z","modified":"2026-09-18T21:32:43Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"medium"},{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H","level":"high"}],"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:12:12.782251Z"},{"id":"GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh","title":"n8n: Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine Sandbox Escape Leads to Denial of Service","description":"## Impact\n\nAn authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression could abuse the expression engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process, leading to a denial of service.\n\nBoth self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only.\n- Disable the VM expression engine if an alternative is available for your deployment.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-22T22:13:04Z","modified":"2026-07-22T22:13:05Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:51.375752Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-72769","description":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-11T13:19:07.22Z","modified":"2026-10-29T20:17:34.837Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":8.1,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H","level":"high","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:36.499002Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-72769","title":"n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine","description":"n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-11T12:17:09.195Z","modified":"2026-10-31T02:30:43.484881759Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:15.88521Z"},{"id":"GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh","title":"n8n: Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine Sandbox Escape Leads to Denial of Service","description":"## Impact\n\nAn authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression could abuse the expression engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process, leading to a denial of service.\n\nBoth self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only.\n- Disable the VM expression engine if an alternative is available for your deployment.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.","status":"published","published":"2026-07-22T22:13:04Z","modified":"2026-08-12T04:26:15.238510546Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":6.1,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-1321"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:49.621585Z"}]}}