{"id":"CVE-2026-92945","aliases":["CLSA-2026-1790888247","CLSA-2026-1790937673","EUVD-2026-81594","GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m","GHSA-8686-vhfx-7r3j","GHSA-8hr7-r645-pc6w","GHSA-8mvv-mcc3-xwhh"],"status":"published","title":"vm2 before 3.11.7 Module Allowlist Bypass via Prefix Matching","description":"vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","severity":{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-10","score":0.00277,"percentile":0.20347,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-22","CWE-863"],"published":"2026-09-17T13:46:06Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:05Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","fixed_in":["3.11.7"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"3.11.6"},{"fixed":"3.11.7"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.11.5-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"3.11.5-tuxcare.3"}]}],"versions":["3.11.5","3.11.5-tuxcare.1","3.11.5-tuxcare.2"],"bundled":13},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.10.0-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"3.10.0-tuxcare.2"}]}],"versions":["3.10.0","3.10.0-tuxcare.1"],"bundled":6},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"vm2","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"3.11.7"}]}]}],"products":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m","tags":["vendor-advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-before-3.11.7-module-allowlist-bypass-via-prefix-matching","tags":["third-party-advisory","advisory","web"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92945","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/6ac3916da84e060c403e407b6b6318fcc66b0e72","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.7","tags":["web"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8mvv-mcc3-xwhh"},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/92xxx/CVE-2026-92945.json","tags":["advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2","tags":["package"]}],"sources":{"cve":[{"id":"CVE-2026-92945","title":"vm2 before 3.11.7 Module Allowlist Bypass via Prefix Matching","description":"vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-17T13:46:06.857Z","modified":"2026-09-17T14:25:31.73Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low","assessor":"cna"},{"version":"3.1","score":4.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:48:24.536396Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-81594","description":"vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-17T13:46:06Z","modified":"2026-09-17T14:25:31Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T17:28:12.076337Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m","title":"vm2: External module allowlist uses a raw prefix test, so a prefix-sharing sibling package is treated as allowlisted","description":"## Summary\n\n`isPathAllowedForModule` decides whether a resolved path belongs to an allowlisted external module using a raw string prefix test. `node_modules/foo2` starts with `node_modules/foo`, so a package whose name merely shares a prefix with an allowlisted one is treated as being inside it, and a relative require from the allowlisted package reaches it even with transitive loading disabled.\n\n## Where it is\n\n`lib/resolver-compat.js`, lines 122 to 132, quoted from HEAD `7a1f5100b96f48d34e0fe104ab37c0acc5944f92`:\n\n```js\nisPathAllowedForModule(path, mod) {\n    if (!super.isPathAllowed(path)) return false;\n    if (mod) {\n        if (mod.allowTransitive) return true;\n        if (path.startsWith(mod.path)) {\n            const rem = path.slice(mod.path.length);\n            if (!/(?:^|[\\\\/])node_modules(?:$|[\\\\/])/.test(rem)) return true;\n        }\n    }\n    return this.externals.some(regex =\u003e regex.test(path));\n}\n```\n\nWith `mod.path` of `.../node_modules/foo` and a resolved path of `.../node_modules/foo2/index.js`, `startsWith` is true and `rem` is `2/index.js`, which contains no `node_modules` segment, so the function returns true.\n\nThe `node_modules` test in `rem` is what stops a genuine transitive dependency from slipping through. It does not stop a sibling, because a sibling's remainder never contains that segment.\n\n## Impact\n\nCode running in `NodeVM` under an external module allowlist with `transitive: false` can reach a package that was not allowlisted, provided an allowlisted package performs a relative require to a prefix-sharing sibling.\n\nTwo preconditions are worth stating plainly rather than leaving implicit. The deployment must already have such a package layout, and an allowlisted package must have a reachable code path that does the relative require. This is not something the attacker creates; it is something they find. That narrows it considerably, and it is why I have not scored it higher.\n\n## Reachability\n\n`NodeVM.run` at `lib/nodevm.js:506` executes the script. `require` comes from `createRequireForModule` at `lib/setup-node-sandbox.js:168-172` and reaches the resolver callback at `lib/nodevm.js:380-384`. `LegacyResolver.resolveFull` at `lib/resolver-compat.js:145-160` sets `currMod` for direct requires, the relative specifier resolves through `DefaultResolver.resolveFull` and `tryFile` at `lib/resolver.js:327-330`, and the authorization decision lands on the function above.\n\n## Suggested fix\n\nRequire a separator after the prefix, so a sibling cannot match:\n\n```js\nif (path === mod.path || path.startsWith(mod.path + path.sep)) {\n```\n\nThat is the same anchoring the `rem` regex already applies to `node_modules`, applied one level earlier.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-01T15:26:45Z","modified":"2026-10-01T15:26:46Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-22","CWE-863"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:41:24.739884Z"},{"id":"GHSA-8mvv-mcc3-xwhh","title":"Duplicate Advisory: External module allowlist uses a raw prefix test, so a prefix-sharing sibling package is treated as allowlisted","description":"## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nvm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","status":"withdrawn","published":"2026-09-17T15:32:15Z","modified":"2026-10-01T15:26:10Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"},{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:41:24.739884Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-92945","description":"vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-17T14:17:59.807Z","modified":"2026-09-17T15:17:00.783Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":4.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:49.013904Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-92945","title":"vm2 before 3.11.7 Module Allowlist Bypass via Prefix Matching","description":"vm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-17T13:46:06.857Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:31:05.298354562Z","cvss":[{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:20.588039Z"},{"id":"GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m","title":"vm2: External module allowlist uses a raw prefix test, so a prefix-sharing sibling package is treated as allowlisted","description":"## Summary\n\n`isPathAllowedForModule` decides whether a resolved path belongs to an allowlisted external module using a raw string prefix test. `node_modules/foo2` starts with `node_modules/foo`, so a package whose name merely shares a prefix with an allowlisted one is treated as being inside it, and a relative require from the allowlisted package reaches it even with transitive loading disabled.\n\n## Where it is\n\n`lib/resolver-compat.js`, lines 122 to 132, quoted from HEAD `7a1f5100b96f48d34e0fe104ab37c0acc5944f92`:\n\n```js\nisPathAllowedForModule(path, mod) {\n    if (!super.isPathAllowed(path)) return false;\n    if (mod) {\n        if (mod.allowTransitive) return true;\n        if (path.startsWith(mod.path)) {\n            const rem = path.slice(mod.path.length);\n            if (!/(?:^|[\\\\/])node_modules(?:$|[\\\\/])/.test(rem)) return true;\n        }\n    }\n    return this.externals.some(regex =\u003e regex.test(path));\n}\n```\n\nWith `mod.path` of `.../node_modules/foo` and a resolved path of `.../node_modules/foo2/index.js`, `startsWith` is true and `rem` is `2/index.js`, which contains no `node_modules` segment, so the function returns true.\n\nThe `node_modules` test in `rem` is what stops a genuine transitive dependency from slipping through. It does not stop a sibling, because a sibling's remainder never contains that segment.\n\n## Impact\n\nCode running in `NodeVM` under an external module allowlist with `transitive: false` can reach a package that was not allowlisted, provided an allowlisted package performs a relative require to a prefix-sharing sibling.\n\nTwo preconditions are worth stating plainly rather than leaving implicit. The deployment must already have such a package layout, and an allowlisted package must have a reachable code path that does the relative require. This is not something the attacker creates; it is something they find. That narrows it considerably, and it is why I have not scored it higher.\n\n## Reachability\n\n`NodeVM.run` at `lib/nodevm.js:506` executes the script. `require` comes from `createRequireForModule` at `lib/setup-node-sandbox.js:168-172` and reaches the resolver callback at `lib/nodevm.js:380-384`. `LegacyResolver.resolveFull` at `lib/resolver-compat.js:145-160` sets `currMod` for direct requires, the relative specifier resolves through `DefaultResolver.resolveFull` and `tryFile` at `lib/resolver.js:327-330`, and the authorization decision lands on the function above.\n\n## Suggested fix\n\nRequire a separator after the prefix, so a sibling cannot match:\n\n```js\nif (path === mod.path || path.startsWith(mod.path + path.sep)) {\n```\n\nThat is the same anchoring the `rem` regex already applies to `node_modules`, applied one level earlier.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-01T15:26:45Z","modified":"2026-10-01T15:45:05.655741416Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-22","CWE-863"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:41.349637Z"},{"id":"GHSA-8mvv-mcc3-xwhh","title":"Duplicate Advisory: External module allowlist uses a raw prefix test, so a prefix-sharing sibling package is treated as allowlisted","description":"## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-7q3f-wx44-378m. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nvm2 before 3.11.7 contains a module allowlist bypass vulnerability in isPathAllowedForModule that uses raw string prefix matching instead of boundary-anchored comparison. Attackers can reach non-allowlisted packages sharing a prefix with allowlisted modules by performing relative requires from allowlisted packages when transitive loading is disabled.","status":"withdrawn","published":"2026-09-17T15:32:15Z","modified":"2026-10-01T15:30:05.270273111Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":4.2,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N","level":"medium"},{"version":"4.0","score":2.3,"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","level":"low"}],"cwes":["CWE-22"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:42.437513Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1790888247","title":"TuxCare security update for vm2 (15 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt vm2 to address 15 CVEs. Fixed in 3.11.5-tuxcare.3.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-01T20:57:27Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:47:57.771844817Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:48.65893Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1790937673","title":"TuxCare security update for vm2 (7 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt vm2 to address 7 CVEs. Fixed in 3.10.0-tuxcare.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-10-02T10:41:13Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:47:38.707369783Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:49.016976Z"}]}}