{"id":"CVE-2026-9595","aliases":["CLSA-2026-1774311630","CLSA-2026-1785204346","CLSA-2026-1786365773","CLSA-2026-1787821986","CLSA-2026-1787837465","CLSA-2026-1787837620","CLSA-2026-1790004677","CLSA-2026-1790604947","EUVD-2026-36729","GHSA-mx8g-39q3-5c79","RHSA-2026:57590","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-9595","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-9595"],"status":"published","title":"webpack-dev-server vulnerable to HMR WebSocket interception via permissive user proxies","description":"Impact: When a user-configured proxy on webpack-dev-server has a broad context (e.g. /) and ws: true, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and Origin header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\nPatches: Fixed in webpack-dev-server@5.2.5.\n\nWorkarounds: Scope user-defined proxy context to specific paths instead of /, or omit ws: true from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","severity":{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna","from":"cve"},"epss":{"day":"2026-11-08","score":0.00163,"percentile":0.05514,"model":"v2026.06.15"},"facts":{"in_kev":false,"known_exploited":false,"public_exploit":false,"fix_available":true},"cwes":["CWE-346","CWE-441"],"published":"2026-06-15T15:00:21Z","modified":"2026-11-05T13:28:21Z","fixes":[{"ecosystem":"npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","fixed_in":["5.2.5"],"sources":["ghsa","osv"]},{"ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","fixed_in":["4.15.2-tuxcare.3"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","fixed_in":["4.10.0-aikido.2","3.11.3-aikido.3","5.0.4-aikido.1","5.2.4-aikido.1","5.2.2-aikido.2","5.2.3-aikido.2","5.2.2-aikido.3","5.2.3-aikido.3","5.0.4-aikido.2","5.2.4-aikido.2","3.11.3-aikido.4","4.10.0-aikido.3"],"sources":["osv"]},{"ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/webpack-dev-server","fixed_in":["4.10.0-root.io.2","3.11.3-root.io.3","5.0.4-root.io.1","5.2.4-root.io.1","5.2.2-root.io.2","5.2.3-root.io.2","5.2.2-root.io.3","5.2.3-root.io.3","5.0.4-root.io.2","5.2.4-root.io.2","3.11.3-root.io.4","4.10.0-root.io.3"],"sources":["osv"]}],"affected":[{"source":"ghsa","ecosystem":"npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"5.2.5"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"4.15.1-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"4.15.1-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["4.15.1"],"bundled":3},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.7.1-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"2.7.1-tuxcare.4"}]}],"versions":["2.7.1","2.7.1-tuxcare.1","2.7.1-tuxcare.2","2.7.1-tuxcare.3"],"bundled":3},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.11.3-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-tuxcare.4"}]}],"versions":["3.11.3","3.11.3-tuxcare.1","3.11.3-tuxcare.2","3.11.3-tuxcare.3"],"bundled":3},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"2.11.5-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"2.11.5-tuxcare.4"}]}],"versions":["2.11.5","2.11.5-tuxcare.1","2.11.5-tuxcare.2","2.11.5-tuxcare.3"],"bundled":3},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"4.11.1-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"4.11.1-tuxcare.4"}]}],"versions":["4.11.1","4.11.1-tuxcare.1","4.11.1-tuxcare.2","4.11.1-tuxcare.3"],"bundled":3},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"4.15.2-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"4.15.2-tuxcare.3"}]}],"versions":["4.15.2","4.15.2-tuxcare.1","4.15.2-tuxcare.2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"5.2.2-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"5.2.2-tuxcare.2"}]}],"versions":["5.2.2","5.2.2-tuxcare.1"],"bundled":3},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"TuxCare:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"4.9.3-tuxcare.0"},{"fixed":"4.9.3-tuxcare.1"}]}],"versions":["4.9.3"],"bundled":4},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"5.2.5"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2","package":"rh-podman-desktop","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0:1.1.2-1.el10_2"}]}],"bundled":24},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"4.10.0-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.3"},{"fixed":"5.0.4-aikido.1"},{"fixed":"5.2.4-aikido.1"},{"fixed":"5.2.2-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"5.2.3-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"5.2.2-aikido.3"},{"fixed":"5.2.3-aikido.3"},{"fixed":"5.0.4-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"5.2.4-aikido.2"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-aikido.4"},{"fixed":"4.10.0-aikido.3"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Root:npm","package":"@rootio/webpack-dev-server","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"4.10.0-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"5.0.4-root.io.1"},{"fixed":"5.2.4-root.io.1"},{"fixed":"5.2.2-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"5.2.3-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"5.2.2-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"5.2.3-root.io.3"},{"fixed":"5.0.4-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"5.2.4-root.io.2"},{"fixed":"3.11.3-root.io.4"},{"fixed":"4.10.0-root.io.3"}]}]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:18.04:LTS","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["3.5.6-1build3","3.5.6-1build4","3.5.6-2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:20.04:LTS","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["4.7.0-3","4.30.0-7","4.30.0-9"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:20.04:LTS","package":"vue.js","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2.5.17+dfsg-4"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:22.04:LTS","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["4.43.0-6build4","4.43.0-7"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:22.04:LTS","package":"vue.js","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2.6.12+dfsg-3","2.6.14+dfsg-1","2.6.14+dfsg-2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.76.1+dfsg1+~cs17.16.16-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:24.04:LTS","package":"vue.js","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2.6.14+dfsg1-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:25.10","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.97.1+dfsg1+~cs11.18.27-2","5.97.1+dfsg1+~cs11.18.27-3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:25.10","package":"vue.js","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2.6.14+dfsg1-1"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.10","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.105.4+dfsg1+~cs15.13.23-2","5.108.0+dfsg1+~cs14.7.20-2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.10","package":"vue.js","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2.6.14+dfsg1-3","2.7.16+dfsg1-3"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.04:LTS","package":"node-webpack","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["5.97.1+dfsg1+~cs11.18.27-3","5.97.1+dfsg1+~cs11.18.27-4","5.105.4+dfsg1+~cs15.13.23-2"]},{"source":"osv","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:26.04:LTS","package":"vue.js","ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["2.6.14+dfsg1-1","2.6.14+dfsg1-1build1","2.6.14+dfsg1-2","2.6.14+dfsg1-3"]}],"products":[{"vendor":"webpack-dev-server","product":"webpack-dev-server"},{"vendor":"webpack.js","product":"webpack-dev-server"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/webpack/webpack-dev-server/security/advisories/GHSA-mx8g-39q3-5c79","tags":["Mitigation","Vendor Advisory","advisory","web","article","report"]},{"url":"https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html","tags":["Vendor Advisory","advisory","web","article","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/webpack/webpack-dev-server/pull/4316","tags":["Issue Tracking","Patch","fix","web","article","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli/commit/72ba7505aff2a8314e82aa5082379a77504a1fcb","tags":["Patch","fix","web","article","report"]},{"url":"https://github.com/facebook/create-react-app/pull/7444","tags":["Issue 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vulnerable to HMR WebSocket interception via permissive user proxies","description":"Impact: When a user-configured proxy on webpack-dev-server has a broad context (e.g. /) and ws: true, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and Origin header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\nPatches: Fixed in webpack-dev-server@5.2.5.\n\nWorkarounds: Scope user-defined proxy context to specific paths instead of /, or omit ws: true from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-15T15:00:21.488Z","modified":"2026-06-15T16:08:35.549Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"cna"}],"cwes":["CWE-346","CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T13:42:37.965383Z"}],"euvd":[{"id":"EUVD-2026-36729","description":"Impact: When a user-configured proxy on webpack-dev-server has a broad context (e.g. /) and ws: true, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and Origin header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\nPatches: Fixed in webpack-dev-server@5.2.5.\n\nWorkarounds: Scope user-defined proxy context to specific paths instead of /, or omit ws: true from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-15T15:00:21Z","modified":"2026-06-15T16:08:35Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T18:20:41.888684Z"}],"ghsa":[{"id":"GHSA-mx8g-39q3-5c79","title":"webpack-dev-server vulnerable to HMR WebSocket interception via permissive user proxies","description":"### Impact\n\nWhen a user-configured proxy on `webpack-dev-server` has a broad context (e.g. `/`) and `ws: true`, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and `Origin` header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in `webpack-dev-server` 5.2.5.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nScope user-defined proxy `context` to specific paths instead of `/`, or omit `ws: true` from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-17T18:13:31Z","modified":"2026-06-17T18:13:33Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-346","CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:40:28.438722Z"}],"nvd":[{"id":"CVE-2026-9595","description":"Impact: When a user-configured proxy on webpack-dev-server has a broad context (e.g. /) and ws: true, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and Origin header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\nPatches: Fixed in webpack-dev-server@5.2.5.\n\nWorkarounds: Scope user-defined proxy context to specific paths instead of /, or omit ws: true from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-15T16:16:35.227Z","modified":"2026-06-17T11:05:31.643Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"secondary"},{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium","assessor":"primary"}],"cwes":["CWE-346","CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T14:12:23.846948Z"}],"osv":[{"id":"CVE-2026-9595","title":"webpack-dev-server vulnerable to HMR WebSocket interception via permissive user proxies","description":"Impact: When a user-configured proxy on webpack-dev-server has a broad context (e.g. /) and ws: true, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and Origin header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\nPatches: Fixed in webpack-dev-server@5.2.5.\n\nWorkarounds: Scope user-defined proxy context to specific paths instead of /, or omit ws: true from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-15T15:00:21.488Z","modified":"2026-10-28T02:30:47.209159093Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-346","CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:45:21.262447Z"},{"id":"GHSA-mx8g-39q3-5c79","title":"webpack-dev-server vulnerable to HMR WebSocket interception via permissive user proxies","description":"### Impact\n\nWhen a user-configured proxy on `webpack-dev-server` has a broad context (e.g. `/`) and `ws: true`, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and `Origin` header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket).\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in `webpack-dev-server` 5.2.5.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nScope user-defined proxy `context` to specific paths instead of `/`, or omit `ws: true` from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-17T18:13:31Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:51:09.136558749Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"cwes":["CWE-346","CWE-441"],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:46:52.534897Z"},{"id":"RHSA-2026:57590","title":"Red Hat Security Advisory: rh-podman-desktop security, bug fix, and enhancement update","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T10:14:02Z","modified":"2026-10-20T10:11:37Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":8.6,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N","level":"high"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:21.457353Z"},{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2026-9595","description":"Impact: When a user-configured proxy on webpack-dev-server has a broad context (e.g. /) and ws: true, it also intercepts the dev server's own HMR WebSocket and forwards it to the proxy target. This leaks the browser's cookies and Origin header to the backend, bypasses the dev server's Host/Origin validation, and corrupts the HMR socket (both HMR and the proxy end up writing to the same socket). Patches: Fixed in webpack-dev-server@5.2.5. Workarounds: Scope user-defined proxy context to specific paths instead of /, or omit ws: true from the proxy entry when WebSocket forwarding is not required.","status":"published","published":"2026-06-15T16:16:00Z","modified":"2026-10-17T13:01:19.602345957Z","cvss":[{"version":"3.1","score":5.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"},{"version":"3.1","score":4.3,"vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","level":"medium"}],"updated_at":"2026-11-02T16:57:44.071534Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1774311630","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (3 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 4.15.1-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-04T14:52:14Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:47:03.611652392Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:43.621843Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1785204346","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (3 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 2.7.1-tuxcare.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-04T14:52:50Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.826281487Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:46.482572Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1786365773","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (3 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 3.11.3-tuxcare.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-10T12:42:53Z","modified":"2026-11-05T13:28:21.916037226Z","updated_at":"2026-11-05T16:37:45.64821Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1787821986","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (3 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 2.11.5-tuxcare.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-27T09:13:06Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.099814515Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1787837465","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (3 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 4.11.1-tuxcare.4.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-27T13:31:05Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.192006457Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1787837620","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (1 CVE)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 1 CVE. Fixed in 4.15.2-tuxcare.3.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-27T13:33:40Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:03.152229461Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:47.591214Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1790004677","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (3 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 5.2.2-tuxcare.2.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-21T15:31:17Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:46:02.800155504Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:48.28229Z"},{"id":"CLSA-2026-1790604947","title":"TuxCare security update for webpack-dev-server (4 CVEs)","description":"TuxCare rebuilt webpack-dev-server to address 4 CVEs. Fixed in 4.9.3-tuxcare.1.","status":"published","published":"2026-09-28T14:15:47Z","modified":"2026-10-15T09:48:04.017954079Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:43:48.65893Z"},{"id":"ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2026-9595","title":"CVE-2026-9595 in webpack-dev-server - Patched by Root","description":"Root has patched CVE-2026-9595 in the webpack-dev-server package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.","status":"published","published":"2026-08-21T13:00:08Z","modified":"2026-08-21T13:45:04.367306051Z","updated_at":"2026-11-02T15:53:27.649662Z"}]}}