CVE-2021-31805
Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw not validated user input in tag attributes, may lead to RCE.
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
NVD Score used
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
- Record
CVE-2021-31805- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - CVSS 2.0
- 7.5 High
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P - Weakness
- CWE-917
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
CVE List No score
Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw not validated user input in tag attributes, may lead to RCE.
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
- Record
CVE-2021-31805- Weakness
- CWE-917
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2022-1835 No score
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
- Record
EUVD-2022-1835- Updated
- 2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-v8j6-6c2r-r27c
Expression Language Injection in Apache Struts
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
- Record
GHSA-v8j6-6c2r-r27c- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-917
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
- Record
CVE-2021-31805- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-v8j6-6c2r-r27c
Expression Language Injection in Apache Struts
The fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete. So from Apache Struts 2.0.0 to 2.5.29, still some of the tag’s attributes could perform a double evaluation if a developer applied forced OGNL evaluation by using the %{...} syntax. Using forced OGNL evaluation on untrusted user input can lead to a Remote Code Execution and security degradation.
- Record
GHSA-v8j6-6c2r-r27c- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-917
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
org.apache.struts:struts2-coreMaven |
2.0.0 up to 2.5.30 | 2.5.30 |
org.apache.struts:struts2-coreMaven |
2.0.0 up to 2.5.30, plus listed versions 2.0.112.0.11.12.0.11.22.0.122.0.14 Show 45 moreShow less2.0.52.0.62.0.82.0.92.1.22.1.62.1.82.1.8.12.2.12.2.1.12.2.32.2.3.12.3.12.3.1.12.3.1.22.3.122.3.142.3.14.12.3.14.22.3.14.32.3.152.3.15.12.3.15.22.3.15.32.3.162.3.16.12.3.16.22.3.16.32.3.202.3.20.12.3.20.32.3.242.3.24.12.3.24.32.3.282.3.28.12.3.292.3.32.3.302.3.312.3.322.3.332.3.342.3.352.3.36 |
2.5.30 |
Public exploits
Links only. Every CVE stores no exploit code.
| Source | Link | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclei | Apache Struts2 S2-062 - Remote Code Execution | |
| PoC in GitHub | JordanANDJohn/CVE-2021-31805-POC | 2022-04-18 |
| PoC in GitHub | SecNN/Struts2_S2-062_CVE-2021-31805 | 2022-04-15 |
| PoC in GitHub | Wrin9/CVE-2021-31805 | 2022-04-15 |
| PoC in GitHub | aeyesec/CVE-2021-31805 | 2022-04-15 |
| PoC in GitHub | jax7sec/S2-062 | 2022-04-15 |
| PoC in GitHub | nth347/struts2-CVE-2021-31805 | 2023-08-04 |
| PoC in GitHub | pyroxenites/s2-062 | 2022-04-15 |
| PoC in GitHub | z92g/CVE-2021-31805 | 2022-07-10 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| aliases | EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, GitHub Advisories, Nuclei, NVD, OSV, PoC in GitHub |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2021-31805 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in Apache Struts, published April 12, 2022. Public exploit code exists. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 85.4%, the 99th percentile. Fixed in org.apache.struts:struts2-core 2.5.30.
References
Left out here: 32 versions. The JSON record has them.