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CVE-2021-41219

Undefined behavior via `nullptr` reference binding in sparse matrix multiplication

7.8 HighFix available

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
Low
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.21%Down 0.4 points since Nov 6, 2021
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used7.8

Undefined behavior via `nullptr` reference binding in sparse matrix multiplication

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
CVE-2021-41219
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-824
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2021-04417.8

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
EUVD-2021-0441
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x7.8

Undefined behavior via `nullptr` reference binding in sparse matrix multiplication

Impact

The code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr:

import tensorflow as tf
  
tf.raw_ops.SparseMatMul(
  a=[[1.0,1.0,1.0]],
  b=[[],[],[]],
  transpose_a=False,
  transpose_b=False,
  a_is_sparse=False, 
  b_is_sparse=True)

This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access.

Patches

We have patched the issue in GitHub commit e6cf28c72ba2eb949ca950d834dd6d66bb01cfae.

The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

For more information

Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.

Attribution

This vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.

Record
GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-125, CWE-824
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD7.8

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
CVE-2021-41219
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.0
4.6 MediumAV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Weakness
CWE-824, CWE-125
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV7.8

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
CVE-2021-41219
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x7.8

Undefined behavior via `nullptr` reference binding in sparse matrix multiplication

Impact

The code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr:

import tensorflow as tf
  
tf.raw_ops.SparseMatMul(
  a=[[1.0,1.0,1.0]],
  b=[[],[],[]],
  transpose_a=False,
  transpose_b=False,
  a_is_sparse=False, 
  b_is_sparse=True)

This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access.

Patches

We have patched the issue in GitHub commit e6cf28c72ba2eb949ca950d834dd6d66bb01cfae.

The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

For more information

Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.

Attribution

This vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.

Record
GHSA-4f99-p9c2-3j8x
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-125, CWE-824
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 5 moreShow less
OSVBIT-tensorflow-2021-41219No score

Undefined behavior via `nullptr` reference binding in sparse matrix multiplication

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
BIT-tensorflow-2021-41219
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2024:12116-1No score

tensorflow-lite-2.9.1-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the tensorflow-lite-2.9.1-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2024:12116-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2021-411No score

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
PYSEC-2021-411
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2021-628No score

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
PYSEC-2021-628
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2021-826No score

TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the code for sparse matrix multiplication is vulnerable to undefined behavior via binding a reference to nullptr. This occurs whenever the dimensions of a or b are 0 or less. In the case on one of these is 0, an empty output tensor should be allocated (to conserve the invariant that output tensors are always allocated when the operation is successful) but nothing should be written to it (that is, we should return early from the kernel implementation). Otherwise, attempts to write to this empty tensor would result in heap OOB access. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

Record
PYSEC-2021-826
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
tensorflow
PyPI
2.6.0 up to 2.6.1
2.6.1
tensorflow
PyPI
2.5.0 up to 2.5.2
2.5.2
tensorflow
PyPI
before 2.4.4
2.4.4
tensorflow-cpu
PyPI
2.6.0 up to 2.6.1
2.6.1
tensorflow-cpu
PyPI
2.5.0 up to 2.5.2
2.5.2
tensorflow-cpu
PyPI
before 2.4.4
2.4.4
tensorflow-gpu
PyPI
2.6.0 up to 2.6.1
2.6.1
tensorflow-gpu
PyPI
2.5.0 up to 2.5.2
2.5.2
tensorflow-gpu
PyPI
before 2.4.4
2.4.4
tensorflow
Bitnami
before 2.4.4, 2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, 2.6.0 up to 2.6.1
2.4.42.5.22.6.1
Show 9 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
tensorflow
PyPI
2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, plus listed versions
2.5.1
2.5.2
tensorflow
PyPI
before 2.4.4, plus listed versions
0.12.00.12.11.0.01.0.11.1.0
Show 45 moreShow less
1.10.01.10.11.11.01.12.01.12.21.12.31.13.11.13.21.14.01.15.01.15.21.15.31.15.41.15.51.2.01.2.11.3.01.4.01.4.11.5.01.5.11.6.01.7.01.7.11.8.01.9.02.0.02.0.12.0.22.0.32.0.42.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.2.02.2.12.2.22.2.32.3.02.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.4
2.4.4
tensorflow-cpu
PyPI
2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, plus listed versions
2.5.1
2.5.2
tensorflow-cpu
PyPI
before 2.4.4, plus listed versions
1.15.02.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.3
Show 14 moreShow less
2.1.42.2.02.2.12.2.22.2.32.3.02.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.42.4.02.4.12.4.22.4.3
2.4.4
tensorflow-gpu
PyPI
2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, plus listed versions
2.5.1
2.5.2
tensorflow-gpu
PyPI
before 2.4.4, plus listed versions
0.12.00.12.11.0.01.0.11.1.0
Show 45 moreShow less
1.10.01.10.11.11.01.12.01.12.21.12.31.13.11.13.21.14.01.15.01.15.21.15.31.15.41.15.51.2.01.2.11.3.01.4.01.4.11.5.01.5.11.6.01.7.01.7.11.8.01.9.02.0.02.0.12.0.22.0.32.0.42.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.2.02.2.12.2.22.2.32.3.02.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.4
2.4.4
tensorflow
PyPI
before 2.4.4, 2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, 2.6.0 up to 2.6.1, 2.7.0rc0 up to 2.7.0, plus listed versions
0.12.00.12.11.0.01.0.11.1.0
Show 45 moreShow less
1.10.01.10.11.11.01.12.01.12.21.12.31.13.11.13.21.14.01.15.01.15.21.15.31.15.41.15.51.2.01.2.11.3.01.4.01.4.11.5.01.5.11.6.01.7.01.7.11.8.01.9.02.0.02.0.12.0.22.0.32.0.42.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.2.02.2.0rc02.2.0rc12.2.0rc22.2.0rc32.2.0rc42.2.12.2.22.2.3
2.4.42.5.22.6.12.7.0
tensorflow-cpu
PyPI
before 2.4.4, 2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, 2.6.0 up to 2.6.1, 2.7.0rc0 up to 2.7.0, plus listed versions
1.15.02.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.3
Show 16 moreShow less
2.1.42.2.02.2.12.2.22.2.32.3.02.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.42.4.02.4.12.4.22.4.32.5.12.7.0rc1
2.4.42.5.22.6.12.7.0
tensorflow-gpu
PyPI
before 2.4.4, 2.5.0 up to 2.5.2, 2.6.0 up to 2.6.1, 2.7.0rc0 up to 2.7.0, plus listed versions
0.12.00.12.11.0.01.0.11.1.0
Show 45 moreShow less
1.10.01.10.11.11.01.12.01.12.21.12.31.13.11.13.21.14.01.15.01.15.21.15.31.15.41.15.51.2.01.2.11.3.01.4.01.4.11.5.01.5.11.6.01.7.01.7.11.8.01.9.02.0.02.0.12.0.22.0.32.0.42.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.2.02.2.12.2.22.2.32.3.02.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.4
2.4.42.5.22.6.12.7.0

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
facts
aliasesEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2021-41219 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.8) in Google Tensorflow, published November 5, 2021. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.21%, the 11th percentile. Fixed in tensorflow 2.6.1.

References

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