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CVE-2021-41991

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon...

7.5 HighFix available

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

5.30%Up 3.9 points since Oct 19, 2021
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

NVD Score used 7.5

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
CVE-2021-41991
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.0
5.0 MediumAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
Weakness
CWE-190
Updated
2026-11-02
CVE List No score

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
CVE-2021-41991
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2021-28981 No score

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
EUVD-2021-28981
Updated
2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-jpr7-w98h-cvgm 7.5

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon...

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
GHSA-jpr7-w98h-cvgm
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-190
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVALPINE-CVE-2021-41991 7.5

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
ALPINE-CVE-2021-41991
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVAZL-6897 7.5

CVE-2021-41991 affecting package strongswan for versions less than 5.9.5-1

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
AZL-6897
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 13 moreShow less
OSV 7.5

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
CVE-2021-41991
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2021-41991 7.5

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2021-41991
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVOESA-2021-1408 7.5

strongswan security update

The strongSwan IPsec implementation supports both the IKEv1 and IKEv2 key exchange protocols in conjunction with the native NETKEY IPsec stack of the Linux kernel.

Security Fix(es):

The gmp plugin in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow via a crafted certificate with an RSASSA-PSS signature. For example, this can be triggered by an unrelated self-signed CA certificate sent by an initiator. Remote code execution cannot occur.(CVE-2021-41990)

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.(CVE-2021-41991)

Record
OESA-2021-1408
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2021-41991 7.5

The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2021-41991
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2021:1399-1 No score

Security update for strongswan

This update for strongswan fixes the following issues:

A feature was added:

  • Add auth_els plugin to support Marvell FC-SP encryption (jsc#SLE-20151)

Security issues fixed:

  • CVE-2021-41991: Fixed an integer overflow when replacing certificates in cache. (bsc#1191435)
  • CVE-2021-41990: Fixed an integer Overflow in the gmp Plugin. (bsc#1191367)

This update was imported from the SUSE:SLE-15-SP2:Update update project.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2021:1399-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2021:3467-1 No score

Security update for strongswan

This update for strongswan fixes the following issues:

A feature was added:

  • Add auth_els plugin to support Marvell FC-SP encryption (jsc#SLE-20151)

Security issues fixed:

  • CVE-2021-41991: Fixed an integer overflow when replacing certificates in cache. (bsc#1191435)
  • CVE-2021-41990: Fixed an integer Overflow in the gmp Plugin. (bsc#1191367)
Record
openSUSE-SU-2021:3467-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2024:11655-1 No score

strongswan-5.9.4-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the strongswan-5.9.4-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2024:11655-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:14827-1 No score

Security update for strongswan

This update for strongswan fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2021-41991: Fixed an integer overflow when replacing certificates in cache. (bsc#1191435)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:14827-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:3467-1 No score

Security update for strongswan

This update for strongswan fixes the following issues:

A feature was added:

  • Add auth_els plugin to support Marvell FC-SP encryption (jsc#SLE-20151)

Security issues fixed:

  • CVE-2021-41991: Fixed an integer overflow when replacing certificates in cache. (bsc#1191435)
  • CVE-2021-41990: Fixed an integer Overflow in the gmp Plugin. (bsc#1191367)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:3467-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:3468-1 No score

Security update for strongswan

This update for strongswan fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2021-41991: Fixed an integer overflow when replacing certificates in cache. (bsc#1191435)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:3468-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:3469-1 No score

Security update for strongswan

This update for strongswan fixes the following issues:

  • Fix trailing quotation mark missing from example in README. (bsc#1167880)
  • CVE-2021-41991: Fixed an integer overflow when replacing certificates in cache. (bsc#1191435)
  • CVE-2021-41990: Fixed an integer Overflow in the gmp Plugin. (bsc#1191367)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:3469-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUSN-5111-1 No score

strongswan vulnerabilities

It was discovered that strongSwan incorrectly handled certain RSASSA-PSS signatures. A remote attacker could use this issue to cause strongSwan to crash, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2021-41990)

It was discovered that strongSwan incorrectly handled replacing certificates in the cache. A remote attacker could use this issue to cause strongSwan to crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2021-41991)

Record
USN-5111-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUSN-5111-2 No score

strongswan vulnerability

USN-5111-1 fixed a vulnerability in strongSwan. This update provides the corresponding update for Ubuntu 14.04 ESM and Ubuntu 16.04 ESM.

Original advisory details:

It was discovered that strongSwan incorrectly handled replacing certificates in the cache. A remote attacker could use this issue to cause strongSwan to crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2021-41991)

Record
USN-5111-2
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Show 13 moreShow less

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
strongswan
Alpine:v3.12
4.2.10 up to 5.8.4-r3
5.8.4-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.13
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r1
5.9.1-r1
strongswan
Alpine:v3.14
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r2
5.9.1-r2
strongswan
Alpine:v3.15
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.16
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.17
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.18
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.19
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.20
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.21
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
Show 59 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
strongswan
Alpine:v3.22
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.23
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Alpine:v3.24
4.2.10 up to 5.9.1-r3
5.9.1-r3
strongswan
Azure Linux:2
before 5.9.5-1
5.9.5-1
strongswan
Debian:12
before 5.9.4-1
5.9.4-1
strongswan
Debian:13
before 5.9.4-1
5.9.4-1
strongswan
Debian:14
before 5.9.4-1
5.9.4-1
strongswan
Debian:9
before 5.5.1-4+deb9u5, plus listed versions
5.5.1-45.5.1-4+deb9u15.5.1-4+deb9u25.5.1-4+deb9u35.5.1-4+deb9u4
5.5.1-4+deb9u5
strongswan
Debian:10
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.7.2-1+deb10u1, plus listed versions
5.7.2-1
5.7.2-1+deb10u1
strongswan
Debian:11
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.9.1-1+deb11u1, plus listed versions
5.9.1-1
5.9.1-1+deb11u1
strongswan
openEuler:20.03-LTS-SP1
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.7.2-7.oe1
5.7.2-7.oe1
strongswan
openEuler:20.03-LTS-SP2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.7.2-7.oe1
5.7.2-7.oe1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Point of Sale 11 SP3
before 4.4.0-6.36.9.1
4.4.0-6.36.9.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS
before 4.4.0-6.36.9.1
4.4.0-6.36.9.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP3
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP3
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 8
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 8
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP3
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCL
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-LTSS
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-BCL
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP5
before 5.1.3-26.16.1
5.1.3-26.16.1
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
SUSE:Enterprise Storage 6
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-4.14.2
5.8.2-4.14.2
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:14.04:LTS
before 5.1.2-0ubuntu2.11+esm1, plus listed versions
4.6.4-95.1.0-25.1.0-35.1.1-0ubuntu15.1.1-0ubuntu2
Show 22 moreShow less
5.1.1-0ubuntu35.1.1-0ubuntu45.1.1-0ubuntu55.1.1-0ubuntu75.1.1-0ubuntu145.1.1-0ubuntu175.1.2~dr3+git20130120-0ubuntu25.1.2~dr3+git20130120-0ubuntu35.1.2~rc1-0ubuntu35.1.2~rc1-0ubuntu45.1.2~rc2-0ubuntu25.1.2-0ubuntu15.1.2-0ubuntu25.1.2-0ubuntu2.25.1.2-0ubuntu2.35.1.2-0ubuntu2.45.1.2-0ubuntu2.55.1.2-0ubuntu2.65.1.2-0ubuntu2.75.1.2-0ubuntu2.85.1.2-0ubuntu2.105.1.2-0ubuntu2.11
5.1.2-0ubuntu2.11+esm1
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS
before 5.3.5-1ubuntu3.8+esm1, plus listed versions
5.1.2-0ubuntu65.1.2-0ubuntu75.1.2-0ubuntu85.3.5-1ubuntu15.3.5-1ubuntu2
Show 8 moreShow less
5.3.5-1ubuntu35.3.5-1ubuntu3.15.3.5-1ubuntu3.25.3.5-1ubuntu3.35.3.5-1ubuntu3.45.3.5-1ubuntu3.55.3.5-1ubuntu3.75.3.5-1ubuntu3.8
5.3.5-1ubuntu3.8+esm1
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:16.04:LTS
before 5.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.8.2, plus listed versions
5.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.4.15.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.4.25.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.8.1
5.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.8.2
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS:16.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
5.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.15.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.25.3.5-1ubuntu3.fips.3.3
None known
strongswan
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
before 5.6.2-1ubuntu2.7, plus listed versions
5.5.1-4ubuntu25.5.1-4ubuntu35.6.1-2ubuntu15.6.1-2ubuntu25.6.1-2ubuntu3
Show 7 moreShow less
5.6.1-2ubuntu45.6.2-1ubuntu25.6.2-1ubuntu2.25.6.2-1ubuntu2.35.6.2-1ubuntu2.45.6.2-1ubuntu2.55.6.2-1ubuntu2.6
5.6.2-1ubuntu2.7
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:18.04:LTS
before 5.6.2-1ubuntu2.fips.2.7.1, plus listed versions
5.6.2-1ubuntu2.fips.2.5.1
5.6.2-1ubuntu2.fips.2.7.1
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS:18.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
5.6.2-1ubuntu2.fips.2.4.25.6.2-1ubuntu2.fips.2.5.1
None known
strongswan
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
before 5.8.2-1ubuntu3.3, plus listed versions
5.7.2-1ubuntu35.8.1-1ubuntu15.8.2-1ubuntu15.8.2-1ubuntu25.8.2-1ubuntu35.8.2-1ubuntu3.15.8.2-1ubuntu3.2
5.8.2-1ubuntu3.3
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:20.04:LTS
before 5.8.2-1ubuntu3.fips.3.3.1, plus listed versions
5.8.2-1ubuntu3.fips.3.1.2
5.8.2-1ubuntu3.fips.3.3.1
strongswan
Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
5.8.2-1ubuntu3.fips.3.1.2
None known
strongswan
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
before 5.9.1-1ubuntu3.1, plus listed versions
5.9.1-1ubuntu3
5.9.1-1ubuntu3.1
strongswan
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.6.2-1ubuntu2.7, plus listed versions
5.5.1-4ubuntu25.5.1-4ubuntu35.6.1-2ubuntu15.6.1-2ubuntu25.6.1-2ubuntu3
Show 7 moreShow less
5.6.1-2ubuntu45.6.2-1ubuntu25.6.2-1ubuntu2.25.6.2-1ubuntu2.35.6.2-1ubuntu2.45.6.2-1ubuntu2.55.6.2-1ubuntu2.6
5.6.2-1ubuntu2.7
strongswan
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-1ubuntu3.3, plus listed versions
5.7.2-1ubuntu35.8.1-1ubuntu15.8.2-1ubuntu15.8.2-1ubuntu25.8.2-1ubuntu35.8.2-1ubuntu3.15.8.2-1ubuntu3.2
5.8.2-1ubuntu3.3
strongswan
openSUSE:Leap 15.2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-lp152.2.18.1
5.8.2-lp152.2.18.1
strongswan
openSUSE:Leap 15.3
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.8.2-11.21.1
5.8.2-11.21.1
strongswan
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 5.9.4-1.1
5.9.4-1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, facts
aliasesEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2021-41991 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.5) in Strongswan, published October 18, 2021. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 5.30%, the 92nd percentile. Fixed in strongswan 5.8.4-r3.

References

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