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CVE-2023-23619

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in @asyncapi/modelina

10.0 CriticalFix available

Modelina is a library for generating data models based on inputs such as AsyncAPI, OpenAPI, or JSON Schema documents. Versions prior to 1.0.0 are vulnerable to Code injection. This issue affects anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself. This issue has been partially mitigated in version 1.0.0, with the maintainer's GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA) noting "It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue. Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior." The suggested workaround from the maintainers is "Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input."

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
Low
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

1.08%Up 0.2 points since Jan 27, 2023
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 10.0

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in @asyncapi/modelina

Modelina is a library for generating data models based on inputs such as AsyncAPI, OpenAPI, or JSON Schema documents. Versions prior to 1.0.0 are vulnerable to Code injection. This issue affects anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself. This issue has been partially mitigated in version 1.0.0, with the maintainer's GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA) noting "It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue. Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior." The suggested workaround from the maintainers is "Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input."

Record
CVE-2023-23619
CVSS 3.1
10.0 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-94
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2021-1975 10.0

Modelina is a library for generating data models based on inputs such as AsyncAPI, OpenAPI, or JSON Schema documents. Versions prior to 1.0.0 are vulnerable to Code injection. This issue affects anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself. This issue has been partially mitigated in version 1.0.0, with the maintainer's GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA) noting "It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue. Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior." The suggested workaround from the maintainers is "Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input."

Record
EUVD-2021-1975
CVSS 3.1
10.0 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-4jg2-84c2-pj95 9.9

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in @asyncapi/modelina

Impact

Anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself.

Patches

It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue.

Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior.

Workarounds

Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input.

For more information

Even though that I changed all the presets here, the vulnerability is still present throughout. I am using a JSON Schema here for simplicity.

const jsonSchemaDoc = {
  $id: 'CustomClass',
  type: 'object',
  properties: {
      'property: any; \n constructor(){console.log("injected")} \n private _temp': { type: 'string' },
  }
};
generator = new TypeScriptGenerator(
  { 
    presets: [
      {
        class: {
            property({ propertyName, content }) {
              return `private ${propertyName}: any;`;
            },
            ctor() {
              return '';
            },
            getter() {
              return '';
            },
            setter() {
              return '';
            }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
);
const inputModel = await generator.process(jsonSchemaDoc);

This would render

export class CustomClass {
  private property: any; 
   constructor(){console.log("injected")} 
   private _temp: any;
  private additionalProperties: any;
}
Record
GHSA-4jg2-84c2-pj95
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-94
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 9.9

Modelina is a library for generating data models based on inputs such as AsyncAPI, OpenAPI, or JSON Schema documents. Versions prior to 1.0.0 are vulnerable to Code injection. This issue affects anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself. This issue has been partially mitigated in version 1.0.0, with the maintainer's GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA) noting "It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue. Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior." The suggested workaround from the maintainers is "Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input."

Record
CVE-2023-23619
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 3.1
8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-94
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 9.9

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in @asyncapi/modelina

Modelina is a library for generating data models based on inputs such as AsyncAPI, OpenAPI, or JSON Schema documents. Versions prior to 1.0.0 are vulnerable to Code injection. This issue affects anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself. This issue has been partially mitigated in version 1.0.0, with the maintainer's GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA) noting "It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue. Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior." The suggested workaround from the maintainers is "Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input."

Record
CVE-2023-23619
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-94
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-4jg2-84c2-pj95 9.9

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in @asyncapi/modelina

Impact

Anyone who is using the default presets and/or does not handle the functionality themself.

Patches

It is impossible to fully guard against this, because users have access to the original raw information. However, as of version 1, if you only access the constrained models, you will not encounter this issue.

Further similar situations are NOT seen as a security issue, but intended behavior.

Workarounds

Fully custom presets that change the entire rendering process which can then escape the user input.

For more information

Even though that I changed all the presets here, the vulnerability is still present throughout. I am using a JSON Schema here for simplicity.

const jsonSchemaDoc = {
  $id: 'CustomClass',
  type: 'object',
  properties: {
      'property: any; \n constructor(){console.log("injected")} \n private _temp': { type: 'string' },
  }
};
generator = new TypeScriptGenerator(
  { 
    presets: [
      {
        class: {
            property({ propertyName, content }) {
              return `private ${propertyName}: any;`;
            },
            ctor() {
              return '';
            },
            getter() {
              return '';
            },
            setter() {
              return '';
            }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
);
const inputModel = await generator.process(jsonSchemaDoc);

This would render

export class CustomClass {
  private property: any; 
   constructor(){console.log("injected")} 
   private _temp: any;
  private additionalProperties: any;
}
Record
GHSA-4jg2-84c2-pj95
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-94
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
@asyncapi/modelina
npm
before 1.0.0
1.0.0

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2023-23619 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 10.0) in Asyncapi Modelina, published September 21, 2021. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 1.08%, the 65th percentile. Fixed in @asyncapi/modelina 1.0.0.

References

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