CVE-2023-25668
TensorFlow vulnerable to heap out-of-buffer read in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
9.8
TensorFlow vulnerable to heap out-of-buffer read in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
CVE-2023-25668- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-122, CWE-125
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-1018
9.8
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
EUVD-2023-1018- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96
9.8
TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
Impact
Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE. When axis is larger than the dim of input, c->Dim(input,axis) goes out of bound. Same problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],
input_min=[1.0],
input_max=[10.0],
signed_input=True,
num_bits=1,
range_given=True,
round_mode='HALF_TO_EVEN',
narrow_range=True,
axis=0x7fffffff)
test()
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
- Record
GHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-122, CWE-125
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
9.8
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
CVE-2023-25668- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-122, CWE-125
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVAZL-31200
9.8
CVE-2023-25668 affecting package tensorflow for versions less than 2.11.1-1
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
AZL-31200- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVAZL-35313
9.8
CVE-2023-25668 affecting package tensorflow for versions less than 2.11.1-1
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
AZL-35313- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
Show 6 moreShow less
OSV
9.8
TensorFlow vulnerable to heap out-of-buffer read in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
CVE-2023-25668- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-122, CWE-125
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96
9.8
TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
Impact
Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE. When axis is larger than the dim of input, c->Dim(input,axis) goes out of bound. Same problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],
input_min=[1.0],
input_max=[10.0],
signed_input=True,
num_bits=1,
range_given=True,
round_mode='HALF_TO_EVEN',
narrow_range=True,
axis=0x7fffffff)
test()
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
- Record
GHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-122, CWE-125
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2026-548
9.8
TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
Impact
Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE. When axis is larger than the dim of input, c->Dim(input,axis) goes out of bound. Same problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],
input_min=[1.0],
input_max=[10.0],
signed_input=True,
num_bits=1,
range_given=True,
round_mode='HALF_TO_EVEN',
narrow_range=True,
axis=0x7fffffff)
test()
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
- Record
PYSEC-2026-548- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2026-549
9.8
TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
Impact
Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE. When axis is larger than the dim of input, c->Dim(input,axis) goes out of bound. Same problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],
input_min=[1.0],
input_max=[10.0],
signed_input=True,
num_bits=1,
range_given=True,
round_mode='HALF_TO_EVEN',
narrow_range=True,
axis=0x7fffffff)
test()
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
- Record
PYSEC-2026-549- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2026-550
9.8
TensorFlow has a heap out-of-buffer read vulnerability in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
Impact
Attackers using Tensorflow can exploit the vulnerability. They can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or RCE. When axis is larger than the dim of input, c->Dim(input,axis) goes out of bound. Same problem occurs in the QuantizeAndDequantizeV2/V3/V4/V4Grad operations too.
import tensorflow as tf
@tf.function
def test():
tf.raw_ops.QuantizeAndDequantizeV2(input=[2.5],
input_min=[1.0],
input_max=[10.0],
signed_input=True,
num_bits=1,
range_given=True,
round_mode='HALF_TO_EVEN',
narrow_range=True,
axis=0x7fffffff)
test()
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.12.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.11.1
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
- Record
PYSEC-2026-550- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVBIT-tensorflow-2023-25668 No score
TensorFlow vulnerable to heap out-of-buffer read in the QuantizeAndDequantize operation
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. Attackers using Tensorflow prior to 2.12.0 or 2.11.1 can access heap memory which is not in the control of user, leading to a crash or remote code execution. The fix will be included in TensorFlow version 2.12.0 and will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow version 2.11.1.
- Record
BIT-tensorflow-2023-25668- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
tensorflowPyPI |
before 2.11.1 | 2.11.1 |
tensorflow-cpuPyPI |
before 2.11.1 | 2.11.1 |
tensorflow-gpuPyPI |
before 2.11.1 | 2.11.1 |
tensorflowAzure Linux:2 |
before 2.11.1-1 | 2.11.1-1 |
tensorflowAzure Linux:3 |
before 2.11.1-1 | 2.11.1-1 |
tensorflowBitnami |
before 2.12.0 | 2.12.0 |
tensorflowPyPI |
before 2.11.1, plus listed versions 0.12.00.12.11.0.01.0.11.1.0 Show 45 moreShow less1.10.01.10.11.11.01.12.01.12.21.12.31.13.11.13.21.14.01.15.01.15.21.15.31.15.41.15.51.2.01.2.11.3.01.4.01.4.11.5.01.5.11.6.01.7.01.7.11.8.01.9.02.0.02.0.12.0.22.0.32.0.42.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.10.02.10.0rc02.10.0rc12.10.0rc22.10.0rc32.10.12.11.02.11.0rc02.11.0rc1 |
2.11.1 |
tensorflow-cpuPyPI |
before 2.11.1, plus listed versions 1.15.02.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.3 Show 45 moreShow less2.1.42.10.02.10.0rc02.10.0rc12.10.0rc22.10.0rc32.10.12.11.02.11.0rc02.11.0rc12.11.0rc22.2.02.2.12.2.22.2.32.3.02.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.42.4.02.4.12.4.22.4.32.4.42.5.02.5.12.5.22.5.32.6.02.6.12.6.22.6.32.6.42.6.52.7.02.7.12.7.22.7.32.7.42.8.02.8.12.8.22.8.32.8.4 |
2.11.1 |
tensorflow-gpuPyPI |
before 2.11.1, plus listed versions 0.12.00.12.11.0.01.0.11.1.0 Show 45 moreShow less1.10.01.10.11.11.01.12.01.12.21.12.31.13.11.13.21.14.01.15.01.15.21.15.31.15.41.15.51.2.01.2.11.3.01.4.01.4.11.5.01.5.11.6.01.7.01.7.11.8.01.9.02.0.02.0.12.0.22.0.32.0.42.1.02.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.10.02.10.0rc02.10.0rc12.10.0rc22.10.0rc32.10.12.11.02.11.0rc02.11.0rc1 |
2.11.1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2023-25668 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in Google Tensorflow, published March 24, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.84%, the 58th percentile. Fixed in tensorflow 2.11.1.
References
github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96
github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/7b174a0f2e40ff3f3aa957aecddfd5aaae35eccb
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25668
github.com/advisories/GHSA-gw97-ff7c-9v96
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/25xxx/CVE-2023-25668.json
github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow
pypi.org/project/tensorflow
pypi.org/project/tensorflow-cpu
pypi.org/project/tensorflow-gpu
Left out here: 102 versions. The JSON record has them.