CVE-2023-30623
Arbitrary command injection in embano1/wip
embano1/wip is a GitHub Action written in Bash. Prior to version 2, the embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets used in the CI pipeline, including repository tokens. Version 2 has a fix for this issue.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
8.8
Arbitrary command injection in embano1/wip
embano1/wip is a GitHub Action written in Bash. Prior to version 2, the embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets used in the CI pipeline, including repository tokens. Version 2 has a fix for this issue.
- Record
CVE-2023-30623- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-77
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-1392
8.8
embano1/wip is a GitHub Action written in Bash. Prior to version 2, the embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets used in the CI pipeline, including repository tokens. Version 2 has a fix for this issue.
- Record
EUVD-2023-1392- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-rg3q-prf8-qxmp
8.8
Arbitrary command injection in embano1/wip
Summary
The embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation.
Details and Impact
This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious.
This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners (potentially use it for crypto-mining, and waste your resources) and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets that you use in the CI pipeline (including repository tokens). Here is a set of blog posts by Github's security team explaining this issue.
How to update existing workflows
Replace the following line in your workflow using this action with the v2 branch name or commit pointing to this branch:
uses: embano1/wip@v2
Or using the exact commit:
uses: embano1/wip@c25450f77ed02c20d00b76ee3b33ff43838739a2 # v2
- Record
GHSA-rg3q-prf8-qxmp- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-77
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
8.8
embano1/wip is a GitHub Action written in Bash. Prior to version 2, the embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets used in the CI pipeline, including repository tokens. Version 2 has a fix for this issue.
- Record
CVE-2023-30623- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-77
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
8.8
Arbitrary command injection in embano1/wip
embano1/wip is a GitHub Action written in Bash. Prior to version 2, the embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets used in the CI pipeline, including repository tokens. Version 2 has a fix for this issue.
- Record
CVE-2023-30623- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-77
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-rg3q-prf8-qxmp
8.8
Arbitrary command injection in embano1/wip
Summary
The embano1/wip action uses the github.event.pull_request.title parameter in an insecure way. The title parameter is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation.
Details and Impact
This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub. They just need to create a pull request with a commit message containing an exploit. (Note that first-time PR requests will not be run - but the attacker can submit a valid PR before submitting an invalid PR). The commit can be genuine, but the commit message can be malicious.
This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners (potentially use it for crypto-mining, and waste your resources) and can be used to exfiltrate any secrets that you use in the CI pipeline (including repository tokens). Here is a set of blog posts by Github's security team explaining this issue.
How to update existing workflows
Replace the following line in your workflow using this action with the v2 branch name or commit pointing to this branch:
uses: embano1/wip@v2
Or using the exact commit:
uses: embano1/wip@c25450f77ed02c20d00b76ee3b33ff43838739a2 # v2
- Record
GHSA-rg3q-prf8-qxmp- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-77
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
embano1/wipGitHub Actions |
before 2 | 2 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| aliases, published | EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2023-30623 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.8) in Embano1 Wip, published April 24, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 3.73%, the 89th percentile. Fixed in embano1/wip 2.
References
github.com/embano1/wip/security/advisories/GHSA-rg3q-prf8-qxmp
github.com/embano1/wip/commit/c25450f77ed02c20d00b76ee3b33ff43838739a2
securitylab.github.com/research/github-actions-untrusted-input
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30623
github.com/advisories/GHSA-rg3q-prf8-qxmp
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/30xxx/CVE-2023-30623.json
github.com/embano1/wip