CVE-2023-32198
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- High
- Privileges needed
- High
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
8.0
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
- Record
CVE-2023-32198- CVSS 3.1
- 8.0 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-295
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-60719
8.0
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
- Record
EUVD-2023-60719- CVSS 3.1
- 8.0 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx
8.0
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks
Impact
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
For example, Rancher relies on Steve as a dependency for its user interface (UI) to proxy requests to Kubernetes clusters. Users who have the permission to create a service in Rancher’s local cluster can take over Rancher’s UI and display their own UI to gather sensitive information. This is only possible when the setting ui-offline-preferred is manually set to remote (by default Rancher sets it to dynamic). This enables further attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), or tampering the UI to collect passwords from other users etc.
Please consult the associated MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Adversary-in-the-Middle for further information about this category of attack.
Patches
Patched versions of Steve include releases v0.2.1, v0.3.3, v0.4.4 and v0.5.13.
This vulnerability is addressed by changing Steve to always verify a server’s certificate based on Go’s TLS settings.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure that you are only using Steve to connect to trusted servers.
References
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Reach out to the SUSE Rancher Security team for security related inquiries.
- Open an issue in the Rancher repository.
- Verify with our support matrix and product support lifecycle.
- Record
GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx- CVSS 3.1
- 8.0 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-295
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
8.0
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
- Record
CVE-2023-32198- CVSS 3.1
- 8.0 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-295
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
8.0
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
- Record
CVE-2023-32198- CVSS 3.1
- 8.0 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-295
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx
8.0
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks
Impact
A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.
For example, Rancher relies on Steve as a dependency for its user interface (UI) to proxy requests to Kubernetes clusters. Users who have the permission to create a service in Rancher’s local cluster can take over Rancher’s UI and display their own UI to gather sensitive information. This is only possible when the setting ui-offline-preferred is manually set to remote (by default Rancher sets it to dynamic). This enables further attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), or tampering the UI to collect passwords from other users etc.
Please consult the associated MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Adversary-in-the-Middle for further information about this category of attack.
Patches
Patched versions of Steve include releases v0.2.1, v0.3.3, v0.4.4 and v0.5.13.
This vulnerability is addressed by changing Steve to always verify a server’s certificate based on Go’s TLS settings.
Workarounds
If you can't upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure that you are only using Steve to connect to trusted servers.
References
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Reach out to the SUSE Rancher Security team for security related inquiries.
- Open an issue in the Rancher repository.
- Verify with our support matrix and product support lifecycle.
- Record
GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx- CVSS 3.1
- 8.0 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-295
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGO-2025-3648 No score
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks in github.com/rancher/stev
Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks in github.com/rancher/stev.
NOTE: The source advisory for this report contains additional versions that could not be automatically mapped to standard Go module versions.
(If this is causing false-positive reports from vulnerability scanners, please suggest an edit to the report.)
The additional affected modules and versions are: github.com/rancher/steve from v0.3.0 before v0.3.3.
- Record
GO-2025-3648- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:15059-1 No score
govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250506T153719-1.1 on GA media
These are all security issues fixed in the govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250506T153719-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.
- Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:15059-1- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
github.com/rancher/steveGo |
0.2.0 up to 0.2.1 | 0.2.1 |
github.com/rancher/steveGo |
0.4.0 up to 0.4.4 | 0.4.4 |
github.com/rancher/steveGo |
0.5.0 up to 0.5.13 | 0.5.13 |
github.com/rancher/steveGo |
0.3.0 up to 0.3.3 | 0.3.3 |
github.com/rancher/steveGo |
All versions | None known |
github.com/rancher/steveGo |
0.2.0 up to 0.2.1, 0.4.0 up to 0.4.4, 0.5.0 up to 0.5.13 | 0.2.10.4.40.5.13 |
govulncheck-vulndbopenSUSE:Tumbleweed From an advisory covering 12 CVEs |
before 0.0.20250506T153719-1.1 | 0.0.20250506T153719-1.1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected, facts | ||
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2023-32198 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.0) in Steve-community Steve, published April 25, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.33%, the 26th percentile. Fixed in github.com/rancher/steve 0.2.1.
References
bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2023-32198
github.com/rancher/steve/security/advisories/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx
pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3648
github.com/advisories/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/32xxx/CVE-2023-32198.json
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32198
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github.com/rancher/steve
lists.opensuse.org/archives/list/[email protected]/thread/HNV7O7SNYYY4AFS5HKAPLITKK3B57LE7
suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-11243
suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-32198
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suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-23390
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