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CVE-2023-32198

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks

8.0 HighFix available

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges needed
High
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.33%Unchanged since Jun 12, 2026
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 8.0

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

Record
CVE-2023-32198
CVSS 3.1
8.0 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-295
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-60719 8.0

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

Record
EUVD-2023-60719
CVSS 3.1
8.0 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx 8.0

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks

Impact

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

For example, Rancher relies on Steve as a dependency for its user interface (UI) to proxy requests to Kubernetes clusters. Users who have the permission to create a service in Rancher’s local cluster can take over Rancher’s UI and display their own UI to gather sensitive information. This is only possible when the setting ui-offline-preferred is manually set to remote (by default Rancher sets it to dynamic). This enables further attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), or tampering the UI to collect passwords from other users etc.

Please consult the associated MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Adversary-in-the-Middle for further information about this category of attack.

Patches

Patched versions of Steve include releases v0.2.1, v0.3.3, v0.4.4 and v0.5.13.

This vulnerability is addressed by changing Steve to always verify a server’s certificate based on Go’s TLS settings.

Workarounds

If you can't upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure that you are only using Steve to connect to trusted servers.

References

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Record
GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx
CVSS 3.1
8.0 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-295
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 8.0

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

Record
CVE-2023-32198
CVSS 3.1
8.0 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-295
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 8.0

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

Record
CVE-2023-32198
CVSS 3.1
8.0 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-295
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx 8.0

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks

Impact

A vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.

For example, Rancher relies on Steve as a dependency for its user interface (UI) to proxy requests to Kubernetes clusters. Users who have the permission to create a service in Rancher’s local cluster can take over Rancher’s UI and display their own UI to gather sensitive information. This is only possible when the setting ui-offline-preferred is manually set to remote (by default Rancher sets it to dynamic). This enables further attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), or tampering the UI to collect passwords from other users etc.

Please consult the associated MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Adversary-in-the-Middle for further information about this category of attack.

Patches

Patched versions of Steve include releases v0.2.1, v0.3.3, v0.4.4 and v0.5.13.

This vulnerability is addressed by changing Steve to always verify a server’s certificate based on Go’s TLS settings.

Workarounds

If you can't upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure that you are only using Steve to connect to trusted servers.

References

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Record
GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx
CVSS 3.1
8.0 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-295
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGO-2025-3648 No score

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks in github.com/rancher/stev

Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks in github.com/rancher/stev.

NOTE: The source advisory for this report contains additional versions that could not be automatically mapped to standard Go module versions.

(If this is causing false-positive reports from vulnerability scanners, please suggest an edit to the report.)

The additional affected modules and versions are: github.com/rancher/steve from v0.3.0 before v0.3.3.

Record
GO-2025-3648
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:15059-1 No score

govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250506T153719-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250506T153719-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:15059-1
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
github.com/rancher/steve
Go
0.2.0 up to 0.2.1
0.2.1
github.com/rancher/steve
Go
0.4.0 up to 0.4.4
0.4.4
github.com/rancher/steve
Go
0.5.0 up to 0.5.13
0.5.13
github.com/rancher/steve
Go
0.3.0 up to 0.3.3
0.3.3
github.com/rancher/steve
Go
All versions None known
github.com/rancher/steve
Go
0.2.0 up to 0.2.1, 0.4.0 up to 0.4.4, 0.5.0 up to 0.5.13
0.2.10.4.40.5.13
govulncheck-vulndb
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 12 CVEs
before 0.0.20250506T153719-1.1
0.0.20250506T153719-1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, facts
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2023-32198 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.0) in Steve-community Steve, published April 25, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.33%, the 26th percentile. Fixed in github.com/rancher/steve 0.2.1.

References

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