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CVE-2023-39363

Vyper incorrectly allocated named re-entrancy locks

9.1 CriticalFix available

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically: a .vy contract compiled with vyper versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16, or 0.3.0; a primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates); and a secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function. Version 0.3.1 contains a fix for this issue.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.82%Up 0.8 points since Aug 8, 2023
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 9.1

Vyper incorrectly allocated named re-entrancy locks

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically: a .vy contract compiled with vyper versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16, or 0.3.0; a primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates); and a secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function. Version 0.3.1 contains a fix for this issue.

Record
CVE-2023-39363
CVSS 4.0
9.1 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:A
Weakness
CWE-863
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-0265 9.1

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically: a .vy contract compiled with vyper versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16, or 0.3.0; a primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates); and a secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function. Version 0.3.1 contains a fix for this issue.

Record
EUVD-2023-0265
CVSS 4.0
9.1 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:A
Updated
2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-5824-cm3x-3c38 9.1

Vyper has incorrectly allocated named re-entrancy locks

Impact

In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically:

  • A .vy contract compiled with either of the following vyper versions: 0.2.15, 0.2.16, 0.3.0
  • A primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates)
  • A secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function

Patches

https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/2439, https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/2514

Workarounds

Upgrade to 0.3.1 or higher

References

Technical post-mortem report: https://hackmd.io/@vyperlang/HJUgNMhs2

Record
GHSA-5824-cm3x-3c38
CVSS 4.0
9.1 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:A
CVSS 3.1
8.7 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-863
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 9.1

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically: a .vy contract compiled with vyper versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16, or 0.3.0; a primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates); and a secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function. Version 0.3.1 contains a fix for this issue.

Record
CVE-2023-39363
CVSS 4.0
9.1 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:A/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS 3.1
5.9 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-863
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 9.1

Vyper incorrectly allocated named re-entrancy locks

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically: a .vy contract compiled with vyper versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16, or 0.3.0; a primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates); and a secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function. Version 0.3.1 contains a fix for this issue.

Record
CVE-2023-39363
CVSS 4.0
9.1 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:A
Weakness
CWE-863
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-5824-cm3x-3c38 9.1

Vyper has incorrectly allocated named re-entrancy locks

Impact

In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically:

  • A .vy contract compiled with either of the following vyper versions: 0.2.15, 0.2.16, 0.3.0
  • A primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates)
  • A secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function

Patches

https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/2439, https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/2514

Workarounds

Upgrade to 0.3.1 or higher

References

Technical post-mortem report: https://hackmd.io/@vyperlang/HJUgNMhs2

Record
GHSA-5824-cm3x-3c38
CVSS 4.0
9.1 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:A
CVSS 3.1
8.7 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-863
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2023-142 5.9

Vyer is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16 and 0.3.0, named re-entrancy locks are allocated incorrectly. Each function using a named re-entrancy lock gets a unique lock regardless of the key, allowing cross-function re-entrancy in contracts compiled with the susceptible versions. A specific set of conditions is required to result in misbehavior of affected contracts, specifically: a .vy contract compiled with vyper versions 0.2.15, 0.2.16, or 0.3.0; a primary function that utilizes the @nonreentrant decorator with a specific key and does not strictly follow the check-effects-interaction pattern (i.e. contains an external call to an untrusted party before storage updates); and a secondary function that utilizes the same key and would be affected by the improper state caused by the primary function. Version 0.3.1 contains a fix for this issue.

Record
PYSEC-2023-142
CVSS 3.1
5.9 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
vyper
PyPI
0.2.15 up to 0.3.1
0.3.1
vyper
PyPI
0.2.15 up to 0.3.1, plus listed versions
0.2.160.3.0
0.3.1
vyper
PyPI
All versions, plus listed versions
0.1.0b10.1.0b100.1.0b110.1.0b120.1.0b13
Show 45 moreShow less
0.1.0b140.1.0b150.1.0b160.1.0b170.1.0b20.1.0b30.1.0b40.1.0b50.1.0b60.1.0b70.1.0b80.1.0b90.2.10.2.100.2.110.2.120.2.130.2.140.2.150.2.160.2.20.2.30.2.40.2.50.2.60.2.70.2.80.2.90.3.00.3.10.3.20.3.30.3.40.3.50.3.60.3.70.3.80.3.90.3.100.3.10rc10.3.10rc20.3.10rc30.3.10rc40.3.10rc50.4.0
None known

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
aliases, publishedEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2023-39363 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.1) in Vyperlang Vyper, published August 7, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.82%, the 57th percentile. Fixed in vyper 0.3.1.

References

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Left out here: 24 versions. The JSON record has them.

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