CVE-2023-4481
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: A crafted BGP UPDATE message allows a remote attacker to de-peer (reset) BGP sessions (CVE-2023-4481)
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices.
This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects
Junos OS:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10,
- from 21.1R1 through 21.*,
- from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5,
- from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5,
- from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6)
- from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,
- from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3,
- from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,
- from 22.4 before 22.4R3,
- from 23.2 before 23.2R2.
Junos OS Evolved:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO,
- from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,
- from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,
- from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,
- from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,
- from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO,
- from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,
- from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,
- from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- None
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: A crafted BGP UPDATE message allows a remote attacker to de-peer (reset) BGP sessions (CVE-2023-4481)
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices.
This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects
Junos OS:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10,
- from 21.1R1 through 21.*,
- from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5,
- from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5,
- from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6)
- from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,
- from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3,
- from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,
- from 22.4 before 22.4R3,
- from 23.2 before 23.2R2.
Junos OS Evolved:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO,
- from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,
- from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,
- from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,
- from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,
- from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO,
- from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,
- from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,
- from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.
- Record
CVE-2023-4481- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-20
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-54336
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices.
This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects
Junos OS:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10,
- from 21.1R1 through 21.*,
- from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5,
- from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5,
- from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6)
- from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,
- from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3,
- from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,
- from 22.4 before 22.4R3,
- from 23.2 before 23.2R2.
Junos OS Evolved:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO,
- from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,
- from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,
- from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,
- from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,
- from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO,
- from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,
- from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,
- from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.
- Record
EUVD-2023-54336- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-559g-r8hh-jrx5
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper...
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices.
This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session.
- Record
GHSA-559g-r8hh-jrx5- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-20
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices.
This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects
Junos OS:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10,
- from 21.1R1 through 21.*,
- from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5,
- from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5,
- from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6)
- from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4,
- from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3,
- from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1,
- from 22.4 before 22.4R3,
- from 23.2 before 23.2R2.
Junos OS Evolved:
- All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO,
- from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,
- from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO,
- from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO,
- from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,
- from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO,
- from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,
- from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO,
- from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.
- Record
CVE-2023-4481- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-20
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| aliases, products, published | EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2023-4481 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.5) in Juniper Junos, published August 31, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 18.4%, the 97th percentile. No source names a fixed version.