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CVE-2023-46234

browserify-sign vulnerable via an upper bound check issue in `dsaVerify` that leads to a signature forgery attack

6.5 MediumFix available

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

Exploit likelihood

0.56%Up 0.5 points since Oct 27, 2023
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 6.5

browserify-sign vulnerable via an upper bound check issue in `dsaVerify` that leads to a signature forgery attack

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
CVE-2023-46234
CVSS 3.1
6.5 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Weakness
CWE-347
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-2835 6.5

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
EUVD-2023-2835
CVSS 3.1
6.5 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Updated
2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-x9w5-v3q2-3rhw 7.5

browserify-sign upper bound check issue in `dsaVerify` leads to a signature forgery attack

Summary

An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack.

Details

In dsaVerify function, it checks whether the value of the signature is legal by calling function checkValue, namely, whether r and s are both in the interval [1, q - 1]. However, the second line of the checkValue function wrongly checks the upper bound of the passed parameters, since the value of b.cmp(q) can only be 0, 1 and -1, and it can never be greater than q.

In this way, although the values of s cannot be 0, an attacker can achieve the same effect as zero by setting its value to q, and then send (r, s) = (1, q) to pass the verification of any public key.

Impact

All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability.

Fix PR:

Since the temporary private fork was deleted, here's a webarchive of the PR discussion and diff pages: PR webarchive.zip

Record
GHSA-x9w5-v3q2-3rhw
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-347
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 6.5

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
CVE-2023-46234
CVSS 3.1
6.5 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-347
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVAZL-31719 7.5

CVE-2023-46234 affecting package reaper for versions less than 3.1.1-9

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
AZL-31719
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 6.5

browserify-sign vulnerable via an upper bound check issue in `dsaVerify` that leads to a signature forgery attack

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
CVE-2023-46234
CVSS 3.1
6.5 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Weakness
CWE-347
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 9 moreShow less
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2023-46234 7.5

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2023-46234
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-x9w5-v3q2-3rhw 7.5

browserify-sign upper bound check issue in `dsaVerify` leads to a signature forgery attack

Summary

An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack.

Details

In dsaVerify function, it checks whether the value of the signature is legal by calling function checkValue, namely, whether r and s are both in the interval [1, q - 1]. However, the second line of the checkValue function wrongly checks the upper bound of the passed parameters, since the value of b.cmp(q) can only be 0, 1 and -1, and it can never be greater than q.

In this way, although the values of s cannot be 0, an attacker can achieve the same effect as zero by setting its value to q, and then send (r, s) = (1, q) to pass the verification of any public key.

Impact

All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability.

Fix PR:

Since the temporary private fork was deleted, here's a webarchive of the PR discussion and diff pages: PR webarchive.zip

Record
GHSA-x9w5-v3q2-3rhw
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-347
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2023-46234 7.5

browserify-sign is a package to duplicate the functionality of node's crypto public key functions, much of this is based on Fedor Indutny's work on indutny/tls.js. An upper bound check issue in dsaVerify function allows an attacker to construct signatures that can be successfully verified by any public key, thus leading to a signature forgery attack. All places in this project that involve DSA verification of user-input signatures will be affected by this vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 4.2.2.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2023-46234
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
CVSS 3.1
6.5 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVCLSA-2026-1782521955 No score

TuxCare security update for browserify-sign (1 CVE)

TuxCare rebuilt browserify-sign to address 1 CVE. Fixed in 4.0.4-tuxcare.1.

Record
CLSA-2026-1782521955
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVCLSA-2026-1782521956 No score

TuxCare security update for browserify-sign (1 CVE)

TuxCare rebuilt browserify-sign to address 1 CVE. Fixed in 4.2.1-tuxcare.1.

Record
CLSA-2026-1782521956
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVMGASA-2025-0194 No score

Updated yarnpkg packages fix security vulnerabilities

CVE-2024-37890 yarnpkg: denial of service when handling a request with many HTTP headers. CVE-2024-48949 yarnpkg: Missing Validation in Elliptic's EDDSA Signature Verification. CVE-2024-12905 yarnpkg: link following and path traversal via maliciously crafted tar file And other vulnerabilities in the yarn's bundled nodejs components are fixed too, see the references.

Record
MGASA-2025-0194
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:14663-1 No score

velociraptor-0.7.0.4.git142.862ef23-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the velociraptor-0.7.0.4.git142.862ef23-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:14663-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2023-46234 No score

CVE-2023-46234 in browserify-sign - Patched by Root

Root has patched CVE-2023-46234 in the browserify-sign package for Root:npm. Multiple fixed versions available.

Record
ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2023-46234
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUSN-6800-1 No score

node-browserify-sign vulnerability

It was discovered that browserify-sign incorrectly handled an upper bound check in signature verification. If a user or an automated system were tricked into opening a specially crafted input file, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to perform a signature forgery attack.

Record
USN-6800-1
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
browserify-sign
npm
2.6.0 to 4.2.1
4.2.2
reaper
Azure Linux:2
before 3.1.1-9
3.1.1-9
browserify-sign
TuxCare:npm
4.0.4-tuxcare.0 up to 4.0.4-tuxcare.1, plus listed versions
4.0.4
4.0.4-tuxcare.1
browserify-sign
TuxCare:npm
4.2.1-tuxcare.0 up to 4.2.1-tuxcare.1, plus listed versions
4.2.1
4.2.1-tuxcare.1
node-browserify-sign
Debian:12
before 4.2.1-3+deb12u1, plus listed versions
4.2.1-3
4.2.1-3+deb12u1
node-browserify-sign
Debian:13
before 4.2.2-1
4.2.2-1
node-browserify-sign
Debian:14
before 4.2.2-1
4.2.2-1
node-browserify-sign
Debian:10
before 4.0.4-2+deb10u1, plus listed versions
4.0.4-2
4.0.4-2+deb10u1
node-browserify-sign
Debian:11
before 4.2.1-1+deb11u1, plus listed versions
4.2.1-1
4.2.1-1+deb11u1
browserify-sign
npm
2.6.0 up to 4.2.2
4.2.2
Show 7 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
yarnpkg
Mageia:9
From an advisory covering 11 CVEs
before 1.22.22-0.10.9.2.1.mga9
1.22.22-0.10.9.2.1.mga9
browserify-sign
Root:npm
before 4.2.0-aikido.1
4.2.0-aikido.1
@rootio/browserify-sign
Root:npm
before 4.2.0-root.io.1
4.2.0-root.io.1
node-browserify-sign
Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS
before 4.0.4-2ubuntu0.18.04.1~esm1, plus listed versions
4.0.4-1ubuntu14.0.4-2
4.0.4-2ubuntu0.18.04.1~esm1
node-browserify-sign
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
before 4.0.4-2ubuntu0.20.04.1, plus listed versions
4.0.4-2
4.0.4-2ubuntu0.20.04.1
node-browserify-sign
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
before 4.2.1-2ubuntu0.1, plus listed versions
4.2.1-14.2.1-2
4.2.1-2ubuntu0.1
velociraptor
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 27 CVEs
before 0.7.0.4.git142.862ef23-1.1
0.7.0.4.git142.862ef23-1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, facts
aliases, publishedEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2023-46234 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 6.5) in Browserify Browserify-sign, published October 26, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.56%, the 47th percentile. Fixed in browserify-sign 4.2.2.

References

Show 40 moreShow less
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