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CVE-2024-28855

ZITADEL vulnerable to improper HTML sanitization

8.1 HighFix available

ZITADEL, open source authentication management software, uses Go templates to render the login UI. Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters prior to versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including JavaScript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy. Versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
Required

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

Exploit likelihood

0.78%Up 0.7 points since Mar 19, 2024
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 8.1

ZITADEL vulnerable to improper HTML sanitization

ZITADEL, open source authentication management software, uses Go templates to render the login UI. Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters prior to versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including JavaScript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy. Versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

Record
CVE-2024-28855
CVSS 3.1
8.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-20
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2024-0935 8.1

ZITADEL, open source authentication management software, uses Go templates to render the login UI. Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters prior to versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including JavaScript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy. Versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

Record
EUVD-2024-0935
CVSS 3.1
8.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Updated
2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-hfrg-4jwr-jfpj 8.1

Improper HTML sanitization in ZITADEL

Impact

ZITADEL uses Go templates to render the login UI.

Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including javascript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy.

Patches

2.x versions are fixed on >= 2.47.3 2.46.x versions are fixed on >= 2.46.1 2.45.x versions are fixed on >= 2.45.1 2.44.x versions are fixed on >= 2.44.3 2.43.x versions are fixed on >= 2.43.9 2.42.x versions are fixed on >= 2.42.15 2.41.x versions are fixed on >= 2.41.15

ZITADEL recommends upgrading to the latest versions available in due course.

Workarounds

There is no workaround since a patch is already available.

Questions

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at [email protected]

Credits

Thanks to Daniel Philipp - owt and Thomas Wickham - synopsis for reporting this.

Record
GHSA-hfrg-4jwr-jfpj
CVSS 3.1
8.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-20, CWE-79
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 8.1

ZITADEL, open source authentication management software, uses Go templates to render the login UI. Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters prior to versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including JavaScript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy. Versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

Record
CVE-2024-28855
CVSS 3.1
8.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
CVSS 3.1
6.1 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Weakness
CWE-20, CWE-79
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 8.1

ZITADEL vulnerable to improper HTML sanitization

ZITADEL, open source authentication management software, uses Go templates to render the login UI. Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters prior to versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including JavaScript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy. Versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

Record
CVE-2024-28855
CVSS 3.1
8.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-20
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-hfrg-4jwr-jfpj 8.1

Improper HTML sanitization in ZITADEL

Impact

ZITADEL uses Go templates to render the login UI.

Due to a improper use of the text/template instead of the html/template package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including javascript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy.

Patches

2.x versions are fixed on >= 2.47.3 2.46.x versions are fixed on >= 2.46.1 2.45.x versions are fixed on >= 2.45.1 2.44.x versions are fixed on >= 2.44.3 2.43.x versions are fixed on >= 2.43.9 2.42.x versions are fixed on >= 2.42.15 2.41.x versions are fixed on >= 2.41.15

ZITADEL recommends upgrading to the latest versions available in due course.

Workarounds

There is no workaround since a patch is already available.

Questions

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at [email protected]

Credits

Thanks to Daniel Philipp - owt and Thomas Wickham - synopsis for reporting this.

Record
GHSA-hfrg-4jwr-jfpj
CVSS 3.1
8.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Weakness
CWE-20, CWE-79
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGO-2024-2655 No score

XSS in github.com/zitadel/zitadel

The Login UI did not sanitize input parameters. An attacker could create a malicious link, where injected code would be rendered as part of the login screen.

Record
GO-2024-2655
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.42.0 up to 2.42.15
2.42.15
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.43.0 up to 2.43.9
2.43.9
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.44.0 up to 2.44.3
2.44.3
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.45.0 to 2.45.0
2.45.1
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.46.0 to 2.46.0
2.46.1
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.47.0 up to 2.47.4
2.47.4
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
before 0.0.0-20240311065202-07ec2efa9dc6
0.0.0-20240311065202-07ec2efa9dc6
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
1.80.1 up to 2.41.15
2.41.15
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
0.0.0 up to 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20240311065202-07ec2efa9dc6
1.80.0-v2.20.0.20240311065202-07ec2efa9dc6
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.45.0 up to 2.45.1
2.45.1
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
2.46.0 up to 2.46.1
2.46.1
github.com/zitadel/zitadel
Go
before 1.80.0-v2.20.0.20240312162750-5908b97e7c22
1.80.0-v2.20.0.20240312162750-5908b97e7c22

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
aliasesEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2024-28855 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.1) in Zitadel, published March 18, 2024. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.78%, the 56th percentile. Fixed in github.com/zitadel/zitadel 2.42.15.

References

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