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CVE-2025-2000

Qiskit SDK code execution

9.8 CriticalFix available

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.81%Up 0.7 points since Mar 15, 2025
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 9.8

Qiskit SDK code execution

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Record
CVE-2025-2000
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-502
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-6417 9.8

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Record
EUVD-2025-6417
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-3pwp-2fqj-6g2p 9.8

Duplicate Advisory: Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Record
GHSA-3pwp-2fqj-6g2p
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-502
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf 9.8

Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Impact

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Record
GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-502
Updated
2026-11-04
NVD 9.8

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Record
CVE-2025-2000
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-502
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 9.8

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Record
CVE-2025-2000
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 4 moreShow less
OSVGHSA-3pwp-2fqj-6g2p 9.8

Duplicate Advisory: Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Record
GHSA-3pwp-2fqj-6g2p
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-502
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf 9.8

Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Impact

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Record
GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-502
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2026-510 9.8

Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Impact

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Record
PYSEC-2026-510
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVPYSEC-2026-511 9.8

Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Impact

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Record
PYSEC-2026-511
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
qiskit-terra
PyPI
0.18.0 to 0.46.3 None known
qiskit
PyPI
through 1.4.1
1.4.2
qiskit
PyPI
2.0.0rc1 to 2.0.0rc1
2.0.0rc2
qiskit-terra
PyPI
0.18.0 to 0.46.3, plus listed versions
0.18.10.18.20.18.30.19.00.19.1
Show 37 moreShow less
0.19.20.20.00.20.10.20.20.21.00.21.0rc10.21.10.21.20.22.00.22.0rc10.22.10.22.20.22.30.22.40.23.00.23.0rc10.23.10.23.20.23.30.24.00.24.0rc10.24.10.24.20.25.00.25.0rc10.25.10.25.20.25.2.10.25.30.45.00.45.0rc10.45.10.45.20.45.30.46.00.46.10.46.2
None known
qiskit
PyPI
before 1.4.2, plus listed versions
0.10.00.10.10.10.20.10.30.10.4
Show 45 moreShow less
0.10.50.11.00.11.10.11.20.12.00.12.10.12.20.13.00.14.00.14.10.15.00.16.00.16.10.16.20.17.00.18.00.18.10.18.20.18.30.19.00.19.10.19.20.19.30.19.40.19.50.19.60.20.00.20.10.21.00.22.00.23.00.23.10.23.20.23.30.23.40.23.50.23.60.24.00.24.10.25.00.25.10.25.20.25.30.25.40.26.0
1.4.2
qiskit
PyPI
2.0.0rc1 up to 2.0.0rc2
2.0.0rc2
qiskit
PyPI
before 1.4.2, 2.0.0rc1 up to 2.0.0rc2, plus listed versions
0.10.00.10.10.10.20.10.30.10.4
Show 45 moreShow less
0.10.50.11.00.11.10.11.20.12.00.12.10.12.20.13.00.14.00.14.10.15.00.16.00.16.10.16.20.17.00.18.00.18.10.18.20.18.30.19.00.19.10.19.20.19.30.19.40.19.50.19.60.20.00.20.10.21.00.22.00.23.00.23.10.23.20.23.30.23.40.23.50.23.60.24.00.24.10.25.00.25.10.25.20.25.30.25.40.26.0
1.4.22.0.0rc2

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
factsGitHub Advisories
affected
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-2000 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in Ibm Qiskit, published March 14, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.81%, the 57th percentile. Fixed in qiskit 1.4.2.

References

This page doesn't list everything

Left out here: 248 versions. The JSON record has them.

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