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CVE-2025-24032

PAM-PKCS#11 vulnerable to authentication bypass with default value for `cert_policy` (`none`)

9.2 CriticalFix available

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

Exploit likelihood

0.71%Up 0.7 points since Feb 11, 2025
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 9.2

PAM-PKCS#11 vulnerable to authentication bypass with default value for `cert_policy` (`none`)

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Record
CVE-2025-24032
CVSS 4.0
9.2 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
Weakness
CWE-287
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-3602 9.2

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Record
EUVD-2025-3602
CVSS 4.0
9.2 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 9.2

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Record
CVE-2025-24032
CVSS 4.0
9.2 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Weakness
CWE-287
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 9.2

PAM-PKCS#11 vulnerable to authentication bypass with default value for `cert_policy` (`none`)

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Record
CVE-2025-24032
CVSS 4.0
9.2 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
Weakness
CWE-287
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2025-24032 9.2

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2025-24032
CVSS 4.0
9.2 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2025-24032 9.2

PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. Prior to version 0.6.13, if cert_policy is set to none (the default value), then pam_pkcs11 will only check if the user is capable of logging into the token. An attacker may create a different token with the user's public data (e.g. the user's certificate) and a PIN known to the attacker. If no signature with the private key is required, then the attacker may now login as user with that created token. The default to not check the private key's signature has been changed with commit commi6638576892b59a99389043c90a1e7dd4d783b921, so that all versions starting with pam_pkcs11-0.6.0 should be affected. As a workaround, in pam_pkcs11.conf, set at least cert_policy = signature;.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24032
CVSS 4.0
9.2 CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 6 moreShow less
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:14738-1 No score

pam_pkcs11-0.6.13-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the pam_pkcs11-0.6.13-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:14738-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2025:0688-1 No score

Security update for pam_pkcs11

This update for pam_pkcs11 fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2025-24032: default value for cert_policy (none) allows for authentication bypass (bsc#1237062).
  • CVE-2025-24031: uninitialized pointer dereference caused by user pressing ctrl-c/ctrl-d when asked for PIN leads to crash (bsc#1237058).
Record
SUSE-SU-2025:0688-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2025:0689-1 No score

Security update for pam_pkcs11

This update for pam_pkcs11 fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2025-24032: default value for cert_policy (none) allows for authentication bypass (bsc#1237062).
  • CVE-2025-24031: uninitialized pointer dereference caused by user pressing ctrl-c/ctrl-d when asked for PIN leads to crash (bsc#1237058).
Record
SUSE-SU-2025:0689-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2025:0712-1 No score

Security update for pam_pkcs11

This update for pam_pkcs11 fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2025-24032: default value for cert_policy (none) allows for authentication bypass (bsc#1237062).
  • CVE-2025-24031: uninitialized pointer dereference caused by user pressing ctrl-c/ctrl-d when asked for PIN leads to crash (bsc#1237058).
Record
SUSE-SU-2025:0712-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2025:20199-1 No score

Security update for pam_pkcs11

This update for pam_pkcs11 fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2025-24031: Fixed segmentation fault on ctrl-c/ctrl-d when asked for PIN (bsc#1237058).
  • CVE-2025-24032: Fixed authentication bypass with default value for cert_policy (none) (bsc#1237062).
Record
SUSE-SU-2025:20199-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUSN-7363-1 No score

pam-pkcs11 vulnerabilities

Marcus Rückert and Matthias Gerstner discovered that PAM-PKCS#11 did not properly handle certain return codes when authentication was not possible. An attacker could possibly use this issue to bypass authentication. This issue only affected Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and Ubuntu 24.10. (CVE-2025-24531)

It was discovered that PAM-PKCS#11 did not require a private key signature for authentication by default. An attacker could possibly use this issue to bypass authentication. (CVE-2025-24032)

Record
USN-7363-1
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
pam-pkcs11
Debian:12
before 0.6.12-1+deb12u1, plus listed versions
0.6.12-1
0.6.12-1+deb12u1
pam-pkcs11
Debian:13
before 0.6.13-1
0.6.13-1
pam-pkcs11
Debian:14
before 0.6.13-1
0.6.13-1
pam-pkcs11
Debian:11
before 0.6.11-4+deb11u1, plus listed versions
0.6.11-4
0.6.11-4+deb11u1
pam-pkcs11
Debian:12
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.12-1+deb12u1, plus listed versions
0.6.12-1
0.6.12-1+deb12u1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.8-7.8.1
0.6.8-7.8.1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150600.16.3.1
0.6.10-150600.16.3.1
pam_pkcs11
openSUSE:Leap 15.6
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150600.16.3.1
0.6.10-150600.16.3.1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
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Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
0.6.10-150100.3.6.1
pam_pkcs11
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.12-3.1
0.6.12-3.1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS
before 0.6.8-4ubuntu0.1~esm1, plus listed versions
0.6.8-4
0.6.8-4ubuntu0.1~esm1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS
before 0.6.9-2ubuntu0.1~esm1, plus listed versions
0.6.9-10.6.9-20.6.9-2build10.6.9-2build2
0.6.9-2ubuntu0.1~esm1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
before 0.6.11-2ubuntu0.1, plus listed versions
0.6.11-2
0.6.11-2ubuntu0.1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
before 0.6.11-4ubuntu0.1, plus listed versions
0.6.11-4build10.6.11-4build2
0.6.11-4ubuntu0.1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
before 0.6.12-2ubuntu0.24.04.1, plus listed versions
0.6.12-10.6.12-20.6.12-2build20.6.12-2build3
0.6.12-2ubuntu0.24.04.1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.8-4ubuntu0.1~esm1, plus listed versions
0.6.8-4
0.6.8-4ubuntu0.1~esm1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.9-2ubuntu0.1~esm1, plus listed versions
0.6.9-10.6.9-20.6.9-2build10.6.9-2build2
0.6.9-2ubuntu0.1~esm1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.11-2ubuntu0.1, plus listed versions
0.6.11-2
0.6.11-2ubuntu0.1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.11-4ubuntu0.1, plus listed versions
0.6.11-4build10.6.11-4build2
0.6.11-4ubuntu0.1
pam-pkcs11
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.12-2ubuntu0.24.04.1, plus listed versions
0.6.12-10.6.12-20.6.12-2build20.6.12-2build3
0.6.12-2ubuntu0.24.04.1
pam_pkcs11
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 0.6.13-1.1
0.6.13-1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, facts
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-24032 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.2) in Opensc Pam Pkcs11, published February 6, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.71%, the 53rd percentile. Fixed in pam-pkcs11 0.6.12-1+deb12u1.

References

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